Plate Boundaries Quiz PDF

Plate Boundaries Quiz Answers 1. Which type of seismic wave is not transmitted through liquid media? A. S-waves B. Surface waves C. P-waves D. Love waves Answer: S-waves (A) P-waves can travel through both solid and liquid layers, while S-waves cannot propagate through liquid media. 2. What is the m...

Plate Boundaries Quiz Answers 1. Which type of seismic wave is not transmitted through liquid media? A. S-waves B. Surface waves C. P-waves D. Love waves Answer: S-waves (A) P-waves can travel through both solid and liquid layers, while S-waves cannot propagate through liquid media. 2. What is the mechanical boundary between the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere called? A. LAB B. Moho C. Mantle D. Crust Answer: LAB (A) The LAB (Lithosphere Asthenosphere Boundary) is the mechanical boundary between the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere. 3. What is the chemical boundary between the Crust and the Mantle called? A. Moho B. Crust C. Mantle D. LAB Answer: Moho (A) The chemical boundary between the Crust and the Mantle is called the Moho (Mohorovičić discontinuity). 4. Which layer of the Earth is the weaker region of the upper mantle that deforms by viscous flow? A. Lithosphere B. Mantle C. Asthenosphere D. Crust Answer: Asthenosphere (C) The asthenosphere is the weaker region of the upper mantle that deforms by viscous flow. 5. What is the composition of the oceanic crust? A. Sedimentary rocks B. Gabbroic rocks C. Granitic rocks D. Basaltic rocks Answer: Basaltic rocks (D) The oceanic crust consists of basaltic rocks. 6. Who proposed the theory of continental drift? A. Vine and Matthews B. Motonori Matuyama C. Alfred Wegener D. Harry Hess Answer: Alfred Wegener (C) Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift. 7. What is the driving force behind plate tectonics? A. Gravitational pull of the Moon B. Convection of the mantle C. Rotation of the Earth D. Volcanic activity Answer: Convection of the mantle (B) Plate tectonics is driven by convection of the mantle. 8. Which type of rock undergoes textural and mineralogical changes as it is deformed, pressurized, and heated? A. Volcanic rock B. Igneous rock C. Metamorphic rock D. Sedimentary rock Answer: Metamorphic rock (C) Metamorphic rocks experience changes in texture and mineral composition due to the effects of heat, pressure, and deformation. 9. What are the three basic types of plate boundaries? A. Divergent, Convergent, and Transform B. Fault, Rift, and Transform C. Oceanic, Continental, and Transform D. Subduction, Collision, and Transform Answer: Divergent, Convergent, and Transform (A) The three basic types of plate boundaries are Divergent, Convergent, and Transform. Divergent boundaries occur where plates move apart, convergent boundaries occur where plates collide, and transform boundaries occur where plates slide past each other. 10. Where do transform plate boundaries occur? A. Where plates slide past each other B. Where plates sink beneath each other C. Where plates move apart D. Where plates collide Answer: Where plates slide past each other (A) Transform plate boundaries occur where plates slide past each other with a strike-slip motion. No new material is created or destroyed through subduction. 11. Which type of plate boundary occurs where plates pull apart and faults and earthquakes occur? A. Convergent B. Transform C. Subduction D. Divergent Answer: Divergent (D) Divergent plate boundaries occur where plates pull apart, resulting in the thinning of the crust and the production of volcanic rocks. 12. What type of rock is typically produced at divergent plate boundaries? A. Granite B. Rhyolite C. Basalt D. Gabbro Answer: Basalt (C) Divergent plate boundaries typically produce basalt, which is a fine-grained mafic rock with low silica and high iron content. 13. What type of plate boundary occurs where plates collide and the downgoing oceanic plate is subducted into the mantle? A. Convergent B. Spreading C. Divergent D. Transform Answer: Convergent (A) Convergent plate boundaries occur where plates collide, resulting in the subduction of the oceanic plate into the mantle and the formation of volcanic arcs. 14. What is the main cause of the formation of mountain belts in convergent continental plate boundaries? A. Volcanic eruptions B. Plate divergence C. Continental collision D. Earthquakes Answer: Continental collision (C) Mountain belts are formed in convergent continental plate boundaries due to the collision of two continents, resulting in the formation of a mountain belt and the preservation of slivers of oceanic material as ophiolites. 15. Which type of plate boundary occurs where one plate slides past another with a strike-slip motion? A. Subduction B. Transform C. Divergent D. Convergent Answer: Transform (B) Transform plate boundaries occur where one plate slides past another with a strike-slip motion. No new material is created, nor is material destroyed through subduction. 16. What type of rock is typically produced at subduction zones? A. Sedimentary B. Igneous C. Volcanic D. Metamorphic Answer: Metamorphic (D) Metamorphic rocks are produced in subduction regions and in areas of continent-continent collision. 17. Where is new lithosphere created? A. At subduction zones B. At arc systems above regions of collision C. At mid-ocean ridges D. At transform plate boundaries Answer: At mid-ocean ridges (C) New lithosphere is created at mid-ocean ridges where seafloor spreading occurs. 18. Which layer of the Earth is the weaker region of the upper mantle that deforms by viscous flow? A. Asthenosphere B. Mantle C. Crust D. Lithosphere Answer: Asthenosphere (A) The asthenosphere is the weaker region of the upper mantle that deforms by viscous flow. 19. What is the composition of the oceanic crust? A. Gabbroic rocks B. Granitic rocks C. Olivene D. Basaltic rocks Answer: Basaltic rocks (D) The oceanic crust consists of basaltic rocks. 20. Which type of plate boundary occurs where plates pull apart and faults and earthquakes occur? A. Divergent plate boundary B. Transform plate boundary C. Subduction zone D. Convergent plate boundary Answer: Divergent plate boundary (A) Divergent plate boundaries occur where plates pull apart and faults and earthquakes occur. 21. What is the driving force behind plate tectonics? A. Earth's rotation B. Magnetic field C. Gravitational force D. Mantle convection Answer: Mantle convection (D) Plate tectonics is driven by mantle convection. 22. What type of rock is typically produced at divergent plate boundaries? A. Rhyolite B. Granite C. Basalt D. Gabbro Answer: Basalt (C) Divergent (spreading) boundaries occur where plates pull apart, faults and earthquakes occur, and the crust thins, allowing the production of volcanic (igneous) rocks. These rocks are typically basalts (fine-grained) low in silica. 23. What type of rock is typically produced at convergent plate boundaries? A. Granite B. Basalt C. Rhyolite D. Gabbro Answer: Rhyolite (C) Convergent (subducting) boundaries occur where plates collide, faults and earthquakes occur, and the downgoing oceanic plate is subducted into the mantle and melts. The volcanic material produced at these boundaries tends to be silicarich andesites or rhyolites. 24. What type of plate boundary occurs where plates pull apart? A. Divergent B. Inconvergent C. Transform D. Convergent Answer: Divergent (A) Divergent (spreading) boundaries occur where plates pull apart, faults and earthquakes occur, and the crust thins, allowing the production of volcanic (igneous) rocks. These boundaries are typically located at midocean ridges. 25. What type of plate boundary occurs where plates collide and the downgoing oceanic plate is subducted into the mantle? A. Inconvergent B. Divergent C. Convergent D. Transform Answer: Convergent (C) Convergent (subducting) boundaries occur where plates collide, faults and earthquakes occur, and the downgoing oceanic plate is subducted into the mantle and melts. The volcanic material produced at these boundaries tends to be silicarich andesites or rhyolites. 26. Which type of seismic wave travels through both solid and liquid layers of the Earth? A. P-waves B. S-waves C. Love waves D. Rayleigh waves Answer: P-waves (A) P-waves are able to travel through both solid and liquid layers of the Earth, while S-waves are not transmitted through liquid media. 27. What is the mechanical boundary between the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere called? A. LAB B. Moho C. Crust D. Mantle Answer: LAB (A) The mechanical boundary between the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere is called LAB (Lithosphere Asthenosphere Boundary). 28. What is the composition of the oceanic crust? A. Basalt B. Granite C. Peridotite D. Plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene Answer: Basalt (A) The composition of the oceanic crust is primarily basalt, which is formed from solidified lava. 29. Which type of seismic wave travels through both solid and liquid layers of the Earth? A. P-waves B. Love waves C. Surface waves D. S-waves Answer: P-waves (A) P-waves are the fastest seismic waves and can travel through both solid and liquid layers of the Earth. They have a higher velocity in solid media and increase with depth. 30. Which type of plate boundary occurs where plates slide past each other horizontally? A. Transform plate boundary B. Convergent plate boundary C. Failed rift D. Divergent plate boundary Answer: Transform plate boundary (A) A transform plate boundary occurs where plates slide past each other horizontally. This movement can cause faults and earthquakes. 31. What is the mineralogical phase change associated with the Moho, the boundary between the Crust and the Mantle? A. Change from plagioclase feldspar to pyroxene B. Change from olivine to pyroxene C. Change from basalt to olivine D. Change from basalt to peridotite Answer: Change from basalt to peridotite (D) The Moho, or Mohorovičić discontinuity, is the chemical boundary between the Crust and the Mantle. It is associated with a mineralogical phase change from basalt (plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene) to peridotite (olivine + pyroxene), which results in an increase in density and seismic velocity. 32. Which type of plate boundary occurs where one plate slides past another with a strike-slip motion? A. Divergent B. Transform C. Convergent D. Subduction Answer: Transform (B) Transform plate boundaries occur where one plate slides past another with a strike-slip motion. The San Andreas Fault is an example of a transform plate boundary. 33. What type of rock is typically produced at subduction zones? A. Volcanic B. Sedimentary C. Metamorphic D. Igneous Answer: Metamorphic (C) Metamorphic rocks are produced in subduction regions. The intense heat and pressure in these areas cause existing rocks to undergo textural and mineralogical changes, resulting in the formation of metamorphic rocks. 34. Where is new lithosphere created? A. At transform plate boundaries B. At mid-ocean ridges C. At convergent plate boundaries D. At subduction zones Answer: At mid-ocean ridges (B) New lithosphere is created at mid-ocean ridges where seafloor spreading occurs. This is where new igneous material (basalt) is produced and the lithosphere is formed. 35. Which type of seismic wave travels through both solid and liquid layers of the Earth? A. Love waves B. S-waves C. P-waves D. Surface waves Answer: P-waves (C) P-waves are the fastest seismic waves and can travel through both solid and liquid layers of the Earth. 36. What is the mechanical boundary between the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere called? A. Moho B. Rayleigh waves C. Love waves D. LAB Answer: LAB (D) The mechanical boundary between the Lithosphere and Asthenosphere is called the LAB (Lithosphere Asthenosphere Boundary). It separates the rigid lithosphere from the weaker asthenosphere. 37. What is the mineralogical phase change associated with the Moho, the boundary between the Crust and the Mantle? A. Change from olivine to pyroxene B. Change from plagioclase feldspar to pyroxene C. Change from basalt to peridotite D. Change from basalt to olivine Answer: Change from basalt to peridotite (C) The mineralogical phase change associated with the Moho is the change from basalt (plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene) to peridotite (olivine + pyroxene). This phase change is accompanied by an increase in density and seismic velocity. 38. Which type of plate boundary is associated with the production of volcanic rocks? A. Divergent B. Convergent C. Transform D. None of the above Answer: Divergent (A) Divergent plate boundaries occur where plates pull apart, resulting in faults, earthquakes, and the production of volcanic rocks. 39. What type of rock is typically produced at divergent plate boundaries? A. Gabbro B. Basalt C. Granite D. Rhyolite Answer: Basalt (B) Divergent plate boundaries typically produce basalt, which is fine-grained and low in silica. 40. Which type of plate boundary is associated with the formation of mountain belts? A. Divergent B. Convergent C. Transform D. None of the above Answer: Convergent (B) Convergent plate boundaries, where plates collide, are associated with the formation of mountain belts. 41. Which type of plate boundary is associated with the subduction of oceanic plates? A. Divergent B. Convergent C. Transform D. None of the above Answer: Convergent (B) Convergent plate boundaries involve the subduction of oceanic plates into the mantle. 42. Which type of plate boundary is associated with the formation of mountains, such as the Alps and Himalayas? A. Divergent plate boundary B. Transform plate boundary C. Convergent plate boundary D. Passive plate boundary Answer: Convergent plate boundary (C) Convergent plate boundaries occur where plates collide, resulting in the formation of mountain belts. 43. What is the composition of the oceanic crust? A. Olivene B. Granitic rocks C. Gabbro D. Basaltic rocks Answer: Basaltic rocks (D) The oceanic crust is primarily composed of basaltic rocks. 44. Which scientist proposed a mechanism for how continents move, involving convection of the mantle? A. Alfred Wegener B. Harry Hess C. Motonori Matuyama D. Vine and Matthews Answer: Harry Hess (B) Harry Hess proposed the theory of plate tectonics, suggesting that convection of the mantle drives the movement of continents. 45. What type of plate boundary is associated with shallow earthquakes in narrow belts at mid-ocean spreading centers? A. Divergent plate boundary B. Transform plate boundary C. Passive plate boundary D. Convergent plate boundary Answer: Divergent plate boundary (A) Divergent plate boundaries, such as mid-ocean spreading centers, are associated with shallow earthquakes.