Physiotherapy Cranial Nerves PDF

Dr./ Mohamed Zakaria Kotb Lecturer of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cranial Nerves  Numbers: 12 pairs arise from brain →leave the skull via foramina. 1. Olfactory nerve. 2. Optic nerve. 3. Oculomotor nerve. 4. Trochlear nerve. 5. Trigeminal nerve. 6. Abducent nerve. 7. Fa...

Dr./ Mohamed Zakaria Kotb Lecturer of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cranial Nerves  Numbers: 12 pairs arise from brain →leave the skull via foramina. 1. Olfactory nerve. 2. Optic nerve. 3. Oculomotor nerve. 4. Trochlear nerve. 5. Trigeminal nerve. 6. Abducent nerve. 7. Facial nerve. 8. Auditory nerve. 9. Glossopharyngeal nerve. 10.Vagus nerve. 11.Accessory nerve. 12.Hypoglossal nerve.  Functions 1st → Olfactory nerve: Smell. 2nd → Optic nerve: vision.  3rd → Oculomotor: Supplies most muscles of the eye 4th → Trochlear nerve: Supplies one muscle of the eye. 6th → Abducent nerves: Supplies one muscle of eye.  8th→ Auditory nerve: Hearing and equilibrium. Important Cranial nerves  Function (types) of Cranial nerves 1. Motor 2. Sensory 3. Parasympathetic (1973) Origin of Cranial nerves from brainstem Cranial nerves exit from brainstem Cranial nerves exit from skull foramina  Divisions of trigeminal nerve 1. Ophthalmic nerve (sensory) → SOF 2. Maxillary nerve (sensory) → rotundum 3. Mandibular nerve (mixed ????) → foramen ovale Trigeminal nerve supplies Facial nerve supplies  Function of glossopharyngeal nerve Parasympathetic to parotid Taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue (SVS). General sensations from posterior 1/3 of the tongue , carotid sinus, & body,, pharynx and middle ear (GVS). Motor to stylopharyngeus (SVM)  Function of vagus nerve Parasympathetic to respiratory tract & digestive system & the heart. Taste sensation from epiglottis (SVS). General sensations from the respiratory tract & digestive system & heart, external ear, tympanic membrane & meninges. Motor to MS of larynx, pharynx & palate  Function of accessory nerve Spinal part → AHC of upper 5-6 Cranial part → MS of larynx, pharynx and cervical → sternomastoid and palate via joining the vagus (SVM). trapezius (GSM).  Function of hypoglossal nerve Hypoglossal nucleus →all MS of tongue (intrinsic and extrinsic) except palatoglossus (GSM)  Effects of injury 1. Hemi-atrophy of the affected side of the tongue. 2. On protrusion of the tongue, it deviates towards the affected side (due to intact genioglossus of the opposite side). Test