LTC, Acute Care and IV admixture Products PDF

(PPT NO. 1 – DR. OGDEN) LTC, Acute Care and IV admixture Products 1. What does LTC stand for in healthcare? A: Long-Term Care. 2. Name three types of care provided under LTC. A: Sub-Acute Care, Skilled Care, and Assisted Living. 3. What percentage of older adults will need LTC...

(PPT NO. 1 – DR. OGDEN) LTC, Acute Care and IV admixture Products 1. What does LTC stand for in healthcare? A: Long-Term Care. 2. Name three types of care provided under LTC. A: Sub-Acute Care, Skilled Care, and Assisted Living. 3. What percentage of older adults will need LTC at some point? A: Approximately 70%. 4. Which government program covers 42% of LTC expenses? A: Medicaid. 5. Which federal agency licenses and regulates nursing homes? A: The Department of Health. 6. What are Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)? A: Basic physical activities like bathing, eating, and dressing. 7. What percentage of nursing home residents are older than 65? A: 85%. 8. What cognitive condition affects 66% of nursing home residents? A: Cognitive impairment, such as Alzheimer's Disease. 9. Name two goals of nursing home care. A: To provide a safe environment and maintain functional independence. 10. What is a clinical goal in nursing home care? A: To stabilize and delay progression of chronic conditions. 11. What is a Plan of Care in a nursing home? A: An individualized treatment plan based on a comprehensive assessment. 12. What is a closed-door pharmacy? A: A pharmacy that provides services exclusively to institutions like nursing homes. 13. How are medications delivered in nursing homes? A: Typically in unit doses as a 30-day supply. 14. What is a Medication Regimen Review (MRR)? A: A monthly review of a resident's medications by a pharmacist. 15. Why is a Medication Pass Observation conducted? A: To assess how medications are administered to patients. 16. Name a regulatory requirement for medication storage in nursing homes. A: Controlled substances must be securely stored. 17. What are the primary issues addressed in MRR? A: Medication errors, adverse reactions, and therapeutic goals. 18. What is a significant risk factor for medication-related issues in nursing homes? A: The complexity of multiple medications. 19. What are two main types of hospital integration? A: Horizontal and Vertical Integration. 20. What is horizontal integration in hospitals? A: When hospitals affiliate to improve efficiency and share services. 21. Define vertical integration in healthcare. A: Expansion of services beyond acute care, such as outpatient and rehab services. 22. What is the Hill-Burton Act? A: A 1946 act that provided federal funding for hospital expansion. 23. What is the significance of Disease-Related Groups (DRG) payment? A: It shifted healthcare financing to a prospective payment system. 24. What classification criteria are used for hospitals? A: Length of stay, type of service, and ownership. 25. How long is the average stay in an acute hospital? A: 4.8 days. 26. What is the difference between general and specialty hospitals? A: General hospitals offer varied services; specialty hospitals focus on specific conditions. 27. What is the role of a hospital's Board of Trustees? A: They are the primary source of authority and governance in a hospital. 28. Who is responsible for overseeing the pharmacy budget in a hospital? A: The Director of Pharmacy. 29. What is the primary role of a staff pharmacist? A: To provide daily distributive services. 30. What role does a clinical pharmacist play in patient care? A: Involvement in patient rounds, medication histories, and counseling. 31. What is the function of a pharmacy technician in a hospital? A: To provide technical support in drug distribution. 32. Describe a centralized drug distribution system. A: All pharmacy services originate from a single hospital location. 33. What is a decentralized drug distribution system? A: Pharmacy services are provided from satellite locations near patient care areas. 34. What is a hospital formulary system? A: A process to ensure appropriate drug use and control costs. 35. What is a closed formulary system? A: Physicians prescribe only medications on the formulary, with exceptions documented. 36. What is the purpose of residency programs in hospitals? A: To develop advanced competencies in pharmacy practice. 37. Who accredits pharmacy residency programs? A: The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). 38. What equipment is used in IV sterile compounding? A: Needles, syringes, and medication vials. 39. Why might a drug need to be stored in a specific container? A: To maintain stability and prevent chemical interactions. 40. What is an ampule in IV compounding? A: A glass container for drugs incompatible with rubber stoppers. 41. Why must a 5-micron filter needle be used with ampules? A: To prevent glass particles from entering the solution. 42. What differentiates open and closed systems in IV compounding? A: Ampules are open systems; vials are closed systems needing air injection. 43. What are IV Smartpumps? A: Devices that control the rate of IV medication administration. 44. What is the role of an IV infusion set? A: To deliver fluids or medications from an IV bag to the patient. 45. Define large volume IV bags. A: Bags used for continuous infusions over extended periods. 46. What is a key consideration when reconstituting powdered drugs for IV use? A: Ensuring the correct solvent and volume are used. 47. What purpose does the CDC’s Hospital Survey and Construction Act serve? A: It aimed to expand hospital infrastructure post-World War II. 48. What are “closed-door” pharmacies? A: Pharmacies that serve specific institutions like nursing homes without retail services. 49. What is the significance of patient-centered care in LTC? A: It improves the quality of life and care for residents. 50. What is the role of the pharmacist in pain management in LTC? A: To assess and manage pain through appropriate medication. 51. What are some services offered “under one roof” in LTC? A: Personal care, dietary services, and medication administration. 52. How does medication management differ in LTC compared to outpatient settings? A: LTC pharmacists oversee medication regimens and compliance within regulatory guidelines. 53. What percentage of nursing home residents are women? A: 66%. 54. Why is medication storage regulated in nursing homes? A: To prevent unauthorized access and ensure safe handling. 55. What is a nursing home’s responsibility regarding controlled substances? A: To follow strict storage, documentation, and dispensing guidelines. 56. What is the goal of ADL assistance in LTC? A: To support daily functioning and independence. 57. What type of patients are found in sub-acute care facilities? A: Those needing short-term skilled services post-hospitalization. 58. Why might a hospital choose horizontal integration? A: To improve efficiency and resource sharing with affiliated hospitals. 59. What is vertical integration in hospital systems? A: Expanding services to include outpatient and rehabilitation care. 60. How do hospitals classify by length of stay? A: Short-term (acute) and long-term hospitals. 61. Why do hospitals need a formulary system? A: To control drug costs and ensure proper medication use. 62. What does a hospital’s drug formulary include? A: An essential list of medications routinely stocked. 63. How often is a Medication Regimen Review conducted in LTC? A: At least monthly. 64. What is the Hill-Burton Act’s impact on modern hospitals? A: It significantly expanded hospital infrastructure and bed capacity. 65. What regulatory challenges are unique to nursing homes? A: High standards of care and medication management requirements. 66. Why are ampules used in IV compounding? A: To store drugs that are chemically incompatible with plastic stoppers. 67. What is the role of the Director of Pharmacy in a hospital? A: Managing pharmacy operations, budget, and personnel. 68. How does competition affect hospital operations? A: Hospitals adapt by creating targeted services and advertising. 69. What is a multidisciplinary approach to care in LTC? A: Integrating medical, functional, and behavioral assessments into care plans. 70. Why is reconstituting powdered drugs necessary in IV therapy? A: Some medications are unstable in liquid form and need reconstitution before use. 71. What is an IV Smartpump’s main feature? A: Programmable delivery for precise medication dosing. 72. What is the primary advantage of vertical integration for hospitals? A: It provides a continuum of care and additional revenue sources. 73. Define "hospital pharmacy residency." A: Postgraduate training focused on advanced clinical skills. 74. What is the main objective of LTC pharmacy services? A: To ensure safe and effective medication use in long-term care residents. 75. How do pharmacy technicians contribute to LTC facilities? A: By handling technical aspects of drug distribution. 76. What is the significance of the “open” system in ampules? A: It allows easy drug extraction without air pressure management. 77. Why are pharmacy interns sometimes employed in hospitals? A: To assist with tasks under supervision as part of their training. 78. How does an IV infusion set function? A: It connects the IV bag to the patient’s catheter for medication delivery. 79. Why might a pharmacy adopt centralized services? A: To reduce costs and simplify resource management. 80. What is a teaching hospital’s primary purpose? A: To train medical professionals and conduct research. 81. Name a key regulatory requirement for nursing home pharmacies. A: Controlled substance oversight. 82. What are some challenges of medication transitions in LTC? A: Adding, discontinuing, or adjusting drugs during transfers. 83. How does Medicare support LTC services? A: By covering short-term skilled care costs. 84. Define "assisted living." A: A residence providing assistance with daily activities and basic health services. 85. What is the main function of the CDC’s Hospital Survey? A: To track hospital capacity and infrastructure improvements. 86. Why is IV admixture training important? A: To ensure sterile and accurate preparation of IV medications. 87. What’s the purpose of a 5-micron filter with ampules? A: To filter out any glass particles. 88. Why might a hospital implement horizontal integration? A: To share resources and reduce costs with nearby facilities. 89. What is a nursing home’s primary care goal? A: To maximize quality of life for chronically ill and dependent residents. 90. How does vertical integration impact patient care? A: It allows a seamless transition between acute, rehabilitative, and long-term care. 91. Why is the LTC resident population vulnerable to medication-related issues? A: Due to complex regimens and potential for drug-drug interactions. 92. What is a formulary? A: A list of approved drugs for use in a healthcare facility. 93. What does the term "closed-door pharmacy" imply? A: It serves institutional clients without a retail storefront. 94. Why are LTC facilities heavily regulated? A: To ensure high standards of care for vulnerable populations. 95. What is the primary function of a pharmacy technician in LTC? A: To assist in medication preparation and distribution. 96. Why is hospital classification important? A: It helps categorize hospitals based on services and ownership for regulatory and funding purposes. 97. What are "nursing home regulations" aimed at? A: Ensuring quality of care and medication safety. 98. Describe the Hill-Burton Act’s long-term impact. A: Expanded healthcare access by funding hospital construction. 99. What is an IV Smartpump used for? A: To deliver precise IV drug dosages. 100. What is the primary goal of skilled care in LTC? A: To provide comprehensive health services to residents with complex medical needs.ce plans.