Lesson 5: The Evolution of Philippine Government PDF

**Lesson 5: The Evolution of Philippine Government** **Pre-Spanish Government** **Prominent Person:** Lapu-Lapu **-- First Filipino hero.** **Form of Government: Monarchial** **Community:\ ** **Barangay or Balangay --** smallest unit serve as Local Government **Chieftain --** Datu or Rajah Ex...

**Lesson 5: The Evolution of Philippine Government** **Pre-Spanish Government** **Prominent Person:** Lapu-Lapu **-- First Filipino hero.** **Form of Government: Monarchial** **Community:\ ** **Barangay or Balangay --** smallest unit serve as Local Government **Chieftain --** Datu or Rajah Exercise all functions of the Government **Social Class:** **Maharlika --** Ruling Class or the Family of Datu's **Timawa --** Warrior Class, Soldier Class **Alipin: T**hey serve anyone who is above their class. - **Aliping Namamahay -** who lived separately from their masters, typically in their own homes. - **Aliping Saguigilid -** had no possessions or rights. They lived in the most basic conditions **Judicial --** Trial of deal **Economic --** Agriculture **Religious --** Pagans **Education --** At Home **Spanish Expedition** **Ferdinand Magellan --** is the prominent person in this era. **March 16, 1521 --** Magellan arrived in the Archipelago de San Lazaro ( Samar ) **Voyage --** means **Expedition** **Mercantilism --** species/glory and God **First Expedition:** **September 20, 1519 - March 16, 1521** 1. **San Antonio** 2. **Santiago** 3. **Trinidad** 4. **Conception** 5. **Victoria** **Main Purpose:** Mercantilism to Colonialism. **March 29, 1521 --** Blood Compact with **Rajah Kulambo** **Blood Compact** -- means **Friendship and Brotherhood.** **First Mass:** March 31, 1521 Another Blood Compact with **Rajah Humabon**. -- April 7, 1521 **Battle of Mactan --** April 27, 1521 **Juan Sebastian El Cano** - **First who circumnavigate the world.** **Miguel Lopez de Legaspi** **November 1. 1564 --** successful Colonization. **Spanish Government** **National Government** **Highest Position** in the Philippine during this era is**: Governor General.** **Miguel Lopez de Legaspi --** first Governor General. **King Philip II -- King of Spain** **Royal Audiencia --** highest court of the country. **Local Government:** - **Corregimentos --** Unpacified Region ruled by Corregidor General. - **Alcadia --** Pacified Region. Highest Position for Mestizos (Pure Pilipino) - **Alcalde Mayor** - **Governador Cill** - **Cabeza de Barangay** **Rise of Propaganda Movement (1872)** **The Illustrados** 1. **Marcelo H. Del Pillar** 2. **Jose Rizal** 3. **Garciano Lopez Joena** **Propaganda Movement --** they called propagandist because they use **pen and tongue.** - **The Reign of Greed -- El Filibusterismo** - **Touch Me Not -- Noli Me Tangere** **LaSolidaridad -** Organization from SPAIN that reform and not a Revolution form 1888. **LaSolidaridad + Propaganda Movement** - Means reform not a revolution June 16, 1892 -- Jose Rizal return in Manila. **Andres Bonifacio with Jose Rizal** **La Liga Filipina --** being created - **July 3, 1882** - Aim is Political reform, unity and Cooperation among Filipinos **Rizal** ­being arrested **--** July 6, 1892 **Rizal** Deportation to Dapitan by Gov. Gen Eulogio Despujol. -- **July 7, 1892** **Deodato Arellano House --** meeting of La Liga Filipina July 7, 1892 - Jose Dizon - Andres Bonifacio - Valentin Diaz - Teodoro Plata - Ladislas Diwa - Deodato Arellano After that the **KKK has been built:\ ** **K -** ataastaasan **K -** agalanggalangan **K --** atipunan "Ng Mga Anak ng Bayan" Or in short, the **KATIPUNAN GOVERNMENT** - Organized by Andres Bonifacio. - Katipunan was a secret organization **AIM OF KATIPUNAN** - Forging Brotherhood among the Filipinos. - Unify Filipinos - Philippine Independence Through Revolution - Establishing a Republic once the Independence secured. - Emilio Jacinto - Pio Valenzuela - **Pio Valenzuela visited Jose Rizal.** **Jose Rizal** execution in Bagumbayan -- **December 30, 1986.** **Two Katipuneros work in Diario De Manila** - **Apolonio Dela Cruz** - **Teodoro Patino** **Fr. Mariano Gil** **Aug 26, 1896 -** discovery of Katipunan, led to start of the Philippine Revolution. **CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN** **Battle of Pinaglabanan -- August 30, 1896** - Initiated on attack on Battle of San Juan Del Monte it is the **First Battle.** Spanish Government determine to end the Rebellion and Restore its authority to the Colony. **TWO FACTIONS OF KATIPUNAN** - **Magdiwang Faction** - **Magdalo Faction** - **Wealthy and Educated Filipinos** - **Open for Negotiation in Spaniards** **Magdalo and Magdiwang Faction in Case Hacienda De Tejeros --** to recognize the Katipunan and established Unified Revolutionary Government. **TEJEROS CONVENTION 1897** - **Emilio Aguinaldo elected as the President.** - **Mariano Trias elected as the** **Vice President.** - **Andres Bonifacio elected as the Secretary of the Interior** Note: But Daniel Terona disputed to the Position of Aguinaldo In **Sta. Cruz De Malabon Tanza Cavite -** the newly elected member of Revolutionary Government takes their ought **May 10, 1897** - **Andres Bonifacio** - **Procopio Bonifacio** Charge and arrested for imprisonment of case of **TREASON.** - Accusing them for BURNING A VILLAGE AND TREATH FOR AGUINALDO'S LEADERSHIP - They were sentence to death **THE EXECUTION OF BONIFACIO BROTHERS** **May 10, 1897 -** in the foot of hill of Mount Buntis in Maragondon, Cavite **SPANISH -- AMERICAN WAR 1898** **Dictatorial Government - May 29, 1898** **Admiral George Dewey** \* United State of America \- Ended the Spanish American War and causing **the TREATY OF PARIS** ON DECEMBER 10, 1898 Note: Losing all of Spain\'s colonies including the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico. **TREATY OF PARIS** - SPAIN AND AMERICAN AGREEMENT **PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE** After 333years of Spanish Colonization in the Philippines In July 12, 1898 at Kawit Cavite the proclamation of PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE. FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC (1899) MALOLOS CONSTITUTION \* Emilio Aguinaldo - First President of the 1st Republic of the Philippines. July 23, 1899 - March 23, 1901 Died of Coronary Thrombosis on February 6, 1964, at the age of 94. INSULAT GOVERNMENT 1901-1935 William Howard Taft The Insular Government of the Philippines was the form of the administration that the United States established in the Philippines from 1901 to 1935. Establishment of Supreme Court 1901 Builds Infrastructure Introduce new agricultural techniques and established agricultural schools Philippine currency, Banking System including the PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK Establishment of a Public Education System \- The American founded the UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES IN 1908. PHILIPPINE ASSEMBLY 1907 JONES LAW 1916 MARCH 24, 1934 - TYDINGS - MCDUFFIE ACT JULY 10, 1934 - CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION COMMONWEALTH CONSTITUTION 1935 MANUEL L. QUEZON - First President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines \- Father National Language (Ama ng Wikang Pambansa ) APPEARS ON 20 PESO BILL FIRST SENATE PRESIDENT ELECTED AS HE DIED ON TUBERCULOSIS IN SARANAC LAKE, NEW YORK. \- AUGUST 1, 1944 **MANUEL L QUEZON - 1935 - 1944** **WORLD WAR II - APRIL 8, 1942** **BATAAN DEATH MARCH - APRIL 9, 1942** **SURRENDER OF AMERICAN TROOPS TO THE JAPANESE - MAY 6, 1942** **JAPANESE GOVERNMENT (January 1943)** **SECOND PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC** Jose P. Laurel - Appointed by the Japanese as President During the Japanese Occupation from 1943 - 1945 THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION ENDED IN 1945 BECAUSE OF RETURN OF AMERICAN UNDER GENERAL DOUGLAS MACARTHUR. **Sergio Osmeña -** Second President of the Commonwealth \- joined with U.S General Macarthur in Leyte on October 20, 1944 to begin restoration of Philippine Freedom. THIRD PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC 1946 **Manuel Roxas** - Fifth President of the Philippines 1946-148 - Third and last president of the Commonwealth - First President of the 3rd Republic - Died because of the Heart Attack **ELPIDIO QUIRINO** - Sixth President of the Philippines - Serve as Vice President of Manuel L. Quezon. **RAMON MAGSAYSAY** - 7th President of the Philippines 1953-1957 **CARLOS P. GARCIA** - 8th President of the Philippines - 1957-1961 **DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL** - 1961-1965 **FOURTH PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC 1981** FERDINAND MARCOS SR. - 10TH PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES 21YEARS AS PRESIDENT FIRST PRESIDENT WIN A SECOND TERM. 1965-1986 **FIFTH PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC 1986** **CORAZON AQUINO** - 11TH PRESIDENT (1986-1992) - FIRST WOMAN PRESIDENT **FIDEL RAMOS** - 12TH PRESIDENT (1992-1998) **JOSEPH ESTRADA** - 13TH PRESIDENT (1998-2001) **GLORIA ARROYO** - 14TH PRESIDENT (2001-2010) **BENIGNO AQUINO** - 15TH PRESIDENT (2010-2016) **RODRIGO DUTERTE -** 16TH PRESIDENT (2016-2022) **FERDINAND MARCOS JR.** - 17TH PRESIDENT (2022-Present) **THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF THE PHILIPPINES** **Executive Branch** - power to execute and implement law. **Legislative Branch** - power to create, amend and appeal law. **Judicial Branch** - they interpret law. **The Chief Executive of the Government** \- Ferdinand \"Bong Bong\" Marcos Jr. In short, the **HEAD OF STATE** **4 reasons: why a lot of people want to become a President in the Philippines.** **1: Palace** **2: Power** **Five Types of Power:** **Executive Power** - enforce law and implement **Power of Appointment** - like Head of Executive Departments, Member of Constitutional, Commissions and Ambassador, Public minister and consul **Power of Control** - the president is responsible in carrying out government. **Military Power** - being the Commander in Chief of AFP. **Diplomatic Power** - as the head of state The President is the Chief of Diplomatic Officers on the Country. 3: **Qualifications** **1: Natural Born Filipino Citizen** **2: Registered Voter** **3: Able to Read and Write** 4: **40 years old at the day of election** 5: **must have resided in the Philippines - 10years** **4: Salary** **SOCE** - Statement of Contribution of Election **JUDICIAL BRANCH OF THE PHILIPPINES** \- it made up of **Supreme Court and Lower Court** **Judicial Branch** - interprets the meaning of laws applies laws to individual cases. THE JUDICIAL AND BAR COUNCIL\'S (JBC) \- primary task is to recommend appointees to Judiciary and the office of Ombudsman for the President\'s persual. **Supreme Court** - **Highest Position in the Land** - Ensuring that each branch of government recognizes the limits of its own power. - Responsible for final judgement on all cases, constitutional matters and appellate review. - **Chief Justice** and **14 Associate Justices** who serve until the age of 70. **COURT OF APPEALS** Philippines **second highest judicial court, just after Supreme Court**. - Hears appeals from the Regional Trial Courts (RTC) and some specialized Courts. - Consist of **68 Associate Justices and 1 Presiding Justice.** - established under Batas Pambansa Bilang 139 known as \" **THE JUDICIARY REORGANIZATION ACT of 1980**\" - Providing checks on the decisions of lower court **Sandigan Bayan** - special course which was established under Presidential Decree No.1606, its rank is equivalent to the Court of Appeals. - tries to decides in criminal cases, civil cases against government officials and employees. **Five division of three justices each.** - 1-3 division shall be stationed in **Metro Manila Area.** - Fourth division shall be in **Cebu.** - Fifth Division shall be in **Cagayan De Oro City.** **Court of Tax Appeals** - created under Republic Act. No 1125. It a special court of limited jurisdiction. - Consist **of 8 Associate Justices** and **1 Presiding Justice** **Criminal Cases involving violations of the:** National **Internal Revenue** Code or the Tariff and Customs Code Decisions of Regional Trial Courts (RTCs) in **local tax cases** Central Board of Assessment Appeals (CBAA) in cases involving the assessment and taxation of **real property** **CRIMINAL CASE** - involve actions that are offenses against the state or public **(murder, theft, drug trafficking).** **CIVIL CASE -** Involve disputes between private individuals or entities. **ADMINISTRATIVE CASE -** These involve cases filed in government agencies concerning the conduct of public officials or matters of governance. **SPECIAL CASE -** These include probate (wills), adoption, guardianship, etc. **REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS** - were established among the thirteen regions in the Philippines consisting of Regions I to XII and the National Capital Region (NCR). **Court of First Instance** - both handle criminal and civil cases depending on the jurisdiction **METROPOLITAN TRIAL COURT -** in the towns and cities in the Metropolitan Manila, are referred to as Metropolitan Trial Courts. **MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT IN THE CITIES** - In cities outside Metropolitan Manila. **MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS** - It is referred to as such if it covers only one municipality. **MUNICIPAL CIRCUIT TRIAL** **COURTS** - Are judicial courts of the Philippine Judicial System which covers two or more municipalities in country. **SHARI\'A DISTRICT COURTS** Equivalent to the Regional Trial Courts in rank are the Shari\'a District Courts which were established in certain specified provinces in Mindanao where the Code of Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines is being enforced **\ ** **\ **