Wireless and Cellular Communications Questions PDF

1. What are the five major generations of wireless and cellular communications? - The five major generations of wireless and cellular communications are 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. 2. What improvements did the second generation (2G) bring to cellular communications? - The second generation (2G) introdu...

1. What are the five major generations of wireless and cellular communications? - The five major generations of wireless and cellular communications are 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. 2. What improvements did the second generation (2G) bring to cellular communications? - The second generation (2G) introduced digital transmissions on wider frequency bands with greater mobility and digital encryption of conversations. 3. What features were added in the third generation (3G) of wireless communications? - The third generation (3G) added several security features, transmission types, global roaming, and data transmission speeds ranging from 144 Kbps to a theoretical 2 Mbps. It also introduced features such as video conferencing, instant messaging, and cellular VoIP. 4. What are the data speeds provided by the fourth generation (4G) of wireless communications? - The fourth generation (4G) provides data speeds of 50 Mbps to 80 Mbps (LTE+) to a maximum distance of 31 miles (endpoint device to tower). 5. What frequency ranges are supported by the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communications? - The fifth generation (5G) of wireless communications is divided into Frequency range 1 (FR1), which supports the sub-6 GHz bands of earlier standards and the 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz spectrum, and Frequency range 2 (FR2), which supports the range 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. 6. What is a mobile hotspot? - A mobile hotspot is a device that creates a Wi-Fi network to share its cellular data connection (3G, 4G, 4G LTE, or 5G) with other Wi-Fi devices. 7. What are the two primary service protocols used for cellular phone systems? - The two primary service protocols used for cellular phone systems are Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and code division multiple access (CDMA). 8. What is the preferred roaming list (PRL) in mobile devices? - The preferred roaming list (PRL) in mobile devices is a priority-ordered list of other carrier networks and frequencies, which allows the device to maintain a connection by roaming on another carrier’s network when needed. 9. How are cellular connections enabled or disabled on non-cellular (Wi-Fi) devices? - On non-cellular devices, such as laptops or tablets, cellular connections must be configured and enabled manually. 10. What types of devices are generally enabled for communication to cellular data networks by default? - Cellular-enabled devices such as smartphones and some tablets are enabled for communication to cellular data networks by default. 11. What are the defined methods for configuring and enabling a connection to communication mediums on mobile devices running a full operating system? - Mobile devices running a full operating system, such as Windows, macOS, or Linux, have defined methods for configuring and enabling a connection to one or both of the communication mediums. 12. What is the process to enable or disable network communications over cellular or Wi-Fi networks on mobile devices? - Tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and smartphones running specialized versions of Windows or macOS, or Android or iOS, use specific processes to enable or disable network communications over either technology. 13. What is required for cellular communications to be configured and enabled on laptops and tablets? - Laptops and tablets require a Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) card or an embedded SIM (eSIM) to connect and communicate with a specific cellular network service. 14. What steps are involved in configuring and enabling a connection to the Internet using a cellular network on a Windows laptop? - 1. Insert the SIM card into its holder, slot, or USB modem. 2. Access the Start menu and open Settings. 3. Click on Network & Internet. 4. Select Cellular from the panel on the left. 5. Choose the desired Data Roaming Option and close Settings. 15. How can Wi-Fi be enabled or disabled on a Windows 10 system? - On a Windows 10 system, Wi-Fi can be enabled or disabled by accessing Settings, Network & Internet, and Wi-Fi, and using the slide switch. 16. Are the steps to make a Wi-Fi connection the same on smartphones and tablets compared to laptops? - Yes, the steps to make a Wi-Fi connection on a smartphone or tablet are essentially the same as on a laptop, with the settings being relatively intuitive. 17. What types of data and information can be synchronized between two devices? - Just about everything: e-mail messages, calendars and contacts, applications, photos, audio files, video files, browser bookmarks, documents, e-books, and even passwords. 18. Which application suites are mentioned in relation to synchronization processes? - Microsoft 365, Google Workspace, and Apple iCloud application suites. 19. What are the setup processes for synchronization of Apple iCloud to an Android device? - Access the Apps menu and select Settings. Choose Accounts and then Add An Account. Select the appropriate Account Type and, if necessary, the Account Sub-Type. Enter the e-mail address to be synchronized and its corresponding password. Provide the SMTP server ID and the related port number. Assign a name to the account and select Next to create the account. 20. How do you synchronize Google Workspace to an Android device? - Access the Gmail app, sign in, and choose the items to be synced. 21. How do you synchronize Google Workspace to an iOS device? - Choose Settings | Accounts & Passwords | Add Account | Gmail. Enter a name, address, and password and then click Next. Re-enter the address and click Next. Choose the items to be synced and click Done. 22. What steps are involved in setting up synchronization between Outlook (Exchange) and an Android device? - Open the Email app and sign in. Select Manually Setting and fill in the Domain/Username entry. Enter the Exchange server password and choose the Use Secure Connection (SSL) option. Set the frequency for checking updates. Give the account a name and tap Done. 23. How do you synchronize Outlook (Exchange) to an iOS device? - Add the account using Settings | Accounts & Passwords | Add Account and indicate the account type being added. Enter a name, e-mail address, e-mail password, and description, if desired, and tap Save. 24. What are baseband updates also known as? - Baseband updates are also known as over-the-air updates. 25. What updates are sent to cell towers as the PRL is updated? - Updates to the PRL are sent to cell towers as it is updated. 26. When are PRI updates needed for CDMA devices? - PRI updates may be needed if the network is evolving, the device is moving to a new network, or the device has a new owner. 27. What is the setup process for Bluetooth pairing? - The setup process for Bluetooth pairing involves two or more devices being paired to create a personal area network (PAN). 28. What is a scatternet in the context of Bluetooth? - A scatternet is a Bluetooth network topology that combines two PANs by linking a device from each side. 29. What technologies are commonly used in cellular location services to determine a device's location? - GPS, RFID, Wi-Fi, and cellular RF technology are commonly used in cellular location services. 30. What method is typically used to determine the general location of a trackable device? - Most cellular systems use the triangulation method to determine the general location of a trackable device. 31. What are some advantages and disadvantages of enabling location services on a mobile device? - Advantages of enabling location services include route-finding, emergency location tracking, and sharing location with selected friends. Disadvantages include potential safety concerns and the risk of privacy invasion. 32. What are some advantages of upgrading to an SSD from a magnetic disk for a laptop? - SSDs are faster, lighter, quieter, cooler, use less power, and lack mechanical parts easily damaged by bumps, drops, and travel. 33. What are the two types of M.2 SSDs and how do they connect to the bus? - The two types of M.2 SSDs are those that emulate SATA drives and NVMe drives. NVMe drives connect to the PCIe bus, which is much faster than the SATA bus. 34. Which form factor of HDDs and SSDs dominate laptop designs today? - 2.5-inch HDDs and SSDs dominate laptop designs today. 35. What is the form factor for RAM in portable devices and laptop PCs? - RAM for portable devices and laptop PCs has the small outline DIMM (SO-DIMM) form factor. 36. What are the different pin configurations for DDR3, DDR4, and DDR5 SODIMMs? - DDR3 and DDR3L cards use 204-pin SO-DIMMs, DDR4 cards use 260-pin SO-DIMMs, and DDR5 cards use 262-pin SO-DIMMs. 37. What precautions should be taken when installing RAM in a portable device? - When installing RAM in a portable device, remove all power, take ESD precautions, and if needed, consult the manufacturer's resources for guidance. 38. What information should be checked before buying and installing additional RAM in a portable device? - Before buying and installing additional RAM, check the existing RAM configuration, including the module size, clock speed, and timing. Also confirm the type of RAM required for the portable. 39. What are the two security flaws that can be produced by biometric systems? - The two security flaws produced by biometric systems are false negatives and false positives. 40. What is a false negative in the context of biometric systems? - A false negative occurs when the biometric scan of an authorized user results in the user being denied access. 41. What is a false positive in the context of biometric systems? - A false positive occurs when an unauthorized supplicant is granted access in error. 42. What is the purpose of the Windows Biometric Framework (WBF)? - The Windows Biometric Framework (WBF) provides native support for the interface, management, and control of biometric devices interfaced to a computer. 43. What is the purpose of near-field scanning? - Near-field scanning can safeguard a computer from harm by detecting electromagnetic interference (EMI) within a configured range of a device. 44. How does near-field scanning measure potential threats? - Near-field scanning measures the amount of voltage in a time period or by frequency and quantifies it to determine if a threat exists. 45. What are some laptop hardware and component issues you might deal with? - Some laptop hardware and component issues you might deal with include keyboard replacement, hard drive removal and installation, memory (SO-DIMM) types and their removal and installation, wireless card removal and installation, and biometric devices for authentication and identification security. 46. What are the components needed to successfully upgrade the RAM, wireless cards, and storage in a collection of laptops from different vendors? - To successfully perform the upgrade, you would need a service manual for each model, specialized tools, and specifications. 47. What are the five generations of cellular data networks and communication? - 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G. 48. What does the term 'Configure Manually' refer to when setting up an Exchange account? - It requires setting up an Exchange account using your email account, password, and other server-related information. 49. What does the term 'Sign In' refer to when setting up an Exchange account? - It requires only your email address and password, which are transmitted to the Exchange server for validation. 50. What is one caution to be mindful of when synchronizing data to or from a cell phone or smartphone? - Keep the data transfer capacity limit (data cap) in mind to avoid additional charges. 51. What is a mobile hotspot device? - It is a device that creates a Wi-Fi network to share its data connection with other Wi-Fi devices, also known as tethering. 52. What are the primary service protocols for cellular phone systems? - Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and code division multiple access (CDMA). 53. What is the purpose of Mobile Application Management (MAM)? - It is a methodology for mobile software development and covers operations of mobile software, including corporate email configuration, two-factor authentication, and corporate applications on mobile devices. 54. What does data synchronization help to ensure? - It helps to ensure that the same data is available on different devices. 55. What is a touch pen also known as? - A touch pen is also known as a stylus. 56. What are the different ways that headsets can connect to mobile devices? - Headsets can connect to mobile devices via traditional 3.5-mm mini-jacks, USB, or wirelessly via Bluetooth. 57. How can you increase the volume and make it easier for groups to hear music on mobile devices? - You can connect external speakers via 3.5-mm speaker jacks or wirelessly via Bluetooth. 58. What is a webcam? - A webcam is a small digital camera that can be connected to a computer to capture video images in real time. 59. What is the difference between a docking station and a port replicator? - A docking station connects to a proprietary port, whereas a port replicator connects via a standard port. 60. What is a trackpad? - A trackpad is a user interface device that senses downward pressure and movement that is converted into cursor or pointer locations and movements. 61. What is the purpose of a port replicator? - A port replicator provides a permanent home for video, network, and audio cables that you would otherwise attach to and detach from a laptop as you move it around. 62. What is the purpose of a docking station? - A docking station provides a host of single- and multi-function ports not available on the original laptop, such as a network port and an optical drive. 63. What are the three basic types of USB connectors? - The three basic types of USB connectors are Type-A, Type-B, and Type-C. 64. What is the main purpose of a USB connection? - The main purpose of a USB connection is to connect devices for data transmission and power supply. 65. What is the maximum number of USB devices that can be supported by a single USB jack? - A single USB jack has the capability of supporting as many as 127 USB devices using a series of unpowered USB hubs. 66. What is the difference between USB types and USB versions? - USB types refer to the physical connectors, while USB versions indicate the cabling and transfer speeds. 67. What is the advantage of a USB-C/Type-C connector? - A USB-C/Type-C connector is completely reversible and can be inserted into a plug with either side up. 68. What is the purpose of the micro-USB connector? - The micro-USB connector is used for connecting and charging mobile devices like MP3 players, smartphones, and cameras. 69. What are the objectives of the Mobile Devices Domain? - The objectives of the Mobile Devices Domain are to install and configure laptop hardware and components, compare and contrast the display components of mobile devices, set up and configure accessories and ports of mobile devices, and configure basic mobile-device network connectivity and application support. 70. What are some common laptop components that can be replaced or upgraded? - Some common laptop components that can be replaced or upgraded include keyboards, input devices, hard drives, and RAM. 71. What precautions should be taken when upgrading or replacing laptop components? - Electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions should be applied when upgrading or replacing laptop field replaceable units (FRUs). 72. What is the recommended resource for information on ESD protections and preventive measures? - The companion book 'Mike Meyers’ CompTIA A+ Core 2 Certification Passport (Exam 220-1102)' provides coverage on ESD protections and preventive measures. 73. What are the steps to replace a laptop keyboard? - The steps to replace a laptop keyboard vary depending on the model, but generally involve removing a retaining screw from the bottom of the laptop and pushing the keyboard up. 74. What are the different types of mass storage devices that can be used in a laptop? - The different types of mass storage devices that can be used in a laptop include hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and solid-state hybrid drives (HHDs or SSHDs). 75. What is the difference between 2.5-inch drives and 3.5-inch drives? - There is no significant difference between 2.5-inch drives and 3.5-inch drives. 76. How do you replace a hard drive in a laptop? - To replace a hard drive in a laptop, locate the hard drive hatch, remove the screws, detach the old hard drive, attach the mounting hardware to the new drive, and install it properly. 77. What are the three forms of LEDs? - The three forms of LEDs are negatively charged ions, positively charged ions, and OLED pixels. 78. What components can be found in a typical display panel of a mobile device? - A typical display panel of a mobile device can include the display itself, the Wi-Fi antenna, and the onboard webcam and microphone. 79. What is the difference between a display panel and a display assembly? - A display panel is essentially the 'lid' of the mobile PC, while a display assembly includes the display itself, its connecting wires, and components. 80. Why is finding a compatible display panel easier than finding a compatible display assembly? - The same panel can work in a wide variety of laptop models, making it easier to find a compatible display panel. Purchasing only a panel is also less expensive than purchasing an assembly. 81. What should be considered when swapping the panel only? - When swapping the panel only, it is important to note the placement of component wires and how they are routed around the panel. 82. What should be noted about the Wi-Fi antenna wires when swapping a display assembly? - When swapping a display assembly, it is important to note how the Wi-Fi antenna wires are connected to the wireless card. They might need to be moved out of the way and properly positioned when reconnecting. 83. Where is the webcam located in a typical laptop display assembly? - The webcam is built into the display assembly, usually at the top of the screen. 84. What is the purpose of an inverter in laptops with older LCD screens? - The purpose of an inverter is to convert DC power to AC power to control the backlight of LCD screens with cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) backlighting. 85. What are some examples of micro-USB cables shown in the course notes? - A micro-USB cable with a USB 3.0 connector and USB-C, micro-USB, and Lightning cables. 86. What are the commonly used micro-USB cables mentioned in the course notes? - The micro-USB to Type-A, micro-USB to Type-B, and USB 3.0. 87. Which type of mini-USB connector is commonly used in card readers, MP3 players, digital cameras, and many mobile PC storage devices? - The 5-pin Type-B mini-USB connector. 88. What year was the Lightning connector introduced? - 2012 89. What is the Lightning connector used for? - Charging and synchronizing Apple devices. 90. What is the main difference between a serial interface and a parallel interface? - A serial interface sends or receives data one bit at a time, whereas a parallel interface transmits data on a set of parallel carriers. 91. What technology uses chips embedded in mobile devices to create electromagnetic fields for contact exchange and payment transactions? - Near-field communication (NFC). 92. What is the range of Bluetooth implementations in mobile devices? - No more than 10 meters (about 33 feet). 93. What feature is used by mapping and location-based apps on mobile devices? - Location Services 94. What do you need to do to use a new Bluetooth headset after enabling Bluetooth and turning on the headset? - Pair the headset with the phone. 95. What types of data can be synchronized between a PC and another device? - All data 96. What did the addition of 3G provide in terms of security features? - Two-way authentication 97. What is the purpose of GSM SIM cards? - Portability and compatibility across service providers 98. What is the purpose of Apple's Location Services feature? - Providing location information to mapping and location-based apps 99. What must be done before using a new Bluetooth device with a mobile device? - Pair the new device with the mobile device 100. What are the advantages of 3G? - Faster data transmission speeds 101. What is the purpose of disabling location services on a mobile device? - Disabling location services on a mobile device can reduce the chance of location services being used for bad. 102. How can a mobile device's location still be determined even if location services are disabled? - Several applications, and even phone calls, connect to the nearest cell tower, which has a location. 103. What is GPS? - GPS stands for Global Positioning System, which is built into most mobile devices to determine the device's location. 104. What are some features of handheld GPS devices tailored to specific activities? - Features may include preloaded special-purpose maps, waterproofing, impact resistance, route memory, bookmarking, stored locations, low-power use, simple replaceable batteries, and other useful sensors or tools. 105. What does MDM stand for? - MDM stands for Mobile Device Management. 106. What is the purpose of MDM? - The purpose of MDM is to provide internal IT administrators with the information needed to manage and administer the security of a network. 107. What does MAM stand for? - MAM stands for Mobile Application Management. 108. What does MAM encompass in terms of mobile software? - MAM encompasses the entire software development life cycle (SDLC) process for mobile software developed internally or externally, as well as updates, fixes, and retirement of mobile software. 109. What do specialized tools help with? - Specialized tools help you open cases without breaking parts. 110. What do specifications inform you about? - Specifications inform you of standard features and supported upgrades. 111. What type of drives are the fastest mass storage devices? - NVMe drives using M.2 are the fastest mass storage devices. 112. Where are the modules for RAM upgrades located in most laptops? - Most laptops with upgradeable RAM have the modules under an easy-to-remove panel on the bottom of the case. 113. How does the performance of SSDs in the SATA form factor compare to SATA hard disk drives? - SSDs in the SATA form factor provide faster performance than SATA hard disk drives. 114. What determines the overall size of a mobile device? - The overall size of a mobile device is largely a function of its display's size and its technology. 115. What are the three types of LCD displays found in mobile devices? - The three types of LCD displays found in mobile devices are twisted nematic (TN), vertical alignment (VA), and in-plane switching (IPS). 116. What type of display consumes less power than an LCD? - An LED display consumes as much as 50 percent less power than an LCD. 117. What components are usually the easiest to replace in a computer? - RAM and hard drives 118. How can you remove a stick of RAM from a portable? - Push out the retaining clips and the RAM stick will pop up 119. What can happen if a system runs out of shared memory? - Performance can suffer 120. What can more system RAM improve? - Overall performance and video performance 121. What are the form factors used for wireless cards/Bluetooth modules? - Mini-PCIe and M.2 122. What is the objective of physical security for laptops? - To restrict physical access and logical access to private content 123. What are two methods used to secure laptops and their stored content? - Biometrics and near-field scanning 124. What are some common biometric scans used with laptops and mobile devices? - Voice recognition, fingerprint, recognition of facial features, iris or retina 125. What component provides the 'touch' part of a touchscreen in a laptop? - Digitizer 126. What are the two types of display panels that are commonly used in laptops? - LCD panel and OLED panel 127. What is the purpose of an inverter in older LCD screens with fluorescent backlights? - To provide power to the backlight 128. Where are the wireless antennas usually located in a laptop display assembly? - Top-left and top-right corners of the display 129. If a laptop screen is cracked but still works, what might be the most costeffective solution? - Replace the display panel 130. When an older laptop is not displaying anything, what component would you check first? - Inverter 131. Why might the Wi-Fi connection not work after swapping a laptop display assembly? - The Wi-Fi card was not reconnected to the wireless antennas 132. What should you do if a client's laptop webcam has failed before an important live chat? - Connect a USB webcam 133. What are the two factors commonly used in two-factor authentication? - A second security factor is commonly a phone number, a PIN code, or a generated code sent to the supplicant’s device. 134. What is the focus of application management on a mobile device? - The focus is on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of specific corporate applications. 135. What is the difference between MDM and MAM? - MDM focuses on centrally managing device updates and securing mobile devices, whereas MAM focuses on specific corporate applications. 136. What is the primary benefit of data synchronization on mobile devices? - Having the same data available on different mobile (and stationary) devices. 137. What are the three target categories for data synchronization? - Synchronizing to a desktop, synchronizing to the cloud, and synchronizing to an automobile. 138. How can mobile devices synchronize data with a desktop? - Mobile devices can synchronize data by connecting to a laptop or desktop computer via USB, Wi-Fi, or Bluetooth. 139. What are some examples of cloud services used for data synchronization? - NetApp’s Cloud Sync, Apple’s iCloud, and Microsoft Azure AD Connect. 140. How do automobiles use synchronization? - Automobiles use synchronization to push firmware and software updates to vehicle systems, and may also provide data back to the manufacturer. 141. Which of the following is not a wired connection type found on many mobile devices? - NFC 142. Bluetooth can be used for which of the following accessories? (Choose all that apply.) - Headset, Speaker 143. Your supervisor asks you about using a smartphone to make a payment at a convenience store. Which feature needs to be activated? - NFC 144. Your client has just purchased a new model iPad Pro. Which type of charge/ sync cable does she need to use? - USB-C 145. You’re prevented from connecting your laptop computer to a video display because the laptop lacks an HDMI port. Which of the following devices could be used to solve this problem? - Port replicator 146. Which technology introduced the fourth-generation (4G) long-term evolution (LTE) cellular technologies for mobile network access? - Cellular networks 147. What does a Wi-Fi network connection apply? - IEEE 802.11 standard 148. What type of communication are Wi-Fi communications? - Over the air radio frequency (RF) communications