Self as a Cognitive Construction PDF

The SELF as a COGNITIVE CONSTRUCTION Understandings the Self Jennifer Divina Joan Catherine Bobis What is SELF? ° Write at least 2 to 3 sentences about 'self'. Psychology is a rather new field in the social sciences unlike Sociology and Anthropology that investigates the structures of society...

The SELF as a COGNITIVE CONSTRUCTION Understandings the Self Jennifer Divina Joan Catherine Bobis What is SELF? ° Write at least 2 to 3 sentences about 'self'. Psychology is a rather new field in the social sciences unlike Sociology and Anthropology that investigates the structures of society as a whole culture of a large group of people. Psychology focuses on the individual. It is interested in the functions and processes of the brain, mind and behavior related to mental functions of a person. As you have all written earlier, there are various definition of the 'self and other similar or interchangeable concept in psychology. William James - was the one of the earliest psychologist to study the 'self' and conceptualized the self as having two aspects The 'I' and 'ME' * The 'I' is the thinking , acting and feeling self. * The 'ME' on the other hand is the physical characteristics as well as psychological capabilities that makes who you are  Carl Rogers also used the term I and ME * 'I' as the one who acts and decides. * 'ME' is what you think or feel about yourself as an object. the "I" is the individual's subjective sense of who they are, including their values, beliefs, and experiences. The "ME" is the individual's perception of themselves, which is formed by their experiences and interactions with the CARL ROGERS world around them.  Other concepts similar to self are IDENTIFY and SELF CONCEPT. SELF IDENTITY * Is composed of personal characteristics, social roles and responsibilities , as well as affiliations that define who one is. SELF CONCEPT * is what basically comes to your mind when you are asked about who you are Self Identity and Self Concept are not fixed in one frame. They are not also fixed for life nor are they ever changing at every moment. SIGMUND FREUD Sigmund Freud saw the SELF , its mental processes and one's behavior as the results of the interaction between the ID, the EGO and SUPEREGO. ID - the impulse part of your personality that is driven b pleasure and repulsive pain. (Instinct ) EGO - the conscious part of your personality the mediates between the Id and the Superego and it makes decisions. ( reality) SUPEREGO - the judgemental and morally correct part of your personality. ( morality)  NATURE and NURTURE perspective Under the theory of symbolic interaction. G.H. Mead argue that the self is created and developed There are three reason why self and Identity are social product. 1. We do not create ourselves out for nothing. 2. Whether we like to admit it or not, we actually need others to affirm and reinforce who we think we are. 3. What we think is important to is may also have been influenced by what is important in our social or historical context. George Herbert Mead There are times when we are aware of our self-concept also called self-awareness. CARVER and SCHEIER identified two types of self that we can ba aware of. 1. PRIVATE SELF - your internal standard and private thoughts and feelings. 2. PUBLIC SELF - your public image commonly geared toward having a good presentation of yourself to others. Three other self-schema / self-awareness 1. ACTUAL SELF - who you are at the moment. 2. IDEA SELF - who you like to be. 3. OUGHT SELF - who you think you should be. How does it feel to be compared with others?  Self awareness may be positive or negative depending on the circumstances and our next course of action. It can keep you from doing something dangerous; can be too much that we are concerned about being observed and criticized by other , also known as self consciousness.  One of the way in which our social relationships affect our self-esteem through social comparison DOWNWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON - the common type of comparing ourselves with others. We create a positive self-comcept by comparing ourselves with those who are more off than us. UPWARD SOCIAL COMPARISON - comparing ourselves with those who are better off than us. The three 1. We distance ourselves from way we that person or redefine our usually relationship with them. react. 2. We may also reconsider the Importance of the aspect or skill in which you 3. We may strengthen our were outperformed. resolve to improve that certain aspect of ourselves. However, in the attempt to increase or maintain self-esteem, some people become narcissistic. NARCISSISTIC - is a trait characterized by merely high self-esteem, some self-admiration and self-centered People with high self-esteem are commonly described as outgoing adventurous and adaptable in a lot of situations. THANK YOUU!!