Perspectives Of Mental Health PDF

PERSPECTIVES OF MENTAL HEALTH NANG08 Mental Health Nursing Dk Siti Armah Pg Hussin BHSc (Nursing), DHSc (Nursing) Performance Objective 1.1 State the role of a mental health assistant nurse and members of the mental health Enabling Objective(s) 1. Introduce the general perspectives of mental he...

PERSPECTIVES OF MENTAL HEALTH NANG08 Mental Health Nursing Dk Siti Armah Pg Hussin BHSc (Nursing), DHSc (Nursing) Performance Objective 1.1 State the role of a mental health assistant nurse and members of the mental health Enabling Objective(s) 1. Introduce the general perspectives of mental health care nursing. What is Mental Health? The World Health Organization (WHO) defines mental health as a state of well- being in which an individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. Karl Menninger (1947) defines mental health as “An adjustment of human beings to the world and to each other with a maximum of effectiveness and happiness” The American Psychiatric “Simultaneous Association (1980) defines success at working, mental health as, loving and creating with the capacity for mature and flexible resolution of conflicts between instincts, conscience, important other people and reality” Thus, mental health would include not only the absence of diagnostic labels such as schizophrenia and obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD), but also the ability to cope with the stressors of daily living, freedom from anxieties and generally a positive outlook towards life’ vicissitudes and to cope with those. Components of Mental Health 1. The ability to accept self: A mentally healthy individual feels comfortable about himself. He feels reasonably secure and adequately accepts his shortcoming. In other words, he has self-respect. 2. The capacity to feel right towards others: An individual who enjoys good mental health is able to be sincerely interested in other’s welfare. He has friendships that are satisfying and lasting. He is able to feel a part of a group without being submerged by it. He takes responsibility for his neighbors and his fellow members. 3. The ability to fulfill life’s tasks: A mentally healthy person is able to think for himself, set reasonable goals and take his own decision. He does something about the problems as they arise. He shoulders his daily responsibilities and is not bowled over by his own emotions of fear, anger, love or guild. Jahoda’s Indicators of Mental Health (1958) She attempted to establish what is abnormal by identifying the characteristics of people who are normal. She identified SIX characteristics of mental health: 1) A positive attitude towards self: This includes an objective view of self, including knowledge and acceptance of strength and limitations. The individual feels a strong sense of personal identity and security within environment 2) Growth, development and ability for self actualization: This indicators correlates with whether the individual successfully achieves the tasks associated with each level of development.  It includes ability to 3) Integration: adaptively respond to the environment and the development of the philosophy of life, both of which help the individual maintain anxiety at a manageable level in response to stressful situation 4) Autonomy: It refers to an individual's ability to perform in an independent self- directed manner; the individual makes choices and accepts responsibilities for the outcome.  This includes perception of the 5) Perception environment without distortion, of reality: as well as the capacity for empathy and social sensitivity- a respect and concern for the wants and needs of others.  This indicator suggests that 6) the individual has achieved a Environmental satisfactory role within the group, society or environment. mastery: What are the characteristics of Mentally Healthy person? Take out a piece of small paper / sticky notes.. Write your answer and stick it to the whiteboard! You have 5 minutes to do this.  Ability to adjust Have a sense of personal worth Solves problems by own self Makes his own decision Have a sense of responsibility Have a sense of personal security Able to give and accept Shows emotional maturity Lives in world of reality rather than fantasy Have capacity to tolerate frustration and disappointment Have a specific philosophy and purpose of life Have a variety of interests Lives in well-balanced life of work, rest and recreation Definition of Mental Illness World Health Organization defined it as the alteration in thinking, mood (emotions) or behaviors associated with personal stress and/or impaired functioning. In general an individual may - The person’s behavior is causing distress and be considered suffering to self and/or others. to be mentally - The person’s behavior is ill if: causing disturbance in his day-to-day activities, job and interpersonal relationships. What will be the common signs and symptoms of Mental Illness? Take out a piece of small paper / sticky notes.. Write your answer and stick it to the whiteboard! You have 5 minutes to do this.   Feeling sad or down  Confused thinking  Reduced ability to concentrate  Excessive fears or worries  Extreme feeling of guilt  Significant tiredness, low energy or problems in sleeping Common signs    Inability to cope with daily problems or stress Detachment from reality Major changes in eating habits and symptoms   Excessive anger, violence Sex drive changes of Mental    Suicidal ideation Trouble handling situations or problems Alcoholism or drug abuse Illness?  Withdrawal from friends or family (isolation)  Hallucinations delusions Mental Health Continuum Model We ALL have Mental Where are you on the Mental Health Health.. Continuum?