40 Questions
What occurs to friction force once movement is achieved?
It decreases
What is a necessary precaution when working with machine tools or equipment with rotating spindles?
Removing jewelry and loose clothes
What is the most suitable alternative to mechanical fixings for a particular material and machine design?
Welding
What is the primary function of a pulley?
To change the direction of applied force
What is an obstacle to recycling timber?
The frequent need to remove ironmongery
What type of friction is harder to overcome?
Static friction
What is the purpose of combining machines together?
To form complex machines
Why is it essential to remove jewelry and loose clothes when working with machine tools?
To prevent accidents and hazards
What is the main purpose of a face shield?
To protect the face from flying chips and sparks
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
Machines can be combined together to form simple machines.
What is the primary concern in any workshop or industrial setting?
Safety
What type of machine is a seesaw?
A simple machine
What is the purpose of welding in a machine design where mechanical fixings are not suitable?
To create a permanent joint
What is the primary function of a machine?
To multiply and change the direction of a force
What is the purpose of a pulley in a belt drive?
To change the direction of the belt
What type of personal protective equipment must be worn when using machinery that gives off sparks or little parts?
Face shield
What is elasticity in terms of material properties?
The ability of materials to retain their original shape after deformation
What is a characteristic of a hammer?
It has only two components: a handle and a head
What is the correct formula according to Newton's second law of motion?
Force = mass x acceleration
What happens to the acceleration of an object if the net force doubles?
It doubles
What is the relationship between the net force and acceleration according to Newton's second law of motion?
Acceleration is directly proportional to the net force
What is the likely cause of a car or truck not responding when you accelerate or stumbling as it increases in speed?
Clogged fuel filter
What is a property of force and acceleration?
They are vector quantities
What happens to the acceleration of an object if the mass doubles?
It halves
During which stroke does an engine likely fail due to too much air entering the cylinder?
Intake stroke
What is the symbol 'm' in Newton's second law of motion?
Mass of the object
What is the primary function of a soldering iron?
Heating and connecting metal objects together
What is true about friction in the context of a car's performance?
Not all friction is harmful
What is the result of a clogged fuel filter on a car's engine?
Restricted fuel flow and stumbling during acceleration
What happens when too much air enters a cylinder during the intake stroke?
A lean mixture is created, which can lead to engine failure
What is NOT a common use for a soldering iron?
Making holes or inserting and removing screws
What is the opposite of a 'lean mixture' in an engine?
Rich mixture
What type of machine is a doorknob an example of?
Wheel and axle
What is the purpose of steel rods in concrete beams?
To resist internal tension forces within the cross section
What type of machine is a waterwheel an example of?
Wheel and axle
Why is concrete reinforced with steel rods?
Because concrete is weak in tension
What system in cars allows them to automatically go over bumps and potholes?
Suspension system
What tool is used to cut a circular piece to remove an intact core of material?
Hole-saw
What is the benefit of a well-designed suspension system in cars?
Handling rough roads more comfortably
What is the purpose of a hole-saw?
To cut a circular piece to remove an intact core of material
Study Notes
Pulleys and Machines
- A pulley is a device with a wheel that has a grooved rim in which a rope or belt can wind through.
- Pulleys are used to change the direction of applied force and to control the tension and slack in a belt drive.
Machines
- Machines are used to multiply and change the direction of a force.
- Simple machines can be combined together to form complex machines.
- Machines can be designed to increase speed through mechanisms like gears.
Safety Precautions
- A face shield must be worn when using machinery that gives off sparks or little parts.
- Jewelry, loose clothes, and other accessories must be removed when working with machine tools or other equipment with rotating spindles to prevent accidents and hazards.
Car Troubleshooting
- If a car or truck doesn’t respond when you accelerate or stumbles as it increases in speed, the issue is likely related to the fuel filter.
- A clogged fuel filter can restrict the flow of fuel to the engine, causing a lack of power and performance issues such as stumbling during acceleration.
Engine Issues
- If the engine failed, it likely failed during the intake stroke because this is the phase where the air-fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder.
- If too much air enters, it can cause a lean mixture, which may lead to engine failure.
Tools and Equipment
- A soldering iron is a hand tool used in soldering that supplies heat to melt solder so that it can flow into the joint between two workpieces.
- A hammer is a versatile hand tool used for driving nails, breaking objects apart, or striking surfaces, consisting of a handle and a head.
Friction
- Not all friction is harmful.
- Friction force decreases once movement is achieved because starting movement (overcoming static friction) is harder than continuing it (overcoming kinetic friction).
Material Selection and Design
- Welding is suitable for materials and machine designs where mechanical fixings are not suitable.
- An obstacle to recycling timber is the frequent need to remove ironmongery and saw or plane off damaged edges, because this can make the process costly.
Newton's Second Law of Motion
- Newton's second law of motion establishes a relationship between the net force acting on an object and its acceleration, considering the object's mass.
- The correct formula for Newton's second law is: F = m × a
A multiple-choice question about pulleys, specifically about changing the direction of force and controlling tension and slack in a belt drive.
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