Presentation 16 Wild West P2.pdf

Sioux and Cheyenne Resistance Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 Assures extensive lands restricted from whites In upper Great plains Pikes Peak Gold Rush of 1858 White miners flood in Colorado Violent fighting Renegotiated Treaty Only agreed to by some tribes Took major...

Sioux and Cheyenne Resistance Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 Assures extensive lands restricted from whites In upper Great plains Pikes Peak Gold Rush of 1858 White miners flood in Colorado Violent fighting Renegotiated Treaty Only agreed to by some tribes Took major parts of lands away Many Indians continue resistance Sand Creek Massacre Colorado militia raid Cheyanne camps Led by Colonel John Chivington Chiefs wanting peace invited to Fort Lyon Brought tribes peacefully Attacked by Chivington 1864 Most killed and mutilated Most women and children Fetterman Massacre Montana Gold Rush of 1863 Attracts whites up Bozeman Trail Splits from Oregon Trail in Wyoming Whites violating Fort Laramie Treaty Violent fighting US military defending whites Indians led by Red Cloud Of Lakota Sioux tribe So fighting called Red Cloud’s War Captain William J. Fetterman’s troops Ambushed and killed 1866 US withdrawal and new Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 Smaller Great Sioux Reservation Promise no white infringement Comanche Resistance Medicine Lodge Creek Treaty 1867 Led by General William T. Sherman Put Comanche on reservation in Indian Territory But Comanche still left To raid and hunt War with US 1871-73 Quanah Parker Comanche Chief Led war, then surrender and reservation Grant’s Peace Policy President Grant Attempt to make reservations better for Indians Taking US army troops away from policing them Replace corrupt Indian agents who managed them With Christian missionaries Appointed Ely S. Parker Head of Bureau of Indian Affairs Grant’s old Civil War secretary First Native American in position But tensions between whites and Indians continue By 1870’s known as Great Plains War Or also as Plains Indians War Black Hills War A part of the Great Plains War Black Hills Gold Rush 1875 Attracts whites to South Dakota Violating the Great Sioux Reservation Renewed fighting Lakota Sioux leaders Sitting Bull warrior and shaman Crazy Horse warrior Battle of Little Big Horn George A. Custer Union cavalry officer Commander of 7th Cavalry during Black Hills War Ambushed at Little Big Horn Creek 1876 In Montana Custer and half of his 250 men casualties Custer’s Last Stand Crazy Horse later surrenders US alters Great Sioux Reservation And takes Black Hills Nez Perce Resistance Nez Perce led by Chief Joseph In Oregon and Idaho After years of fighting US Tried to migrate tribe to Canada in 1877 Known as Nez Perce Retreat But caught, captured Reservation in Oklahoma Apache Resistance Apache led by Geronimo In Arizona and New Mexico Longest Indian resistance About 15 years Surrendered in 1886