Effective Nuclear Charge & Periodic Trends PDF

## Effective Nuclear Charge & Periodic Trends ### Multiple Choice 1. Elements Y and X are compared. Element Y has a larger radius than Element X. Based on this, you could say: A. Element Y is further to the left side of the periodic table. B. Element X is closer to the top of the periodic...

## Effective Nuclear Charge & Periodic Trends ### Multiple Choice 1. Elements Y and X are compared. Element Y has a larger radius than Element X. Based on this, you could say: A. Element Y is further to the left side of the periodic table. B. Element X is closer to the top of the periodic table. C. Elements Y and X are probably in the same group. D. A and B are correct 2. Atomic radius generally increases as elements move: A. down a group and from right to left across a period B. up a group and from left to right across a period C. down a group and from left to right across a period D. up a group and from right to left across a period 3. The atomic radius of main-group elements generally increases down a group because the: A. effective nuclear charge increases down a group B. effective nuclear charge decreases down a group C. effective nuclear charge zigzags down a group D. the principal quantum number of the valence orbitals increases 4. Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? A. O B. F C. S D. Cl 5. Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? A. Sr B. Ca C. K D. Rb 6. Which one of the following atoms has the smallest radius? A. Na B. Cl C. P D. Br 7. Which one of the following atoms has the largest radius? A. I B. Co C. Ba D. Sr 8. Which one of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? A. Se B. As C. S D. Sb 9. Which one of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? A. O B. F C. Al D. P 10. In which of the following atoms is the 2s orbital closest to the nucleus? A. S B. Cl C. P D. Si 11. Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing size (smallest to largest)? A. F < K < Ge < Br < Rb B. F < Ge < Br < K < Rb C. F < K < Br < Ge < Rb D. F < Br < Ge < K < Rb 12. In which of the following atoms is the 3s orbital closest to the nucleus? A. Br B. Cl C. At D. I 13. Which of the following correctly lists the five atoms in order of increasing size (smallest to largest)? A. O < F < S < Mg < Ba B. F < O < S < Mg < Ba C. F < O < S < Ba < Mg D. O < F < S < Ba < Mg 14. The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons is best quantified by the atoms A. paramagnetism B. diamagnetism C. electronegativity D. first ionization potential 15. Electronegativity ______ from left to right within a period and ______ from top to bottom within a group. A. decreases, increases B. increases, increases C. increases, decreases D. stays the same, increases 16. Of the atoms below, ______ is the most electronegative. A. Br B. O C. Cl D. F 17. Of the atoms below, ______ is the most electronegative. A. Si B. Cl C. Rb D. Ca 18. Of the atoms below, ______ is the least electronegative. A. Rb B. F C. Si D. Cl 19. Which of the elements below has the largest electronegativity? A. Si B. Mg C. P D. S 20. In general, as you go across a period in the periodic table from left to right: the atomic radius ______; the electronegativity ______; and the first ionization energy ______. A. decreases, decreases, increases B. increases, increases, decreases C. increases, increases, increases D. decreases, increases, increases 21. The first ionization energies of the elements ______ as you go from left to right across a period of the periodic table, and ______ as you go from the bottom to the top of a group in the table. A. increase, increase B. increase, decrease C. decrease, increase D. decrease, decrease 22. Of the choices below, which gives the order for first ionization energies? A. Cl > S > Al > Ar > Si B. Ar > Cl > S > Si > Al C. Al > Si > S > Cl > Ar D. Cl > S > Al > Si > Ar 23. Of the following atoms, which has the largest first ionization energy? A. Br B. O C. C D. P 24. Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A. Na B. Al C. Se D. Cl 25. Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A. K B. Rb C. Sr D. Ca 26. Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A. Se B. As C. S D. Sb 27. Of the following elements, which has the largest first ionization energy? A. B B. N C. P D. Si 28. Of the elements below, ______ has the largest first ionization energy. A. Li B. K C. Na D. H 29. ______ have the lowest first ionization energies of the groups listed. A. Alkali metals B. Transition metals C. Halogens D. Alkaline Earth metals 30. Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of aluminum? A. Al-(g) → Al(g) +e- B. Al(g) → Al(g) +e- C. Al(g) + e¯→ Al¯(g) D. Al(g) → Al+(g) +e- 31. Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of aluminum? A. Al+(g) + e¯ Al(g) B. Al(g) → Al+(g) +e- C. Al+(g) → Al^2+(g) + e- D. Al+(g) +e¯ → Al^2+(g) 32. Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of phosphorus? A. P(g) +e¯ P-(g) B. P(g) → P-(g) + e¯ C. P(g) → P+(g) + e¯ D. P¯(g) → P(g) + e¯ 33. Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of phosphorus? A. P+(g) + e¯→ P^2+(g) B. P(g) → P+(g) + e¯ C. P¯(g) + e¯→ P^2-(g) D. P+(g) → P^2+(g) +e- 34. Which equation correctly represents the first ionization of barium? A. Ba(g) → Ba+(g) + e¯ B. Ba(g) → Ba¯(g) + e¯ C. Ba(g) + e → Ba¯(g) D. Ba¯(g) → Ba(g) + e¯ 35. Which of the following correctly represents the second ionization of calcium? A. Ca(g) → Ca*(g) + e¯ B. Ca⁺(g) → Ca^2+(g) + e- C. Ca¯(g) + e → Ca^2-(g) D. Ca⁺(g) + e¯ → Ca^2+(g) 36. Of the elements below, ______ is the most metallic. A. Na B. Mg C. Al D. K 37. The list that correctly indicates the order of metallic character is ______. A. B > N > C B. F > Cl > S C. Si > P > S D. P > S > Se 38. Between which two elements is the difference in metallic character the greatest? A. Rb and O B. O and I C. Rb and I D. Li and O 39. What is the effective nuclear charge on a valence electron in Se? A. 34 B. 14 C. 18 D. 16 40. What is the effective nuclear charge on a valence electron in Cs? A. 1 B. 55 C. 32 D. 20 41. What is the effective nuclear charge on a valence electron in B? A. 2 B. 5 C. 3 D. 9 42. What is the effective nuclear charge on a valence electron in Pb? A. 20 B. 82 C. 28 D. 53 43. A valence electron in which of the following elements has the highest effective nuclear charge? A. F B. Ga C. Rb D. Si 44. A valence electron in which of the following elements has the highest effective nuclear charge? A. O B. Cs C. Cl D. Ca