Preboard M2 PDF Biochemistry & Pharmacognosy

MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY PHARMACOGNOSY 6. It is formed when skimmed milk is treated with rennin A. Cheese 1. The...

MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY PHARMACOGNOSY 6. It is formed when skimmed milk is treated with rennin A. Cheese 1. The principal ingredients and their derivatives B. Whey are derived from biological drugs, either C. Kumyss synthetically or semi-synthetically D. Coagulum manufactured. A. Crude drugs 7. Lactulose is metabolized into these acids, which B. Drug Constituents produce irritating and laxative effects C. Natural products A. Acetic and Lactic acid D. Biologics B. Citric and Acetic acid C. Lactic and Citric acid 2. A procedure for extraction in which the sample D. NOTA is immersed in solvent for an extended amount of time. 8. It is the action of nitric and sulfuric acids on A. Infusion cotton B. Decoction A. Methylcellulose C. Digestion B. Pyroxylin D. Maceration C. Insoluble Guncotton D. B and C 3. The identity of the constituents vary according to the stage of development of the plant. 9. The scientific name of Ponkan A. Heredity A. Citrus sinensis B. Ontogeny B. Citrus nobilis C. Environmental factors C. Citrus grandis D. AOTA D. Citrus limon 4. The symbiotic connection that exists between 10. The following is/are true about tartaric acid, plants and animals except? A. By-product of wine industry A. Morphology B. Treatment of metabolic acidosis B. Taxonomy C. Dicarboxylic acid C. Phylogeny D. NOTA D. Pharmacology 11. Hydrolyze to form acrinyl isothiocyanate 5. A technique for assessing medications necessary A. Sinigrin for researching adulterants in powdered B. Sinalpin pharmaceuticals and for identifying powdered C. Sinalbin drugs D. Gluconapin A. Organoleptic B. Microscopic 12. Type of saponin glycosides that possess C. Pharmacologic triterpenoid structures D. Chemical A. Acid saponins B. Basic saponins C. Neutral saponins D. Cationic saponins MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY B. Readily hydrolyze to yield phenolic acids and 13. They are antagonistic to potassium and if a sugar person is low in potassium, they will be more C. Gives blue-black color with FeCl3 reagent likely intoxicated D. NOTA A. Saponin glycosides B. Cardiac glycosides 19. The following is/are true about condensed C. Anthraquinone glycosides tannins, except? D. Cyanogenic glycosides A. Contain only phenolic nuclei B. Convert animal hides to bloom leather 14. Myrosin hydrolyzes sinalbin to form allyl C. Gives blue-green color with FeCl3 reagent isothiocyanate. Emulsin hydrolyzes sinigrin to D. NOTA form acrinyl isothiocyanate A. Statement one is correct 20. The following is/are properties of tannins, B. Statement two is correct except C. Either of the statements are correct A. Precipitate solutions of gelatin and alkaloids D. Neither of the statements are correct B. Form colloidal solution with water C. Crystallizable 15. Cardiac glycosides occur as glycosides with D. NOTA sugars attached at the C17 of the steroid nucleus and a lactone ring at C3. It increases the 21. Rancidity of lipids of lipid-rich foodstuff is force of systolic contraction and decreases the because of? heart rate A. Reduction of fatty acids A. statement one is correct B. Hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids B. statement two is correct C. Dehydrogenation of saturated fatty acids C. either of the statements are correct D. Oxidation of fatty acids D. neither of the statements are correct 22. This is an example of waxes which is desirable 16. It is a membrane prepared from the intestine of ingredient in cold creams? the ox that behaves similarly to an untanned A. Copernicia prunifera hide B. Apis mellifera A. Phenazone C. Simmondsia chinensis B. Gelatin D. Physeter macrocephalus C. Goldbeater’s skin D. Tannic acid 23. Most fats are liquid at room temperature except cocoa butter. Most fixed oils are solid at room 17. These are red colored compounds that results temperature except cod liver oil from the treatment of condensed tannins with A. Statement one is correct hydrolytic agents B. Statement two is correct A. Pseudotannins C. Either of the statements are correct B. Anthocyanidins D. Neither of the statements are correct C. Catechol tannins D. Phlobaphenes 24. Prostaglandin E2 is used as palliative therapy to temporarily maintain neonates with patent 18. The following is/are true about pyrogallol ductus arteriosus and congenital heart defects. tannins, except? Alprostadil stimulates intestinal and uterine A. Consist of gallic acid esterified with glucose smooth muscle MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY A. Statement one is correct B. Statement two is correct 29. What is the functional group present in this C. Either of the statement are correct volatile oil? D. Neither of the statements are correct 25. The following is/are properties of fats and oils, except? A. Do not leave a permanent spot B. Heavier than water C. Insoluble in benzene D. All of the given choices A. Aldehyde 26. The following is/are properties of volatile oils, B. Ketone except? C. Alcohol A. Can be distilled from their natural source D. Phenol B. Can be saponified by alkalies C. Do not leave permanent grease on paper 30. What is the functional group present in this D. None of the given choices volatile oil? 27. Phenylpropanoids contain the C6 phenyl ring with attached C3 propane side chain. Many of the phenylpropanoids found in volatile oils are hydrocarbons and ether A. Statement one is correct B. Statement two is correct C. Either of the statements are correct D. Neither of the statements are correct A. Ketone B. Ester 28. What is the functional group present in this C. Hydrocarbon volatile oil? D. Ether 31. It used to distinguish the bitterness of some quinine containing preparations A. Eriodictyon californicum B. Exogonium purga C. Pistacia lentiscus D. Zingiber officinale 32. Positive result for abietic acid A. Alcohol A. Green color B. Aldehyde B. Greenish color C. Phenol C. Pink color D. Hydrocarbon D. Purple color 33. Collection of fossil resins A. Copal resin B. Guaiac resin MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY C. Jalap resin D. Mastic 40. One of the main roles of this vitamin is to facilitate Calcium and Phosphorus absorption 34. Resinotannols do not give tannin reaction with A. Vitamin A Fe salts. Resin phenols combine with simple B. Vitamin D aromatic acids will form esters C. Vitamin E A. Statement one is correct D. Vitamin K B. Statement two is correct C. Either of the statements are correct 41. What is this type of alkaloid? D. Neither of the statements are correct 35. Asafetida is a homogenous mixture of gum and oleoresin. Turpentine is a resin in glycosidal combinations A. Statement one is correct B. Statement two is correct C. Either of the statements are correct D. Neither of the statements are correct A. True alkaloid B. Proto alkaloid 36. Which of these enzymes is in your saliva and C. Pseudo alkaloid helps to breakdown carbohydrates into sugar? D. False alkaloid A. Sucrase B. Galactose 42. What is the classification of this structure? C. Fructose D. Amylase 37. To which class of biological compounds do enzymes belong? A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids 38. This Vitamin D deficiency is characterized by softening of the bones A. Osteoarthritis B. Osteoporosis A. Tropane C. Osteomalacia B. Indole D. Osteopenia C. Alkaloidal amines D. Quinoline 39. This Vitamin A deficiency is characterized by drying of the eyes 43. It is centrally acting analgesic that is the most A. Bitot’s spot important opium alkaloid- BASE SA PICTURE, B. Xerosis LETTER C ANG CORRECT ANSWER C. Xeropthalmia D. Nyctalopia MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY 48. What is the therapeutic use of Quisquialis indica? A. Antifungal B. Anthelmentic 44. Alkaloidal precipitants C. Diuretic I. Marmers reagent- potassium-cadmium- D. Anti-inflammatory iodide II. Dragendorff’s reagent- potassium- 49. What is the family of Vitex negundo? bismuth-iodide A. Lamiaceae III. Mayer’s reagent-mercuric-potassium- B. Asteraceae iodide C. Liliaceae IV. Wagner’s reagent-potassium iodide D. Myrtaceae A. One statement is correct B. Two statements are correct 50. Odd one out C. Three statements are correct A. Cassia alata- Fabaceae D. All statements are correct B. Peperomia pellucida- Piperaceae C. Blumea balsamifera- Asteraceae 45. Pharmacologic action of alkaloids D. Mentha arvensis- Liliaceae I. Central stimulants- Strychnine II. Mydriatics- Pilocarpine BIOCHEMISTRY III. Miotics- Atropine IV. Hypotensive- Ephedrine 1. The type of lipid that can stabilize and disperse A. One statement is correct water-insoluble materials in aqueous solution B. Two statements are correct A. Messenger Lipids C. Three statement are correct B. Emulsification Lipids D. All statements are correct C. Energy storage lipids D. Membrane lipids 46. Odd one out E. Protective-coating Lipids A. Bawang- Allium sativum B. Akapulko- Fabaceae 2. Component of the lipid bilayer that can restrict C. Bayabas-Astringent the movement of the fatty acid chains due to its D. Yerba Buena- Alibhon compact shape: A. Unsaturated fatty acids 47. What is the family of this plant? B. Proteins C. Cholesterol oil D. All of the given choices 3. A molecules that can cross the cell membrane without the use of energy but with the help of membrane proteins A. Ethanol A. Cucurbitaceae B. Chloride ion B. Liliaceae C. Urea C. Combretaceae D. Potassium ion D. Boraginaceae MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY 4. Living animals are able to keep fats in a semi- solid form due to its “warmer” body 10. The following are saturated fatty acids, except: temperature. Fats have high melting points as it A. Stearic acid is mostly composed of saturated fatty acids. B. Lauric acid A. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect C. Arachidic acid B. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct D. None of the given choices C. Both statements are correct D. Both statements are incorrect 11. Known as the most abundant type of lipid in the body: 5. Sphingoglycolipids and Sphingophospholipids A. Triacylglycerols are present in the myelin sheath. High density B. Cholesterol lipoprotein carries cholesterol from the liver to C. Phospholipids the tissues D. Cerebrosides A. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect B. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct 12. The most abundant membrane lipid: C. Both statements are correct A. Glycerophospholipid D. Both statements are incorrect B. Phospholipid C. Sphingophospholipid 6. This is a globular protein usually involved in the D. Sphingoglycolipid transport of oxygen in the blood E. Cholesterol A. Hemoglobin For nos. 13-15 B. Myoglobin 7. An achiral amino acid considered as the simplest amino acid A. Gln B. Gly C. Glu D. Lys 13. What is the type of designation for this FA? A. Monounsaturated 8. In infants, a bleeding mucous membrane is a B. Polyunsaturated symptom exhibited by: C. Saturated A. Osteogenesis imperfecta B. Ehler’s Danlos syndrome 14. On the basis of carbon chain length & degree of C. Marasmus unsaturation, what is the numerical shorthand D. Kwashiorkor designation for this FA? E. Barlow’s disease A. 22:6 B. 18:6 9. Lipids are homogenous organic compound that C. 16:6 are soluble in non-polar solvents. In general, D. 20:6 lipids are mostly made up of hydrocarbons A. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect 15. To which Omega family does this fatty acid B. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct belong to? C. Both statements are correct A. Omega 3 D. Both statements are incorrect B. Omega 6 MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY C. Omega 7 A. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect D. Omega 9 B. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct C. Both statements are correct 16. Amino acid that contains a side chain that bears D. Both statements are incorrect a positive charge A. K 25. Vitamin A participates in the reproduction and B. Q growth of both men & women. Vitamin A C. D combines with rhodopsin to form the visual D. W pigment opsin which converts light energy into E. Y nerve impulses. A. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect 17. A stabilizing reaction found in the tertiary B. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct structure commonly seen in compounds that C. Both statements are correct contain phenyl rings D. Both statements are incorrect A. Hydrogen bonds B. Electrostatic interactions 26. An irreversible inhibitor attaches to the C. Hydrophobic interactions enzyme’s allosteric site which distorts the shape D. Covalent disulfide bonds of the active site. Competitive inhibitors directly blocks the enzymes active site and imitates all For nos. 18-22: Match the following the characteristics of the incoming substrate A. Collagen A. statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect B. Transferrin B. statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct C. Silk fibroin C. both statements are correct D. Insulin D. both statements are incorrect E. Keratin 27. enzyme used as a diagnostic tool for detecting 18. Provide protective coating for organs- E possible muscle damage: 19. Also known as Beta-keratin- C A. asparate transaminase 20. Involved in iron transport in blood- B B. Alkaline Phosphate 21. Most abundant protein in the human body- A C. Lactate Dehydrogenase 22. Regulatory hormone for controlling glucose D. Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase metabolism- D 28. Which statement best describes what happens 23. Enzyme inhibitor that copies the characteristics to enzyme activity when there is an increase in of the substrate and occupies the enzyme’s substrate concentration? active site: A. Reaction rate increases due to the increase of substrates A. Noncompetitive inhibitor B. Reaction rate increases as incoming substrates B. Competitive inhibitor must wait for an enzyme active site C. Irreversible inhibitor C. Reaction rate is not affected by the increase of D. Both B & C substrate concentration D. Reaction rate decreases as all enzymes are fully 24. Turnover number is the number of substrate occupied molecules transformed per minute by one molecule of enzyme. An increase in enzyme 29. Which of the following can stimulate concentration also increases the reaction rate. glycogenolysis? MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY A. Glucagon & Epinephrine B. Glucagon & Norepinephrine 36. Considered as the most abundant naturally C. Insulin & Epinephrine occurring polysaccharide D. Insulin & Norepinephrine A. Chitin B. Cellulose 30. The following are chiral sugars, except: C. Sucrose A. Glucose D. Starch B. Dihydroxyacetone C. D-glyceraldehyde 37. PKU is a genetic disease that is due to the D. Cellobiose accumulation of what amino acid? E. Ribose A. Cysteine B. Tyrosine 31. Which of the following is found or present in C. Valine brussel sprouts? D. Phenylalanine A. Glucose E. Glutamate B. Maltose C. Raffinose 38. An hereditary disorder of the connective tissues D. Ribose wherein the affected person has abnormally E. Lactose long and thin digits: A. Marfan syndrome 32. Primary source of Energy: B. Cystic fibrosis A. Glucose C. Trisomy 21 B. Maltose D. XYY syndrome C. Raffinose D. Ribose 39. Most abundant class of bioorganic molecules: E. Lactose A. Lipids B. Carbohydrates 33. Glucose + Fructose C. Nucleic acids A. Sucrose D. Proteins B. Maltose C. Lactose 40. The following are stop codons, except: D. Cellobiose A. AUG B. UAA 34. Utilized as a chemical marker that aids in C. UGA distinguishing the different types of blood D. UAG A. D-fructose B. Stachyose 41. Enzyme that joins the lagging strand together C. D-galactose A. DNA polymerase D. Maltose B. DNA helicase C. DNA ligase 35. Reaction that usually takes place when blood D. Topoisomerase glucose levels are sufficiently high: A. Glycogenolysis 42. Pantothenic acid is also known as _______ B. Gluconeogenesis A. B1 C. Glycogenesis B. B2 D. Both A & B C. B3 MODULE 2: RE-EXAMINATION BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOGNOSY D. B6 E. B5 43. Where does lipid digestion begin? A. Stomach B. Small intestine C. Mouth D. Intestinal lining For nos. 44-47 A. Glycolysis B. Glycogenesis C. Gluconeogenesis D. Glycogenolysis 44. Glucose is converted to a non-carbohydrate material- A 45. Glucose to Glycogen- B 46. Glycogen is turned back to Glucose- D 47. Noncarbohydrate material is converted back to Glucose- C 48. Most TAGs are converted to Monoacylglycerols in the _______ A. Intestinal cells B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Lymphatic system E. Bloodstream 49. Lactate is produced in the muscle from a glucose molecule A. Glycogenesis B. Cori cycle C. Krebs cycle D. Gluconeogenesis 50. Known as the most common structural form of DNA: A. A-form B. Z-form C. B-form D. Both A & B E. Both B & C