Quiz 5 - Materials Science & Engineering PDF

1. In machining process, a grinder cuts every small chip from the workpiece via shear deformation, using ________________ as its cutting tool. In machining processes, a grinder removes material from a workpiece using an abrasive wheel as its cutting tool1. The grinding wheel consists of abrasive particles that act as microscopic single-point cutting edges, shearing tiny chips from the workpiece. These chips are analogous to what would conventionally be called “cut” chips in other machining operations (such as turning, milling, drilling, or tapping)1. So, the answer is an abrasive wheel. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 2. Herman could not see the road because of the dirt on his car’s …………….. Select one A. hood B. fender C. bumper D. windshield Herman could not see the road because of the dirt on his car’s windshield. 3. ……………is the force which resists the initiation of motion. At the point of motion, it has its maximum value. Select one A. static friction B. friction C. kinetic friction D. reaction The force which resists the initiation of motion is static friction. At the point of motion, it has its maximum value. 4. Water pipes are often made of ………….. because the metal does not oxidize in contact with water. Select one A. plastic B. rubber C. copper D. Kevlar Water pipes are often made of copper because the metal does not oxidize in contact with water1. It provides good corrosion resistance and durability for water distribution systems. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask 5. Screwdrivers, spanners and wrenches are classified into………… Select one A. fastening or twisting tools B. woodworking tools C. striking and impact tools D. measuring tools Screwdrivers, spanners, and wrenches are classified into fastening or twisting tools. These tools are commonly used for tightening or loosening nuts, bolts, and screws. 6. ____________ consisting of an Earth-anchored carbon nanotubes composite ribbon that extends 62,000 miles (100,000 kilometers) into space could eventually provide routine, safe, inexpensive and quiet access to orbit Select one A. GPS B. A space elevator C. Kelvar D. Otis flat belt A space elevator consisting of an Earth-anchored carbon nanotubes composite ribbon that extends 62,000 miles (100,000 kilometers) into space could eventually provide routine, safe, inexpensive, and quiet access to orbit1. The concept of a space elevator is moving out of science fiction and into reality, thanks to advances in creating carbon nanotubes and building machines that can spin out the great lengths of material needed to create the ribbon that will stretch up into space1 7. Materials that possess a high degree of ………..have the ability to resist indentation as a result of impact as well as being scratch resistant. Select one A. hardness B. rigidity C. plasticity D. durability Materials that possess a high degree of hardness have the ability to resist indentation as a result of impact as well as being scratch-resistant1. Hardness is a crucial property in determining a material’s suitability for various applications, especially when wear resistance and durability are essential factors. 8. the load goes beyond the elasticity of the material, …………… Select one A. the component will never return to its original shape. B. the deformation will never happen C. the deformation will decrease significantly D. the component will return to its original shape. If the load goes beyond the elasticity of the material, the component will never return to its original shape. Elasticity refers to a material’s ability to deform under stress and then return to its original shape once the stress is removed. When the load exceeds the material’s elastic limit, permanent deformation occurs, and the component does not recover its initial form. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 9. When you kick a ball, the …………….. moves it forward Select one A. REACTION FORCE B. WORK C. FRICTION D. FORCE When you kick a ball, the FORCE moves it forward. The force applied by your foot to the ball causes it to accelerate and move in the direction of the kick. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 10.A body immersed in a fluid experiences a ________________force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced Select one A. buoyant B. floating C. rising D. equivalent A body immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced. This buoyant force acts in the opposite direction to gravity and helps objects float or rise when submerged in a fluid. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! You 11.The primary function of a lubricant is to prevent ________of the rolling and sliding contacts of a bearing Select one A. corrosion B. oxidization C. breaking D. wear The primary function of a lubricant is to prevent wear of the rolling and sliding contacts of a bearing. Lubrication reduces friction, dissipates heat, and provides a barrier against wear, ensuring smooth operation and extending the bearing’s life. 12.I’m afraid it seems that the pipe has __________ and that’s what caused the leak Select one A. corrected B. corroded C. counteracted D. corrupted The pipe has corroded, and that’s what caused the leak1. Corrosion can weaken pipes over time, leading to leaks. If you need further assistance or have more questions, feel free to ask! 13.There are many types of …………….machines that people use everyday like inclined plane, wheel and axle, ……… Select one A. electric B. simple C. power D. compound There are many types of simple machines that people use every day, such as the inclined plane, wheel and axle, and more1. These simple machines make tasks easier by changing the magnitude or direction of force. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! Learn more1teachengineering.org 14.With its permanent-magnet synchronous motor, the newly-launched gearless model is highly energy-efficient, ………….. power- consumption by as much as 50 percent over the previous one Select one A. reduce B. increasing C. reducing D. increase With its permanent-magnet synchronous motor, the newly-launched gearless model is highly energy-efficient, reducing power consumption by as much as 50 percent over the previous one. 15.In engineering, people use a __________ to make straight cuts by applying pressure to shear the material. Select one A. guillotine B. planer C. lathe D. hack-saw In engineering, people use a guillotine to make straight cuts by applying pressure to shear the material1. A guillotine shear is a specialized cutting tool that uses a straight blade to cut through sheet metal or other materials. 16.……………uses a rope wrapped around a wheel to raise and lower heavy objects. Select one A. lever B. wheel and axle C. wedge D. pulley 17.Personal Protective Equipment ……………… Select one A. must be used where necessary B. must be removed when the power is on C. should be used where you like D. must be worn whenever you like 18. To reduce friction, -------------is placed between the two surfaces, forming a barrier that prevents the surfaces from coming into contact with one another. Select one A. an elastic material B. an alloy C. an impurity D. a layer of grease 19.________ is the ability of a material to change shape (deform) usually by stretching along its length or tensile stress Select one A. Malleability B. Elasticity C. Ductility D. Tensile strength 20.Which statement is not correct? Select one A. A triangle has three angles which adds up to 180o B. A rectangle has two pairs of lines which are parallel C. A square is a rectangle has four equal sides and four right angles D. The internal angles of a rectangle always add up to 180 degrees. 21.What part of the simple machine does the nut represent? Select one A. Effort Force B. Applied force C. Resistance Force D. Normal force 22.___________is a metal which is formed by mixing other metals or elements Select one A. A non-metal B. Mild steel C. Brass D. An alloy An alloy is a substance made by combining together two or more elements where the primary element is a metal. Unlike chemical compounds with metallic bases, an alloy retains all the properties of a metal, such as electrical conductivity, ductility, opacity, and luster, but may have properties that differ from those of the pure metals, such as increased strength or hardness. Alloys are usually classified as substitutional or interstitial alloys, depending on the atomic arrangement that forms the alloy. They can be further classified as homogeneous (consisting of a single phase) or heterogeneous (consisting of two or more phases) or intermetallic. Examples of alloys include red gold (gold and copper), white gold (gold and silver), sterling silver (silver and copper), steel (iron with non-metallic carbon or silicon), solder, brass, pewter, duralumin, bronze, and amalgams. An alloy is a metal which is formed by mixing other metals or elements. It is created to enhance the properties of the base metal, such as strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, or hardness. Brass and mild steel are examples of alloys. 23.Brass alloys of --____________ tend to give rather weak and porous castings Select one A. copper and tin B. copper and titanium C. aluminium and zinc D. copper and zinc Brass is an alloy primarily composed of copper and zinc. The proportions of these two metals can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties, including strength and ductility. Copper and tin, on the other hand, form bronze, which is a different alloy. Aluminium and zinc form an alloy that is not brass, and copper and titanium are not commonly alloyed together to make brass. 24.Friction force …………..once movement is achieved , since starting movement is harder than continuing it. Select one A. decreases B. maintains C. increases D. does not change The friction force decreases once movement is achieved. Initially, when an object is at rest, static friction opposes the applied force, making it harder to start moving. However, once the object starts moving (overcoming static friction), the friction force decreases, and kinetic friction takes over. Kinetic friction is generally lower than static friction, allowing smoother motion. So, the correct answer is “decreases 25.…………………refers to the maximum value of stress or force for which a material shows elastic behaviors. Select one A. Gravity B. Elastic limit C. Friction limit D. Elasticity The term you’re looking for is the Elastic limit. It represents the maximum stress or force per unit area within a solid material before permanent deformation occurs. Beyond the elastic limit, the material yields or flows Elasticity 26.These two parts act as one simple machine. They roll and are found on cars, bikes and wheelbarrows. What are they? Select one A. Front and rear wheels B. Wheels and handles C. Wheel and Axle D. Steering wheel and front wheels These two parts act as one simple machine. They roll and are found on cars, bikes, and wheelbarrows. They are the Wheel and Axle. The wheel is the circular part, and the axle is the rod or shaft that goes through the center of the wheel. When you turn the wheel, the axle rotates, allowing you to move objects more easily. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! Steering wheel and front wheels 27.A pulley is a device with a wheel that has a grooved rim in which a rope or belt can wind through. It is used to change the direction of ……………… and to control the tension and slack in a belt drive Select one A. bouncy force B. reaction force C. applied force D. normal force A pulley is a device with a wheel that has a grooved rim in which a rope or belt can wind through. It is used to change the direction of applied force and to control the tension and slack in a belt drive. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 28.Which statement is not correct? Select one A. Hammers, screws and seesaws are also called machines B. Machines can be combined together to form simple machines C. Machines are used to multiply speed D. Machines are used to multiply and change the direction of a force E. of simple machines. Machines can be combined together to form simple machines: This is incorrect. Simple machines are the most basic mechanical devices, and when combined, they form complex machines, not other simple machines. Machines are used to multiply speed: This is correct. Machines can be designed to increase speed through mechanisms like gears. Machines are used to multiply and change the direction of a force: This is correct. Machines can change the magnitude and direction of an applied force. 29.A ___________ must be worn when using machinery which gives off sparks or little parts. It is comfortable, can be flipped up when not needed, and will keep most of the flying chips away from your face Select one A. respirator B. gauntlet C. dust mask D. face shield A face shield must be worn when using machinery that gives off sparks or little parts. It is comfortable, can be flipped up when not needed, and will keep most of the flying chips away from your face1. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 30.The __________ of the vehicle was excellent: 0-100kph in 3 seconds. Select one A. acceleration B. speed C. deceleration D. activation The acceleration of the vehicle was excellent: 0-100 kph (62 mph) in 3 seconds. Achieving such rapid acceleration demonstrates impressive performance! If you have any more questions or need further information, feel free to ask! 31.Which statement is not correct? Select one A. Forces can be in contact with an object or not in contact it at all B. Stationary objects are the result of unbalanced forces C. Forces are pushes or pulls D. Forces are twists The statement that is not correct is: Stationary objects are the result of unbalanced forces. In reality, stationary objects are typically in equilibrium, which means that the net force acting on them is zero. When forces are balanced, the object remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity. Unbalanced forces cause acceleration or changes in motion. So, the correct answer is that stationary objects are not the result of unbalanced forces. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! The statement that is not correct is: “Stationary objects are the result of unbalanced forces” In physics, stationary objects are typically the result of balanced forces, where all the forces acting on an object cancel each other out, resulting in no change in motion. Unbalanced forces would result in a change in motion, such as starting to move, stopping, or changing direction. 32.In an engineering context, you can……………. a screw, a bolt, a clamp, a nut and a spring. Select one A. tighten or widen B. tighten or loosen C. strengthen or weaken D. assemble or dismantle In an engineering context, you can tighten or loosen a screw, a bolt, a clamp, a nut, and a spring. Tightening ensures secure fastening, while loosening allows for disassembly or adjustment. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 33.People should test and maintain _______________, which include tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages, in their car. This ensures ride quality reasonably well isolated from road noise, bumps, vibrations, etc Select one A. cooling system B. braking system C. suspension system D. chassis People should test and maintain the suspension system, which includes tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers, and linkages, in their car. This ensures ride quality reasonably well isolated from road noise, bumps, vibrations, etc1. Regular maintenance tasks for the suspension system include inspecting and lubricating suspension components (such as bushings and joints), checking for signs of wear or damage in shock absorbers/struts, and monitoring tire pressure and alignment to ensure even wear and proper handling2. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! The correct answer is: suspension system The suspension system in a car includes components like tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers, and linkages. It is responsible for ensuring ride quality is reasonably well isolated from road noise, bumps, vibrations, and other disturbances. 34.The roof material must have good ________________ protection so that it does not overheat. Select one A. thermal B. solar C. light D. melting The correct term to fill in the blank would be thermal. So the sentence should read: “The roof material must have good thermal protection so that it does not overheat.” 35.In terms of functions, which tools do not belong to this category? Select one A. nails B. wrenches C. screws D. bolts In the context of the functions described on the web page you’re viewing, wrenches do not belong to the category of simple machines. The page details various simple machines and their functions, such as inclined planes, wedges, wheels and axles, levers, screws, and pulleys1. Nails and screws are examples of wedges, while bolts are a type of screw. Wrenches, however, are tools used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects— usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—but they are not classified as simple machines themselves. 36.The cord will only stretch so far, and then it will snap back to its original shape, causing the jumper to bounce back up. Bungee cords are useful for this purpose because they are __________ Select one A. tensile B. durable C. plastic D. elastic Bungee cords are useful for this purpose because they are elastic. When stretched, they store potential energy, and their elasticity allows them to return to their original shape after being stretched, causing the jumper to bounce back up. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 37.……………….is a braking system that recovers energy generated during braking and stores it for use in the electric motor. Select one A. An electric braking system B. A regenerative braking system C. A drum brake D. A disc brake A regenerative braking system recovers energy generated during braking and stores it for use in the electric motor. This process involves converting kinetic energy into electrical energy, which can then be used to recharge the vehicle’s battery or assist the engine during acceleration. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 38.……………..is the foot pedal you use when you want to make the car go slower or stop it from moving Select one A. A shock absorber B. A brake C. A bumper D. A suspension system The foot pedal you use when you want to make the car go slower or stop it from moving is a brake. By pressing the brake pedal, you gradually reduce the car’s speed or bring it to a complete stop. Remember to avoid sudden or harsh braking to ensure safe driving! If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 39.A spring needs to be made from a ………………material. Select one A. flexible and elastic B. flexible and plastic C. flexible and ductile D. ductile and elastic A spring needs to be made from a flexible and elastic material. An ideal spring material has high strength properties, a high elastic limit, and a low modulus. Because springs are resilient structures designed to undergo large deflections, their materials must have properties of extensive elastic range1. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 40.The round parts that connect the car to the road and help the car move are…….. Select one A. the steering wheels B. the wheels C. the wheels and axle D. the tyres or tires The round parts that connect the car to the road and help the car move are the wheels1! If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 41.A rack and pinion steering system consists of a pinion (a circular gear) with a rack (a linear gear). The system works by converting a ………. motion into ……….. motion. Select one A. rotary/ rotary B. rotary/linear C. linear/linear D. rotary/reciprocating A rack and pinion steering system consists of a pinion (a circular gear) with a rack (a linear gear). The system works by converting a rotary motion into linear motion. When you turn the steering wheel (rotary motion), the pinion gear engages with the rack, causing the linear movement necessary to steer the vehicle. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 42.Plain carbon steel consists of___________. Select one A. carbon with small quantities of iron B. iron with small quantities of carbon C. iron only D. carbon only Plain carbon steel consists of iron with small quantities of carbon. It is an alloy of iron and carbon, where the properties primarily derive from the presence of carbon. Other elements like manganese, silicon, sulfur, and phosphorus may also be present in small amounts due to the steel-making process, but they do not significantly modify the mechanical properties1. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 43.When operating any mechanical equipment, you should………… Select one A. wear earphones for hearing protection B. keep all guards in place C. operate it correctly and safely and concentrate on the job D. operate it correctly and safely and concentrate on the job and keep all guards in place When operating any mechanical equipment, you should operate it correctly and safely and concentrate on the job and keep all guards in place. Safety is crucial to prevent accidents and ensure efficient operation. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 44.Which statement is not correct? Select one A. Stationary objects are the result of unbalanced forces B. Forces are pushes or pulls C. Forces are twists D. Forces can be in contact with an object or not in contact it at all times The statement that is not correct is: Stationary objects are the result of unbalanced forces This statement is incorrect because stationary objects are actually the result of balanced forces, where all the forces acting on an object are equal in size but opposite in direction, canceling each other out and resulting in no change in motion. Unbalanced forces, on the other hand, would result in a change in the object’s motion. 45.A material is said to be _________ if it returns to its original, unloaded dimensions when load is removed Select one A. elastic B. plastic C. soft D. tensile The correct term for a material that returns to its original, unloaded dimensions when the load is removed is elastic. This property is characteristic of materials that can undergo deformation under stress but can recover their original shape once the stress is removed. 46.If the car or truck doesn't respond when you accelerate or stumbles as it increases in speed, you probably have a clogged__________ Select one A. fuel filter B. fuel filler C. radiator D. suspension If a car or truck doesn’t respond when you accelerate or stumbles as it increases in speed, the issue is likely related to the fuel filter. A clogged fuel filter can restrict the flow of fuel to the engine, causing a lack of power and performance issues such as stumbling during acceleration. So, the correct answer is: fuel filter 47.The engine failed because too much air entered the cylinder during the………….. Select one A. intake stroke B. exhaust stroke C. intake valve D. inlet stroke. The engine likely failed during the intake stroke because this is the phase where the air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder. If too much air enters, it can cause a lean mixture, which may lead to engine failure. The intake stroke is the correct term among the options provided. 48.Soldering iron ……………….. Select one A. heats and connects metal objects together B. removes insulation from wiring C. holds an object in place D. makes holes or inserts and removes screws The correct answer is: heats and connects metal objects together A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering. It supplies heat to melt solder so that it can flow into the joint between two workpieces. It is not typically used for removing insulation, holding objects in place, or making holes or inserting and removing screws. 49.However, ……………… to the performance of a car. Select one A. All friction is not harmful B. Not all friction is harmful C. All friction is harmful D. All friction is a hindrance The correct answer is: Not all friction is harmful Friction is often thought of as a hindrance because it can cause wear and reduce efficiency. However, friction is also essential for many functions in a car, such as providing the grip needed for tires on the road, enabling brakes to stop the vehicle, and allowing the transmission of power from the engine to the wheels. Therefore, not all friction is harmful to the performance of a car. 50.……………is the force which resists the initiation of motion. At the point of motion, it has its maximum value. Select one A. kinetic friction B. reaction att C. static friction D. friction The correct answer is: Static friction is the force that resists the initiation of motion. It reaches its maximum value at the point just before motion occurs. 51.______________ is the machining process of using rotary cutters to remove surface layers from a workpiece, with multiple cutting wheels passes, by advancing (or feeding) in a direction at an angle with the axis of the tool Select one A. Sawing B. Shearing C. Grinding D. Milling Milling is the machining process of using rotary cutters to remove surface layers from a workpiece by advancing in a direction at an angle with the axis of the tool1. It’s a versatile technique that can produce a wide range of shapes and features in various materials. Milling is the machining process that involves the use of rotary cutters to remove material from a workpiece. It is done by feeding the workpiece into the cutter at an angle with the axis of the tool. Multiple cutting wheels may pass over the workpiece to shape it into the desired form. 52.Brass is a ________________ made of copper and zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties Select one A. metal element B. non-metallic compound C. ferrous compound D. metal alloy Brass is a metal alloy made of copper and zinc; the proportions of zinc and copper can be varied to create a range of brasses with varying properties. The correct answer is: metal alloy 53.A ……………….. is a cylindrical plug that moves up and down in the cylinder during combustion Select one A. combustion chamber B. piston C. stroke D. carburetor The correct answer is: piston A piston is a cylindrical plug that moves up and down in the cylinder during combustion. It is a crucial component of an internal combustion engine, converting the energy from the combustion process into mechanical motion 54.Look for cracks in the mirrors. Also examine the windshield for damage. The ……….…..should move easily and should not be bent or worn out. Select one A. windshields B. wipers C. front lights D. mirrors The correct answer is: wipers This is because the sentence is referring to something that should move easily and is associated with the windshield, which describes the function of wipers. Windshields, front lights, and mirrors do not have a movement function related to their operation. 55.………………are the details, dimensions, and compatibility characteristics of a machine or part as published by the manufacturer. Select one A. Manufacturer specifications B. Technical descriptions C. Mechanical measurement system D. Manufacturing techniques The correct term to fill in the blank is: Manufacturer specifications These are the details, dimensions, and compatibility characteristics of a machine or part as published by the manufacturer. They provide critical information that ensures the correct usage and integration of the part or machine in question. 56.Tools and equipment …………..from the workshop without permission from the technician-in-charge Select one A. do not have to be removed B. should not be removed C. must not be removed D. must be removed Tools and equipment must not be removed from the workshop without permission from the technician-in-charge. It’s essential to follow proper procedures to maintain safety and organization. 57.Furniture has to be made out of ________________material these days to prevent it from catching fire too easily. Select one A. combustible B. non-toxic C. heat-reflective D. inflammable The correct term to use for furniture material that should not catch fire easily is inflammable. This term means the material is not easily set on fire. It’s a bit confusing because “inflammable” sounds like it means “capable of being set on fire,” but it actually means the opposite. The prefix “in-” in this case does not denote negation as it usually does, but rather intensification. So, inflammable and non-combustible are terms used to describe materials that resist burning. For safety reasons, furniture is often required to be made of materials that are fire-resistant or non-combustible to prevent it from catching fire too easily. The simple machine in the picture is a lever. A lever is a rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point, called a fulcrum, to apply force on an object at one end, resulting in a force exerted at the other end1. In the context of the image you provided, the nutcracker is an example of a lever, where the fulcrum is at the pivot point, and the force applied at one end by the hand creates a greater force at the other end to crack the nut. This allows the nut to be opened with less effort than if you tried to crack it open with your hands alone. 58.Mechanical fixings are…………… Select one A. rivet, clip, glue and weld B. bolt, screw, weld and adhesive C. bolt, screw, rivet and clip D. bolt, clip, rivet and adhesive Mechanical fixings include a variety of components used to hold objects together or in place. Here are some common types: Nuts and Bolts: Nuts and bolts create a secure connection by threading the bolt through a hole and securing it with a nut. Screws: Screws are similar to bolts but have a threaded shaft and are often used to fasten materials together. Washers: Washers distribute the load and prevent damage to the material when tightening nuts or bolts. Keys and Keyways: Keys are used to transmit torque between rotating parts, such as gears and pulleys. Rivets: Rivets are permanent fasteners that join materials by deforming the end of the rivet to create a secure connection. Anchors: Anchors are used to secure objects to walls, ceilings, or floors. Studs: Studs are threaded rods used for fastening components together. Inserts: Inserts reinforce holes in materials and provide a threaded surface for screws or bolts. Rings and Pins: Rings and pins are used for alignment, retention, or securing parts. Clips: Clips hold components together without the need for threaded fasteners. In summary, mechanical fixings encompass a wide range of components, each serving a specific purpose in joining materials1. 59.There is always some__________ when touching objects move relatively to one another Select one A. friction B. corrosion C. reaction D. tension Friction is the force between two surfaces that are sliding or trying to slide across each other. When you try to push a book along the floor, friction makes this difficult. It always works in the direction opposite to the object’s motion or intended motion 60.What 2 simple machines make up the knob? Select one A. Lever and Screw B. Wheel and Axle C. Lever and Wheel and Axle D. Screw and Wheel and Axle A doorknob is a simple machine that only has two main parts. Among the six basic types of simple machines (lever, inclined plane, wedge, pulley, screw, and wheel and axle), the doorknob most closely resembles the wheel and axle. In the case of a doorknob, the knob itself acts as the wheel, and the central shaft through the door serves as the axle. When you turn the knob, it requires less force than turning the shaft by itself because of the wheel-and-axle mechanism1. So, the answer is Wheel and Axle 61.Friction force …………..once movement is achieved , since starting movement is harder than continuing it. Select one A. decreases B. maintains C. does not change D. increases The correct answer is: decreases Friction force decreases once movement is achieved because starting movement (overcoming static friction) is harder than continuing it (overcoming kinetic friction). Once an object is in motion, the friction force opposing its movement is typically lower than the initial force required to set it in motion. 62.When working with machine tools or other equipment with rotating spindles, jewellery, loose clothes etc. …………. Select one A. can protect the technicians from hazards B. are encouraged to put on C. must be put on D. are prohibited When working with machine tools or other equipment with rotating spindles, jewelry, loose clothes, and other accessories must be removed. This precaution is essential to prevent accidents and hazards. Loose clothing or dangling jewelry can get caught in moving parts, leading to serious injuries. Safety should always be the top priority in any workshop or industrial setting. 63.Mechanical fixings can’t be used for this type of material and in this machine design, ___________ is totally suitable in this case Select one A. clipping B. screwing C. riveting D. welding In this scenario, where mechanical fixings are not suitable for the material and machine design, welding is the most appropriate choice. Welding creates a permanent joint by melting and fusing the materials together, ensuring a strong and durable connection. 64.An obstacle to recycling __________ is the frequent need to remove ironmongery and saw or plane off damaged edges, because this can make the process costly Select one A. glass B. rubber C. timber D. plastic An obstacle to recycling timber is the frequent need to remove ironmongery and saw or plane off damaged edges, because this can make the process costly 65.When it starts raining, you need to switch on the __________of the car Select one A. windscreen wiper B. windscreen C. sun roof D. bonnet When it starts raining, you need to switch on the windscreen wiper of the car. The windscreen wiper helps keep the windshield clear of rainwater, ensuring better visibility while driving. 66.The speed at which a car moves is its ………… Select one A. speedometer B. acceleration C. net force D. velocity The speed at which a car moves is its velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity that includes both the magnitude (speed) and direction of motion. It tells us how fast an object is moving and in which direction. Certainly! Based on the context of the web page you’re viewing and the image details provided, here’s a concise summary of the relevant information: Web Page Context: Topic: Simple and compound machines Focus: Explains simple machines like inclined planes, wedges, wheel and axle, levers, screws, and pulleys, and how they make work easier1. Educational Setting: Appears to be from a unit page of the Faculty of Foreign Languages at HoChiMinh City University of Technology and Education, with tasks related to vocabulary and reading comprehension. Image Details: Illustration: Two handheld power tools - an angle grinder and a rotary drill. Question Context: A multiple-choice question asking to identify the tools shown. Correct Answers: Electric angle grinders (top tool) and Electric rotary drills (bottom tool). Connection Between Web Page and Image: The web page content discusses simple machines and their applications, which is foundational knowledge for understanding more complex machines like the power tools depicted in the image. The angle grinder and rotary drill are practical examples of how simple machine principles are applied in everyday tools to facilitate work. The sign in the image indicates that it is vital to wear ear protection in the area where the sign is displayed. This is typically required in environments with high noise levels to prevent hearing damage. 67.In machining process, a grinder cuts every small chip from the workpiece via shear deformation, using ________________ as its cutting tool. Select one A. a toothed blade B. a sharp punch C. a rotary blade D. an abrasive wheel In machining processes, a grinder uses an abrasive wheel as its cutting tool to remove material from a workpiece. The abrasive wheel consists of abrasive particles that act like numerous sharp cutting edges, shaving off layers of material to achieve the desired shape and finish12. So the correct answer is “an abrasive wheel.” 68.The primary function of a lubricant is to prevent ________of the rolling and sliding contacts of a bearing. Select one A. corrosion B. breaking C. wear D. oxidization The main purpose of bearing lubrication is to reduce friction and wear between surfaces, allowing them to move freely without causing unnecessary heat or excessive wear on the components1. Specifically, lubricants in bearings serve several essential functions: Minimizing friction: Lubricants create a layer between the moving components (such as rollers and raceways), fully supporting bearing loads and preventing wear. Preventing wear: By developing an oil layer between the rollers and raceways, lubricants separate metal surfaces and eliminate or minimize wear. Dissipating heat build-up: Lubricants help dissipate heat generated during operation, maintaining efficient performance. Providing a barrier against foreign matter: Lubricants act as a protective barrier, preventing contaminants from entering the bearing. Therefore, the correct answer is “wear.” 69.Plastics are synthetic materials. They can be ……….. and molded into useful articles. They have many applications in engineering Select one A. machined B. hardened C. strengthened D. softened Plastics are synthetic or semi-synthetic materials derived from petrochemicals or natural substances. They can be molded into useful articles using various techniques such as injection molding, extrusion, or blow molding1. In engineering, plastics find applications in various fields, including automotive, electronics, construction, and consumer goods2. So the correct answer is “softened.” 70.What is not a common characteristic of cutting tools? Select one A. They have a very sharp blade and a handle B. They are used to divide objects into two parts C. They work on a backward and forward movement D. They split materials into two parts without releasing sawdust or wood shaving. Certainly! Let’s analyze the characteristics of cutting tools: They have a very sharp blade and a handle: This is a common characteristic of cutting tools. A sharp blade allows efficient cutting, and the handle provides a grip for safe use. They are used to divide objects into two parts: Yes, cutting tools are primarily used to divide materials into smaller pieces or shapes. They work on a backward and forward movement: Many cutting tools, such as saws, do indeed operate with a back-and-forth motion. This movement helps cut through the material effectively. They split materials into two parts without releasing sawdust or wood shaving: This statement is not a common characteristic of cutting tools. In reality, most cutting tools (especially those used for woodworking or metalworking) generate sawdust, wood shavings, or metal chips as they cut through the material. Therefore, the correct answer is: They split materials into two parts without releasing sawdust or wood shaving. This is not a common characteristic of cutting tools. 71.Materials that possess a high degree of ………..have the ability to resist indentation as a result of impact as well as being scratch resistant. Select one A. plasticity B. durability C. hardness D. rigidity Certainly! Let’s discuss the material property related to resisting indentation and scratch resistance: The characteristic you’re describing is hardness. Hardness refers to a material’s ability to withstand indentation, scratching, or abrasion. It measures how resistant a material is to localized deformation when a force is applied to its surface. Materials with high hardness are less likely to dent or scratch easily. So the correct answer is “hardness.” 72.A machine does ……… when it moves another object. Select one A. WORK B. FRICTION C. FORCE D. REACTION FORCE When a machine moves another object, it does work. Work is the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object, causing it to move a certain distance in the direction of the force. So the correct answer is “WORK.” 73.A body immersed in a fluid experiences a ________________force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced. Select one A. buoyant B. equivalent C. rising D. floating A body immersed in a fluid experiences a buoyant force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced. This buoyant force acts in the opposite direction to gravity and helps objects float or rise when submerged in a fluid. 74.Water pipes are often made of ………….. because the metal does not oxidize in contact with water. Select one A. rubber B. plastic C. Kevlar D. copper Water pipes are often made of copper because the metal does not oxidize in contact with water. Unlike iron pipes, copper pipes are less prone to corrosion, ensuring the protection of the water supply1. 75.People should test and maintain _______________, which include tires, tire air, springs, shock absorbers and linkages, in their car. This ensures ride quality reasonably well isolated from road noise, bumps, vibrations, etc Select one A. chassis B. cooling system C. braking system D. suspension system Certainly! To ensure a smoother ride quality and minimize road noise, bumps, and vibrations, it’s essential to test and maintain the suspension system of your car. The suspension system includes components such as tires, tire air pressure, springs, shock absorbers, and linkages. Proper maintenance of these elements contributes to a comfortable driving experience and better handling on the road 1) Wheel and axle are one kind of simple machines that---------- Select one: A. reduces the friction of moving something B. is similar to a see-saw that can lift an object C. uses a rope and can change the direction of a force D. can split an object apart Wheel and axle are one kind of simple machines that uses a rope and can change the direction of a force. The wheel and axle mechanism allows you to apply force to one end (the wheel) and transmit that force to the other end (the axle) through a rope or belt. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 2) What is the primary function of a pulley system? Select one: A. To increase speed B. To decrease distance C. To decrease force required D. To change the direction of a force The primary function of a pulley system is to change the direction of a force. Pulleys allow you to redirect the applied force, making it easier to lift heavy objects or move loads vertically or horizontally. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 3) ------------- is a flat surface that helps move objects across distances. For example, a ramp may help to load objects onto a truck. Select one: A. A normal plane B. A inclined plant C. An inclined plan D. An inclined plane An inclined plane is a flat surface that helps move objects across distances. For example, a ramp may help to load objects onto a truck1. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 4) ______________ is a wheel that is used with a cord or rope. When you pull it downward, the other end lifts upward Select one: A. A wheel and axle B. An inclined plane C. A lever D. A pulley A pulley is a wheel that is used with a cord or rope. When you pull it downward, the other end lifts upward. Pulleys are commonly used to change the direction of a force or to lift heavy objects by distributing the load across multiple ropes or cables. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 5) A force can --------------. Select one: A. cause a body to move B. All of them are correct C. stop an object moving D. make a body rotate The correct answer is: All of them are correct A force can cause different types of movements or changes in objects, including causing a body to move, stopping an object that is moving, and making a body rotate. These are fundamental concepts in physics related to how forces affect objects. 6) A threaded pin or rod with a head at one end, which is narrower at the point and is designed to be inserted into a material by turning using a driving device is a/an --------------------- Select one: A. bolt B. adhesive C. screw D. rivet The description you provided matches a screw. A screw is a type of fastener that is inserted into materials by turning, typically with a screwdriver. It has a head on one end and a point on the other, and it uses its threads to hold materials together. So the correct answer is: screw 7) A threaded pin or rod with a head at one end, which is narrower at the point and is designed to be inserted into a material by turning using a driving device is a/an --------------------- Select one: A. bolt B. adhesive C. screw D. rivet A threaded pin or rod with a head at one end, which is narrower at the point and is designed to be inserted into a material by turning using a driving device is a screw. A screw is commonly used as a fastener or as a simple machine for applying power, such as in clamps or jacks. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 8) Which of the following simple machines are combined to make scissors? Select one: A. pulley and lever B. wedge and pulley C. lever and screw D. lever and wedge 9) The piston in an internal combustion engine and sewing machines involve ---------------------- movement. Select one: A. reciprocating B. rotary C. oscillating D. linear The piston in an internal combustion engine and sewing machines involve reciprocating movement. A reciprocating motion is characterized by back-and- forth or to-and-fro movement along a straight line. In the case of an engine, the piston moves up and down within the cylinder, while in sewing machines, the needle moves up and down to create stitches. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 10) An example of sliding friction is-------------. Select one: A. writing in pencil B. a car driving along a road C. a person sitting on a chair D. moving a refrigerator with a rolling trolley Certainly! Sliding friction occurs when two surfaces slide against each other, creating resistance. Here are some examples of sliding friction in daily life: Rubbing Hands Together: When you rub your hands together, the friction generates heat1. Pushing a Fridge on the Floor: Ever tried moving a refrigerator? The difficulty you encounter is due to sliding friction2. Car Skidding During Braking: When a car brakes suddenly, the tires skid on the road due to sliding friction2. Sledding and Skiing: The slowing down of motion during sledding or skiing is also a result of sliding friction2. Remember, sliding friction depends on factors like surface roughness, object weight, and material type. It’s fascinating how this force affects our everyday experiences! 11) An example of sliding friction is-------------. Select one: A. writing in pencil B. a car driving along a road C. a person sitting on a chair D. moving a refrigerator with a rolling trolley Certainly! Sliding friction occurs when two surfaces slide against each other, creating resistance. Here are some examples of sliding friction in daily life: Rubbing Hands Together: When you rub your hands together, the friction generates heat1. Pushing a Fridge on the Floor: Ever tried moving a refrigerator? The difficulty you encounter is due to sliding friction2. Car Skidding During Braking: When a car brakes suddenly, the tires skid on the road due to sliding friction2. Sledding and Skiing: The slowing down of motion during sledding or skiing is also a result of sliding friction2. Remember, sliding friction depends on factors like surface roughness, object weight, and material type. It’s fascinating how this force affects our everyday experiences! 12) The slide, shovel, broom and screw driver illustrate some types of simple machines except for----------? Select one: A. pulley B. An incline pane C. A lever D. A wedge Certainly! The slide, shovel, broom, and screwdriver are examples of simple machines. Let’s break down the types of simple machines: Pulley: A pulley is a wheel with a groove that allows a rope or cable to move around it. It changes the direction of force, making lifting heavy objects easier. Inclined Plane: An inclined plane is a flat surface that is tilted. It allows you to raise objects by moving them up the slope. Ramps and switchback roads use this principle. Lever: A lever is a bar or board that rests on a support called a fulcrum. It can multiply force, allowing a small force to lift a heavy weight. Wedge: A wedge is used to force things apart. Examples include knives, axes, and chisels. The missing type from your list is the wedge. So, the correct answer is “A wedge.” 1234 13) A bolt, a faucet, a ball point pen, a drill, and a circular stairways are examples of ___________. Select one: A. a screw B. a lever C. an inclined plane D. a wheel and axle Certainly! Among the options provided, a screw is the correct answer. Let’s explore why each of these items fits into the category of simple machines: Bolt: A bolt has threaded cuttings along its length, which allows it to hold two objects together when combined with a washer and a nut. This threading mechanism exemplifies the working of a simple screw machine1. Faucet: Faucets, used to control the flow of water or other fluids, also operate based on the principles of a simple screw machine. By twisting the faucet in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, you adjust the flow, demonstrating the operation of a screw1. Ballpoint Pen: Although not explicitly mentioned in the options, a ballpoint pen is another example of a simple screw machine. The internal mechanism that allows the pen tip to extend and retract involves a threaded mechanism2. Drill: A drill machine converts circular motion into linear motion along its axis. When you use a drill, the bit rotates due to the internal mechanical arrangement, demonstrating the working of a simple screw machine1. Circular Stairways: Circular staircases are often constructed using an inclined plane wrapped around a central axis (like a screw). While they primarily fall under the category of inclined planes, their spiral shape resembles a screw3. Remember, screws are twisted inclined planes that exhibit circular motion and convert it into linear motion along their axis. They are essential components in various everyday devices! 14) A screw is made up of --------- wrapped around a post or rod. Select one: A. treads B. reads C. threads D. heads Certainly! A screw is made up of threads wrapped around a post or rod. These threads form a helical rib, allowing the screw to hold objects together, lift heavy loads, and provide mechanical advantage by converting circular turning motion into linear forward and backward motion1. So, the correct answer is “threads.” 15) Which of the following simple machines is best described as a straight, slanted surface used to raise objects? Select one: A. Inclined plane B. Wheel and axle C. Lever D. Pulley Certainly! Among the options provided, the inclined plane is best described as a straight, slanted surface used to raise objects. Let’s explore this simple machine: Inclined Plane: An inclined plane consists of a sloping surface. It allows you to raise heavy bodies by moving them up the slope. The force required to move an object up the incline is less than its weight (discounting friction). The steeper the slope, the more nearly the required force approaches the actual weight. Mathematically, the force F required to move a block D up an inclined plane without friction is equal to its weight W times the sine of the angle the inclined plane makes with the horizontal (θ). Inclined planes are widely used in ramps, switchback roads, and other applications where a small force along a slope can do a large amount of work. 16) Which one of the following is a disadvantage of friction? Select one: A. It stops a car from sliding off the road. B. It keeps a runner from slipping. C. It wears away the surfaces in contact. D. It helps a person to write clearly. Certainly! Among the options provided, the disadvantage of friction is that it wears away the surfaces in contact. When two surfaces rub against each other, the frictional force can lead to gradual erosion and wear, especially if the materials are abrasive or not well-lubricated. This wear and tear can impact the longevity of machinery, tools, and everyday objects. So, the correct answer is “It wears away the surfaces in contact.” Remember, while friction has many practical uses, it also has its drawbacks! 17) In science, -------------------------is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. Select one: A. buoyancy B. pressure C. gravity D. elasticity In science, buoyancy is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object1. 18) Lubricants are applied to the contact surfaces of machinery to decrease ------------between moving parts. Select one: A. buoyancy force B. elastic force C. friction D. compressive force Lubricants are applied to the contact surfaces of machinery to decrease friction between moving parts. By forming a film between two surfaces, lubricants reduce resistance and improve performance and efficiency1. 19) ---------------is the natural force that causes things to fall toward the earth. Select one: A. buoyancy B. gravity C. elasticity D. reaction The natural force that causes things to fall toward the Earth is gravity1. 20) Nylon is used for bearing-------------nylon is self-lubricating Select one: A. but B. because C. so D. although Nylon is used for bearings, and nylon is self-lubricating. When it comes to self- lubrication, solid lubricant additives can be added to nylon 6 or nylon 66. These additives disperse throughout the plastic, releasing tiny microscopic lubricating particles during movement. As a result, the coefficient of friction decreases, eliminating the need for maintenance or additional lubrication. Self-lubricating nylon provides better wear resistance, higher strength, better dimensional stability, a lower coefficient of friction, and a longer service life. It’s perfect for situations where conventional lubricants could be dangerous or ill-advised. One example of such self-lubricated nylon is Nylon MDS, which contains fine Molybdenum Disulfide particles, enhancing wear properties and providing lubrication. When added to nylon 66, it not only reduces the coefficient of friction but also improves toughness and durability, making it one of the most wear-resistant thermoplastics available1. 21) Mechanical advantage for a simple machine is -----------. It can also be described as the ratio of load to the effort applied. Select one: A. the weight of the machine B. the speed at which the machine operates C. the energy required to operate the machine D. the ratio of output to the input force. Certainly! The mechanical advantage for a simple machine can be described as the ratio of output force (load) to the input force (effort) applied. It quantifies how effectively a machine amplifies force or changes the direction of force. So, the correct answer is “the ratio of output to the input force.” Remember, understanding mechanical advantage helps us design and optimize machines for various tasks! 22) ____________ is any chemical actions that harm the properties of a metal Select one: A. Tension B. Corrosion C. Reaction D. Friction Certainly.Corrosion is any chemical action that harms the properties of a metal1. It occurs when metals react with their environment, gradually deteriorating and forming more chemically stable oxides. Corrosion engineering focuses on controlling and preventing this process. Rusting, which results in red-orange iron oxides, is a well-known example of electrochemical corrosion1. 23) In engineering, people use a __________ to make straight cuts by applying pressure to shear the material Select one: A. hack-saw B. file C. claw hammer D. guillotine In engineering, people use a guillotine to make straight cuts by applying pressure to shear the material1. Guillotines are shearing machines equipped with sharp blades, where the upper blade descends against the lower blade to cut through sheet material. They are particularly effective for straight-line cuts and produce components with clean, precise edges. 24) Magnetic force is an example of a---------------- force. Select one: A. contact B. non-contact C. normal D. reaction Certainly! Magnetic force is an example of a non-contact force. It arises between electrically charged particles due to their motion and plays a fundamental role in phenomena like the action of electric motors and the attraction of magnets to iron1. 25) Mass and weight are not the same, but they are related. A book has a mass of 1.2 ----------and its weight is about 12 ---------------. Select one: A. kilograms/ newtons B. meters/ newtons C. newtons/ kilograms D. kilograms/ meters Certainly! Mass and weight are distinct concepts, but they are related. Let’s break it down: Mass: Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. It remains constant regardless of the object’s location. The standard unit for mass is kilograms (kg). Weight: Weight, on the other hand, depends on the gravitational force acting on an object. It is the force with which an object is pulled toward the center of the Earth (or any other massive body). The weight of an object can vary depending on its location. The standard unit for weight is newtons (N). Now, let’s apply this to the book: The book’s mass is 1.2 kilograms. Its weight is approximately 12 newtons (assuming standard Earth gravity). So, the correct answer is kilograms/ newtons. 26) Windlass, doorknob, capstan bars and waterwheel are examples of a/an ---------------. Select one: A. screw B. pulley C. wheel and axle D. inclined plane Certainly! Windlass, doorknob, capstan bars, and waterwheel are examples of a wheel and axle1. A wheel and axle is a simple machine consisting of a round disc (the wheel) and a long rod (the axle). Let’s explore some everyday examples: 1. Which simple machine consists of a grooved wheel with a rope or chain wrapped around it to lift heavy objects? Select one: A. Belly B. Bully C. Polly D. Pulley The simple machine you’re describing is a pulley. It consists of a wheel with a grooved rim and a rope, chain, or belt wound around it. The wheel rotates around an axle, allowing it to lift heavy objects effectively1. Pulleys are commonly used to reduce the effort required for lifting loads by transferring or reducing the weight experienced by the person applying force2. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask! 2. ---------- is a quality that makes things float in water. Select one: A. suspension B. buoyancy C. floatation D. buoy The quality that makes things float in water is buoyancy. When an object is placed in a fluid (such as water), it experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. This buoyant force counteracts the object’s weight, allowing it to float or remain suspended in the fluid. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 3. Levers are divided into --------- classes based on the location of the fulcrum and of the input and output forces. Select one: A. 3 B. 2 C. 4 D. 5 Levers are divided into three classes based on the location of the fulcrum and the input and output forces1. Let me explain each class: First-Class Lever: In a first-class lever, the fulcrum is located between the load and the effort. For example, a seesaw or a crowbar operates as a first-class lever. Second-Class Lever: In a second-class lever, the load is located between the fulcrum and the effort. A classic example is a wheelbarrow, where the wheel serves as the fulcrum, the load is the contents of the wheelbarrow, and the effort is applied by lifting the handles. Third-Class Lever: In a third-class lever, the effort is applied between the fulcrum and the load. Examples include tweezers, fishing rods, and your arm when you lift a weight. So, the correct answer is 3 classes of levers! If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 4. A material is said to be _________ if it returns to its original, unloaded dimensions when load is removed Select one: A. elastic B. soft C. plastic D. tensile A material is said to be elastic if it returns to its original, unloaded dimensions when the load is removed. Elasticity is the tendency of solid objects and materials to come back to their original shape after external forces causing deformation are no longer present. For example, a rubber band exhibits elasticity because it returns to its original size and shape when the stretching force is removed. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 5. --------- has only two components: a handle and a head. Select one: A. An abrasive wheel B. A hammer C. A drilling bit D. A punch The tool you’re describing, which has only two components—a handle and a head— is a hammer. Hammers are versatile hand tools used for driving nails, breaking objects apart, or striking surfaces. They typically consist of a handle (usually made of wood or metal) connected to a weighted head1. If you have any more questions or need further assistance, feel free to ask! 6. According to Newton's second law of motion, which of the following formula is correct? Select one: A. Force = weight x acceleration B. Force = mass x velocity C. Force = gravity x a constant D. Force = mass × acceleration Newton’s second law of motion establishes a relationship between the net force acting on an object and its acceleration, considering the object’s mass. The correct formula for Newton’s second law is: 𝐹=𝑚.𝑎 Where: (F) represents the net force acting on the object. (m) is the mass of the object. (a) denotes the acceleration of the object1. In other words, the acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass. If the net force doubles, the acceleration will also double. Conversely, if the mass doubles, the acceleration will be halved. Remember that force is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, and the same applies to acceleration1. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 7. Water or heat can weaken adhesive joints. Then vibration can cause them ___________ overtime, no matter how tightly they are screwed to bolts. Select one: A. to loosen B. work loose C. be loosened D. to work loose Water or heat can weaken adhesive joints. Then vibration can cause them to work loose overtime, no matter how tightly they are screwed to bolts. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 8. Balanced forces act on objects that are----------------. Select one: A. rising B. falling C. in motion D. stationary Balanced forces act on objects that are stationary. When the net force acting on an object is zero, it remains at rest or maintains a constant velocity. In other words, the forces pushing or pulling the object are balanced, resulting in no overall acceleration. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask! 9. Friction between parts in a car engine is best reduced by -------------------- Select one: A. detergent B. motor oil C. petrol D. brake fluid Friction between parts in a car engine is best reduced by motor oil. Motor oil is specifically designed to lubricate the moving parts inside an engine, reducing friction and wear, and helping to keep the engine running smoothly. Detergent is used for cleaning, petrol is a fuel, and brake fluid is used in the braking system to transfer force when the brakes are applied. None of these serve the purpose of reducing friction in an engine like motor oil does. 10.Which of the following statement is NOT true? Select one: A. If the load goes beyond the elasticity of the material, the component will not return to its original shape. B. Elasticity means a material can deform and still return to its original shape whereas plasticity means the opposite. C. Elasticity means a material can deform and still return to its original shape D. A good example of elasticity is a ductile material which is so soft that it can be drawn out into wire. The statement that is NOT true is: “A good example of elasticity is a ductile material which is so soft that it can be drawn out into wire.” This statement is incorrect because it confuses the concepts of elasticity and ductility. Elasticity refers to a material’s ability to return to its original shape after being deformed, while ductility refers to a material’s ability to be drawn out into a wire. A ductile material may not necessarily be elastic, as it can undergo permanent deformation when stretched. 11.Newton's laws states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion ------------it is acted upon by an external force. Select one: A. so that B. if C. so D. unless The correct choice to complete the sentence based on Newton’s laws is: unless The complete sentence would be: “Newton’s laws state that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless it is acted upon by an external force.” This is a reference to Newton’s First Law of Motion, also known as the law of inertia. 12.There is always some-------------- when 2 touching objects move relative to one another Select one: A. tension B. corrosion C. reaction D. friction The correct answer is: friction Friction is the force that slows objects down when they rub against each other, which occurs when two touching objects move relative to one another1. 13.What is the purpose of a clamp in engineering? Select one: A. Testing electrical circuits B. Cutting materials C. Measuring angles D. Holding materials firmly in place The purpose of a clamp in engineering is to hold materials firmly in place. It is not used for testing electrical circuits, cutting materials, or measuring angles. Clamps are essential tools in various tasks to secure objects tightly together to prevent any movement or separation, allowing for precision and safety in the work being carried out. 14.Wedge is one kind of simple machines that__________ Select one: A. can split an object apart B. is similar to a see-saw that can lift an object C. reduces the friction of moving something D. uses a rope and can change the direction of a force A wedge is one kind of simple machines that can split an object apart. This simple machine works by applying force to a large surface area on the wedge, which is then magnified to a smaller area to do the actual work, such as splitting wood with an axe or piercing wood with a nail2. The wedge shape forces objects or substances apart, making it effective for cutting and splitting tasks. 15.Wheel and axle are one kind of simple machines that__________ Select one: A. is similar to a see-saw that can lift an object B. can split an object apart C. reduces the friction of moving something D. uses a rope and can change the direction of a force The correct answer is: reduces the friction of moving something The wheel and axle is a simple machine that reduces the friction involved in moving an object, making it easier to transport12. This is because the wheel turns around the axle, allowing for smoother movement over surfaces. 16. Chisels, hammers, files, hacksaws, pliers, screwdrivers are ------------------- ----. Select one: A. finishing and repairing tools B. measuring tools C. hand tools D. machine tools Chisels, hammers, files, hacksaws, pliers, screwdrivers are hand tools. 17.With the exception of mercury, all metals are _________ at room temperature. Select one: A. grease B. solid C. semiconductors D. liquid The correct answer is: solid With the exception of mercury, which is liquid at room temperature, all metals are solid at room temperature. 18.Which of the statements about mass below is INCORRECT? Select one: A. Mass is indestructible. B. Mass can be zero. C. Mass is not related to gravity and centrifugal force. D. Mass is commonly measured in kilograms and grams The statement that is INCORRECT is: Mass is not related to gravity and centrifugal force. Explanation: Mass is indestructible: This is generally correct as it aligns with the law of conservation of mass, which states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system. Mass can be zero: This is also correct. For example, photons (particles of light) are considered to have zero rest mass. Mass is not related to gravity and centrifugal force: This is incorrect. Mass is directly related to gravity; it is the property that causes objects to attract each other with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers (Newton's law of universal gravitation). Mass is also related to the centrifugal force experienced in a rotating reference frame, as this force depends on the mass of the object, the distance from the axis of rotation, and the angular velocity. Mass is commonly measured in kilograms and grams: This is correct. Kilograms and grams are standard units of mass in the International System of Units (SI). 19.A ------------- is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. It is common in woodworking, metalworking, and other similar trade and hobby. Select one: A. chisel B. drill C. file D. hammer The correct answer is: file Explanation: Chisel: A tool with a sharp cutting edge used for carving or cutting hard materials like wood or metal, but it is not primarily used for removing fine amounts of material. Drill: A tool used for making holes in materials, not for removing fine amounts of material in the way described. File: A tool specifically designed to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. Files are commonly used in woodworking, metalworking, and other trades for shaping, smoothing, and finishing surfaces. Hammer: A tool used for striking objects, such as driving nails or breaking things apart, not for fine material removal. 20. A tennis ball is dropped to the ground. What downward force is acting on the ball as it is falling? Select one: A. Buoyancy B. Elasticity C. Friction D. Gravity The correct answer is: Gravity Explanation: Buoyancy: This force acts in the opposite direction to gravity, typically in a fluid, and would push the ball up rather than down. Elasticity: This refers to the property of a material to return to its original shape after deformation, not a force that acts on a falling object. Friction: This is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact, but it does not act downward on a falling object. Gravity: This is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth, causing the tennis ball to fall downward. 21.Tools help us carry out particular tasks and functions. Hammers ------------ nails. Saws cut wood. Select one: A. loosen B. grip C. drive in D. cut The correct answer is: drive in Explanation: Loosen: Hammers are not used to loosen nails. Grip: Hammers do not grip nails. Drive in: Hammers are used to drive nails into a surface. Cut: Saws are used to cut wood, not hammers. 22.There is always some__________ when touching objects move relatively to one another Select one: A. reaction B. corrosion C. tension D. friction The correct answer is: friction Explanation: Reaction: While there is always an equal and opposite reaction according to Newton's third law, this doesn't specifically pertain to objects moving relative to one another. Corrosion: This refers to the gradual destruction of materials, usually metals, by chemical reaction with their environment, and is not related to the movement of objects. Tension: This refers to the force exerted by a material when it is stretched or pulled, not to the relative movement of touching objects. Friction: This is the correct term, as friction is the force that resists the relative motion of two surfaces in contact. 23.According to Figure 1, which of the following statements is true? Select one: A. b is the fulcrum, c is the load/resistance, a is the effort. B. b is the resistance/load, a is the fulcrum, c is the effort. C. b is the load/ resistance, c is the fulcrum, a is the effort. D. b and a are the fulcrum, c is the resistance/load The correct answer is: b is the resistance/load, a is the fulcrum, c is the effort. Explanation: In the given figure: a is the point at which the lever pivots, making it the fulcrum. b is the object being lifted or resisted, making it the load or resistance. c is where the effort or force is applied to lift the load, making it the effort. 24.When a car accelerates forward, what reaction force acts on the tires? Select one: A. Gravitational force B. Normal force C. Frictional force The correct answer is: Frictional force Explanation: When a car accelerates forward, the tires push backward against the road surface. According to Newton's third law of motion, there is an equal and opposite reaction force. The road pushes forward on the tires, providing the necessary force to accelerate the car. This forward reaction force is due to friction between the tires and the road surface, making it the frictional force. 1. Which of the following sentences is not correct? Select one A. With regenerative braking system the vehicle consumes and pollutes even when it is stationary B. Regenerative braking systems save energy. C. Regenerative braking systems recover heat and use it to power the car. D. Braking systems use friction, which wastes energy as heat. The incorrect statement is: “With regenerative braking system the vehicle consumes and pollutes even when it is stationary.” Explanation: Regenerative braking systems are designed to recover energy during braking, not consume or pollute. When a vehicle with regenerative braking slows down, it converts some of the kinetic energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery. This process helps save energy that would otherwise be lost as heat in traditional braking systems. The recovered energy can then be used to power the car, contributing to its overall efficiency. In contrast, traditional braking systems rely on friction, which generates heat and wastes energy. So, the correct statements are: Regenerative braking systems save energy. Regenerative braking systems recover heat and use it to power the car. Braking systems use friction, which wastes energy as heat. Feel free to ask if you have any more questions! 2. High carbon steel (iron with 0.7% to 1.4% carbon) is the hardest of the carbon steels but less ductile and malleable than mild steel. This material can be hardened and tempered and is commonly used to make ------------------ such as drills, files, saws. Select one A. machining components B. machine equipment C. cutting tools D. measuring devices High-carbon steel, with its carbon content ranging from 0.6% to 1.0%, is known for its hardness, strength, and wear resistance. It is commonly used to create cutting tools such as knives, saw blades, and drills. Additionally, high-carbon steel finds applications in springs, gear wheels, and other wear components12. So, the correct answer is “cutting tools”. 3. A/ An------------has a hard, rough surface for cutting or grinding. Select one A. steering wheel B. fly wheel C. abrasive wheel D. wheel hub An abrasive wheel has a hard, rough surface for cutting or grinding. These wheels are used to modify or prepare surfaces, including tasks such as shaping, cutting, grinding, sanding, polishing, and cleaning. They find applications in various industries, including construction, foundries, and engineering12. 4. Friction between parts in a car engine is best reduced by ---------------- ---- Select one A. motor oil B. water jet C. petrol D. detergent To reduce friction in a car engine, consider the following approaches: Regular Maintenance: Ensure all parts move smoothly by replacing worn or broken components and keeping everything clean and lubricated. Oil Change: Regularly change the engine oil. Over time, dirty oil can cause friction. Use Low-Friction Lubricants: Opt for lubricants designed to reduce heat and friction in the engine. Avoid Metal-on-Metal Contact: Prevent direct metal-to-metal contact between engine components. Among the options provided, motor oil is the most effective for reducing friction in a car engine 5. In most vehicles, conventional --------------comprise pads previously made from asbestos-based composites, but in performance cars, brake discs are often made out of ceramics. Select one A. rakes B. brakes C. brokes D. breaks In most vehicles, conventional brakes comprise pads previously made from asbestos-based composites, but in performance cars, brake discs are often made out of ceramics. 6. ------------------ is the ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed. Select one A. Elasticity B. Ductility C. Hardness D. Malleability The ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed is known as elasticity. When a material is elastic, it can deform under stress and then return to its original shape once the stress is removed. 7. ------------------------ is a machine tool that removes the metal as the work is fed against a rotating multipoint cutter. Select one A. Grinding machine B. Turning machine C. Drilling machine D. Milling machine A milling machine is a machine tool that removes metal as the work is fed against a rotating multipoint cutter. The milling cutter rotates at high speed and removes metal rapidly using multiple cutting edges. 8. In the event of a fire, --------------- extinguishers should not be used on this machine as it contains electrical circuits, and can therefore cause electrocution. Only a ------------- extinguisher should be used. Select one A. a carbon dioxide / oxygen B. water/ carbon dioxide C. a carbon / oxygen D. a carbon dioxide/water In the event of a fire, water extinguishers should not be used on this machine as it contains electrical circuits, and can therefore cause electrocution. Only a carbon dioxide extinguisher should be used. 9. The front wheels of a car are balanced so the braking force on both front wheels should be -----------------------. Select one A. different B. the same C. imbalanced D. irregular The braking force on both front wheels of a car should be the same. This balance ensures stable braking performance and prevents uneven wear on the brake components. When braking, equal force on both front wheels helps maintain control and stability during deceleration. 10.In science, -------------------------is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. Select one A. pressure B. elasticity C. buoyancy D. gravity In science, buoyancy is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object. This force allows objects to float or rise when placed in a liquid or gas. 11.Milling machines can perform a number of operations, some very complex, such as slot and keyway--------. Select one A. planing, drilling, debating B. cutting, planing, debating C. cutting, planing, drilling D. cutting, drilling, debating Milling machines can perform a variety of operations, including complex tasks such as slot and keyway cutting. These operations involve creating precise grooves or slots in a workpiece. Let’s explore the details: Slot Milling: Purpose: To create slots, keyways, or channels. Methods: Face Milling: Ideal for linear grooving but less suitable for nonlinear or complex slots. End Milling: Used for closed slots, non-linear profiles, and varying depths. Side Milling: Effective for a wide range of milling processes12. So, the correct answer is “cutting, planing, drilling”. 12.Which statement is not true about regenerative systems? Select one A. The Gen2 system replaces conventional steel ropes with flat coated steel belts. B. The flat, coated-steel belt eliminates the metal-to-metal effect of conventional systems. C. OTIS regenerative systems increases energy consumption up to 70 percent compared to conventional systems with non-regenerative drives. D. The Gen2 system does not require any additional polluting lubrication so it is cleaner for the environment The statement that is not true about regenerative systems is: OTIS regenerative systems increase energy consumption up to 70 percent compared to conventional systems with non-regenerative drives. In reality, regenerative systems are designed to save energy by recovering energy during braking and using it to power the system. They are more efficient than traditional non-regenerative systems, which dissipate energy as heat during braking. The Gen2 system, for instance, replaces conventional steel ropes with flat coated steel belts, eliminates metal-to-metal effects, and contributes to a cleaner environment by not requiring additional polluting lubrication. 13.The main function of the -------------- is to isolate the body of the vehicle from shocks and vibrations generated due to irregularities on the surface of roads. Select one A. wing B. dash board C. ignition D. suspension system The main function of the suspension system is to isolate the body of the vehicle from shocks and vibrations generated due to irregularities on the surface of roads. It helps maintain stability, comfort, and control by absorbing impacts and ensuring smooth driving. 14.A boy is cycling along a road. When he applies the brakes, which one of the following forces occurs between the brake pads and the wheels? Select one A. Gravity B. Stretching C. Magnetic D. Friction When a boy applies the brakes while cycling, the force that occurs between the brake pads and the wheels is friction. Friction opposes the motion of the wheels, causing the bicycle to slow down. It’s this frictional force that allows the brakes to work effectively and bring the bicycle to a stop. 15.Tools help us carry out particular tasks and functions. Hammers ------ ------ nails. Saws cut wood. Select one A. loosen B. grip C. cut D. drive in Certainly! Let’s complete the sentence: Hammers drive in nails. Saws cut wood. 16.------------------ is the ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed. Select one A. Hardness B. Malleability C. Ductility D. Elasticity The ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed is known as elasticity. When a material is elastic, it can deform under stress and then return to its original shape once the stress is removed. 17.------------- is a metal cutting operation, like any other process of machining, removing metal in comparatively smaller volume. The cutting tool used is an abrasive wheel having many numbers of cutting edges. Select one A. Shaping B. Drilling C. Grinding D. Welding Grinding is a metal cutting operation, like any other process of machining, removing metal in comparatively smaller volume. The cutting tool used is an abrasive wheel having many numbers of cutting edges1. 18.ABS is a thermoplastic which is---------------. Because it has high impact strength, it has applications where sudden loads may occur. Select one A. tough and durable B. tough and flexible C. brittle and durable D. ductile and durable ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) is a thermoplastic polymer composed of three primary monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Let’s explore its properties: Toughness and Durability: ABS provides good impact resistance and toughness, making it suitable for applications where sudden loads occur. Therefore, the correct answer is "tough and durable"12. 19.--------------- is a mechanism that slows and stops a car by friction, by pressing a disk against the axel of a wheel. Select one A. A brake pad B. A brake pedal C. A disk brake D. A screw jack A disk brake is a mechanism that slows and stops a car by friction, pressing a disk against the axle of a wheel. When the driver applies pressure to the brake pedal, hydraulic force activates the brake pads, creating friction with the rotating rotor12. 20.A------------is the frame of a vehicle, usually including the wheels and engine, onto which the metal covering is fixed. Select one A. dash board B. bonnet C. panel D. chassis The chassis is the frame of a vehicle, usually including the wheels and engine, onto which the metal covering is fixed1. 21.------------------------ is a machine tool that removes the metal as the work is fed against a rotating multipoint cutter. Select one A. Grinding machine B. Milling machine C. Drilling machine D. Turning machine A milling machine is a machine tool that removes metal as the work is fed against a rotating multipoint cutter. The milling cutter rotates at high speed and it removes metal at a very fast rate with the help of multiple cutting edges1. 22.With ---------------technology, Otis has created a superior system that eliminates the need for a machine room. Select one A. steel bell B. flat belt C. steel cable D. thick belt With flat belt technology, Otis has created a superior system that eliminates the need for a machine room1. 23.A threaded pin or rod with a head at one end, which is narrower at the point and is designed to be inserted into a material by turning using a driving device is a/an ---------------------. Select one A. screw B. adhesive C. rivet D. bolt A threaded pin or rod with a head at one end, which is narrower at the point and is designed to be inserted into a material by turning using a driving device is a bolt. 24.The movement of the jack converts ----------------- motion into ---------- -------------. Select one A. rotary/linear B. linear/rotary C. rotary/oscillating D. reciprocating/ rotary The movement of the jack converts rotary motion into linear. This is typically seen in mechanisms like a car jack, where turning the handle in a circular motion causes the jack to extend upwards in a straight line, lifting the car. So, the correct answer is: rotary/linear 25.Windlass, doorknob, capstan bars and waterwheel are examples of a/an ---------------. Select one A. wheel and axle B. inclined plane C. screw D. pulley Certainly! Let’s explore the options: Wheel and Axle: A wheel and axle simple machine consists of a round disc (the wheel) and a cylindrical rod (the axle). Depending on where the force is applied, we have two types: Force applied to the axle: Examples include bicycles, Ferris wheels, and windmills. Force applied to the wheel: Examples include pizza cutters, electric fans, and drills1. Inclined Plane: An inclined plane is a flat surface that is tilted at an angle. It allows you to move objects up or down with less force. Examples include ramps and sloping roads. Screw: A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylindrical rod. It’s used to hold things together or lift objects. Examples include screws used in construction and machinery. Pulley: A pulley is a wheel with a groove that holds a rope or cable. It helps lift heavy loads by changing the direction of force. Examples include flagpole pulleys and window blinds. Given the examples you provided, the correct answer is wheel and axle. Specifically: Doorknob: A doorknob acts as a wheel and axle. When you turn the knob, the force is applied to the axle, retracting the latch and allowing you to open or close the door with ease. Waterwheel: Waterwheels, used historically for various purposes, are also examples of wheel and axle machines. They come in different designs, such as overshot, undershot, and breastshot wheels2. So, the answer is wheel and axle! 26.Concrete beams have steel rods near the lower surface ------------- concrete is weak in tension. Select one A. since B. so C. because D. but Concrete beams are reinforced with steel rods (reinforcing bars) in order to resist internal tension forces within the cross section. Unlike wood and steel, which can withstand substantial tension stress, concrete may be safely stressed only in compression1. Therefore, the correct answer is “because”. 27.What auto system allows cars to automatically go over bumps and potholes and absorb shock without bumping the driver around? ------ ---------. Select one A. Suspension B. Steering C. Brake D. Ignition The suspension system in cars allows them to automatically go over bumps and potholes while absorbing shocks. It helps maintain a smooth ride by minimizing the impact felt by the driver and passengers. Vehicles with well-designed suspension systems can handle rough roads more comfortably. 12345 28.A -------------- cuts a circular piece to remove an intact core of material. Select one A. hole-saw B. guillotine C. shearing D. hacksaw A hole-saw is the tool that cuts a circular piece to remove an intact core of material. It’s commonly used for creating holes in wood, metal, or other materials. The hole-saw consists of a cylindrical saw blade with teeth around its edge, and it’s attached to a drill or other rotary tool to cut through the material. So, the answer is hole-saw! 🪚 🪚123 29.-------------is the wearing away of metals due to a chemical reaction. Select one A. Friction B. Lubrication C. Precaution D. Corrosion Corrosion is the wearing away of metals due to chemical reactions, mainly oxidation. It occurs when a gas or liquid chemically attacks an exposed surface, often a metal, and is accelerated by warm temperatures and by acids and salts. Normally, corrosion products (such as rust or patina) stay on the surface and protect it. However, removing these deposits reexposes the surface, and corrosion continues1. 🪚 30.The only thing you should be doing, when your tire ----------------, is pulling over to a safe place on the side of the road to change it out for your donut. Select one A. blows out B. blows off C. blows up D. blows down When your tire blows out, the safest action is to pull over to a safe place on the side of the road and change it out for your spare donut tire. Safety first! 31.The enclosed space usually at the back of a car where you can put your bags is the------------------. Select one A. bonnet B. boot C. hood D. fender The enclosed space usually at the back of a car where you can put your bags is called the boot. In the United States, it’s referred to as the trunk. 32.Since the ship is in equilibrium, the --------------- is zero, the magnitudes of B and W are the same. Select one A. resultant force B. reaction force C. weight D. buoyancy force Since the ship is in equilibrium, the reaction force is zero, and the magnitudes of the center of buoyancy (B) and the weight (W) are the same. This balance ensures that the ship remains stable and properly afloat. 12 33.In the event of a fire water extinguishers should not be used on the main red machine in the center as it ----------------- electrical circuits, and can therefore cause electrocution. Select one A. includes B. is made up of C. contains D. is made from In the event of a fire, water extinguishers should not be used on the main red machine in the center because water conducts electricity, and using it could cause electrocution. Instead, consider using a CO2 fire extinguisher (carbon dioxide) or a dry powder fire extinguisher (ABC type). These options are safe for electrical fires and won’t conduct electricity or leave damaging residue12. Stay safe! 34.To dismantle a machine means------------ Select one A. to take apart assembled components B. to sell the machine. C. to reinstall it D. to assemble the machine. To dismantle a machine means to take it apart into separate pieces. For example, if you’re troubleshooting a washing machine, you might dismantle it to identify and fix the problem. However, putting it back together can sometimes be a challenge! 12 35.A crankshaft - related to crank - is a mechanical part able to perform a conversion between 2 types of motion. In a reciprocating engine, it translates ----------------- motion of the piston into ----------------- motion. Select one A. reciprocating/ rotational B. oscillating/ reciprocating C. reciprocating/ oscillating D. rotational/ reciprocating Certainly! Let’s break down the motion of a crankshaft and its relationship with the piston: Reciprocating Motion: The piston in a reciprocating engine moves up and down within individual cylinders. This motion is called reciprocating motion. Rotational Motion: The crankshaft converts the piston’s reciprocating motion into rotational motion. As the crankshaft rotates, it drives other components (such as the flywheel) and generates the necessary torque for the engine’s operation. Therefore, the correct pair is reciprocating/rotational. For more details, you can explore the geometry and equations related to piston motion1. 1: Piston motion equations - Wikipedia 36.Mechanical fixings cannot be used for this type of material and in this machine design, -------------- can be totally suitable in this case. Select one A. Bolts B. Adhesive C. Rivets D. Screws When mechanical fixings are unsuitable for a specific material or machine design, adhesive bonding can be a suitable alternative. Adhesives provide strong, reliable bonds without the need for traditional nuts, bolts, rivets, or screws. They work well for joining dissimilar materials and can distribute stress more evenly. Remember to choose the right adhesive type based on the specific requirements of your application! 123 37.A ------------- is a tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece. It is common in woodworking, metalworking, and other similar trade and hobby. Select one A. chisel B. file C. drill D. hammer A file is a mechanical tool used to remove fine amounts of material from a workpiece by friction. It is commonly used in applications like woodworking, metalworking, and other similar trades1. 🪚 38.Windscreens are made of a special ------------glass to protect drivers in accidents. Select one A. malleable B. elastic C. hard D.

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