Philippine 21st Century Literature PDF

HGE 1113- 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Prof. Jennifer T. Lazo Department of English, UE-SHS MANILA  Fiction vs Nonfiction FICTION NONFICTION Uses imaginary narratives/storie...

HGE 1113- 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Prof. Jennifer T. Lazo Department of English, UE-SHS MANILA  Fiction vs Nonfiction FICTION NONFICTION Uses imaginary narratives/stories/events entails factual details and information Elements such as characters, plot, Involves real people, events, and settings setting, are created by the author Characterized by creative imagination Based on reality and actual experiences May contain elements of fantasy, Stresses on facts and evidence supernatural, or speculative elements Employs the author’s narrative and story Research-based information and accurate telling skills details Subjective and includes biases Observes objectivity and credibility Includes genres like fantasy, science Includes biographical, historical, and fiction, romance, etc. documentaries  What is Fiction?  It is a genre of literature that encompasses imaginative and fabricated narratives. It involves the creation of characters, events, and settings that are not based on real people, places, or occurrences.  Authors of fiction use their creativity and storytelling skills to construct compelling stories that can evoke emotions, transport readers to different worlds, and explore various themes and ideas.  Fiction often incorporates elements of fantasy, science fiction, romance, mystery, and other genres that allow for imaginative storytelling and the suspension of disbelief.  What is Nonfiction?  Non-fiction is a genre of literature that presents factual information and real-life experiences. It focuses on providing accurate and reliable accounts of real people, events, places, or concepts.  Non-fiction encompasses various categories such as biographies, histories, self-help books, science books, travelogues, and more.  The primary objective of non-fiction is to educate and inform readers by presenting factual knowledge, research findings, personal narratives, or expert insights.  Elements of Fiction 1. Character  refers to the person, and his/her inner and outer qualities in a literary work such as a short story, novel, and drama There are two major types of character: the protagonist or the main/central character and the antagonist or the opposing character. 2. Characterization  Describes the characteristics of the person/character and his or her portrayal of the roles that reflect/show his/her attitude, behavior, feelings, values, reactions, and beliefs.  Characters may be flat, unchanging, round, dynamic, stereotypical, or complex.  Elements of Fiction 3.. Plot  series of events that develop the story  happenings that reveal the stages of the story  consists of elements such as exposition, rising action, climax, turning point, denouement or falling action, ending, or resolution. 4. Theme  the message associated with the morals, values, and insights in a literary work. It underlies the existing realities of life and how these affect the society the characters have/belong in.  Elements of Fiction 5. Setting  refers to the place, time, condition, and atmosphere of a story.  sets the mood or state to describe the situation or scenario of a story. 6. Conflict  the problem, issue, and complication as shown in the struggles, difficulties, and challenges from within or outside the character’s situation or condition. It can be classified as man vs man, man vs nature, man vs society, and man vs himself.  Elements of Fiction 7. Point of View  this refers to a particular standpoint based on the narration of the story. It can be first-person, second-person, and third-person limited or omniscient.  an objective point of view refers to the writer’s standpoint with less description of the emotions and thoughts of the characters.  Types of Fiction 1. Historical fiction: It has characters based on real people and often bases its plots on real-life events. Generally, many elements of the plot or dialogue are fabricated by the author, although it’s up to the writer how much to invent. 2. Literary fiction: Literary fiction encompasses most books taught in high school English courses and most books that are up for major annual prizes like the Pulitzer Prize or Man Booker Prize. Literary fiction often depicts nuanced themes and incorporates literary devices. 3. Mystery fiction is based around a crime or other form of mystery.  Types of Fiction 4. Science fiction is a type of fiction that often depicts stories set against the backdrop of futuristic technology and dystopian societies. 5. Children’s Fiction: is a fictional genre that can range from books for toddlers to full-length young adult novels. 6. Fanfiction is a genre of fiction in which fans take source material from existing franchises and then spin them off into separate narratives of their own.  Types of Nonfiction 1. Expository nonfiction: Expository nonfiction explains historical events, fashion trends or natural phenomena. It can also address philosophical questions and includes science and philosophy books. E-expository nonfiction authors typically do a lot of research on their topic so they can explain it clearly and accurately to readers who might be learning about it for the first time. 2. Narrative nonfiction: Narrative nonfiction writing discusses facts in the style of a story. It uses chapters to structure the books rather than organizing the work by topic as expository nonfiction does. Examples of narrative nonfiction include memoirs and biographies. 3. Persuasive nonfiction: With persuasive nonfiction, the author takes a position on a topic. They use facts to support their arguments and convince the readers. An example of persuasive nonfiction is an editorial in a newspaper. 4. Descriptive nonfiction: With descriptive nonfiction, the writer uses figurative language, rich details, and sensory language to help readers understand the information. An example of descriptive nonfiction is a travel guide.  w..w. for the day  “A contented heart is a calm sea In the midst of all storms.” -Unknown