Policies On Agrarian Reform PDF

POLICIES ON AGRARIAN REFORM  Agrarian reform is essentially the rectification of the whole system of agriculture, an important aspect of the Philippine economy because nearly half of the population is employed in the agricultural sector, and most citizens live in rural areas. Agrarian re...

POLICIES ON AGRARIAN REFORM  Agrarian reform is essentially the rectification of the whole system of agriculture, an important aspect of the Philippine economy because nearly half of the population is employed in the agricultural sector, and most citizens live in rural areas. Agrarian reform is centered on the relationship between production and the distribution of land among farmers. It is also focused on the political and economic class character of the relations of production and distribution in farming and related enterprises, and how these connect to the wider class structure.  LAND REFORM VERSUS AGRARIAN REFORM Land Reform in the Philippines is a process of redistributing land from the landlords to tenant-farmers in order that they will be given a chance to cm a piece of land Improve their plight. Agrarian Reform is concerned with the total development of the farmer's economic, social and political transformation. It is defined as the rectification of the whole system of agriculture.  AGRARIAN REFORM ON THE DIFFERENT ERAS OF THE PHILIPPINES During Spanish Colonization Before colonization, had a communal ownership of land. Pueblo system of agriculture Because of the scattered nature of the rural communities, the Spaniards organized them into a pueblo where they were given land to cultivate. Laws of the indies Spain awarded tracts of lands to: Religious orders. This became the main source of abuse and exploitation (e.g., the friars would increase land rent on a whim) Repartamientos of Spanish soldiers, as reward for their service, and Spanish encomenderos, or those mandated to manage an encomienda. Encomienda System The Spanish government developed the hacienda system as a new form of landownership. In the 1860s, Spain ordered landowners to register their landholdings. This led to many peasants either getting forced out of their "assigned" lands in the earlier days of colonization, or working for the people who claimed to have the rights of the land.  Landownership during American Colonization The Americans passed several land policies to distribute to landownership to a larger number of Filipinos. The Philippine Bill of 1902 The Philippine Commission Act No. 496 or The Land Registration Act The Homestead Program limitlessness of the size of landholdings people could acquire Sakdal Uprising Court of Industrial Relations  Agrarian Reform After World War II After the War, the administration focused on rehabilitating and rebuilding the nation. It attempted to solve the previous issues in landownership. Hacienda lands were redistributed, but the attempt at agrarian reform still failed, since there was little-to-no support given to the small farmers.  Agrarian Reform During the Marcos Regime After declaring martial law in 1972, President Marcos was able to start a "fundamental restructuring" of government in which he wiped out the landlord- dominated Congress in an attempt to address the structural problems in the countryside.  Masagana 99 Operation Land Transfer Landlessness Increased  Post-1986 Agrarian Reform After the overthrow of Marcos, Corazon "Cory" Aquino became President of the Philippines. With agrarian reform as the centerpiece of her administration's social legislation, what do you think were the problems that arose with this, especially that President Cory Aquino came from the wealthy family that owned Hacienda Luisita? Republic Act No. 6657 Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law Carp 22.5 percent of the land distribution in years  During the Ramos administration, the Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) was able to distribute 58.25 percent of the total area covered by CARP. Despite the lack of funding. time constraints, and lack of participation, CARP was expedited to meet the ten-year time frame. Also, President Ramos signed the Republic Act No. 8532 in 1998 to amend CARP The program was extended to another ten years.  Agrarian Reform in the Present Time In 2008, the deadline of the extended CARP came to pass Despite this, 1.6 million hectares of agricultural land remained undistributed to the 1.2 million farmers. President Gloria Arroyo signed the republic Act No. 99700, or the Comprehensive Agrarian form Program Extension with Deforms (CARPER), which extended the deadline to five more years, from 2009 to 2014. THANK YOU!!