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CHAPTER 6: MOMENTUM, IMPULSE, AND COLLISIONS Momentum (P) - can be defined as a measurement of mass in motion: how much mass is in how much motion. It is usually given the symbol p. It is a vector quantity. Gaano kabigat ang moving object. SI Unit is kg * m/s Impulse (J) - A term that is used to d...

CHAPTER 6: MOMENTUM, IMPULSE, AND COLLISIONS Momentum (P) - can be defined as a measurement of mass in motion: how much mass is in how much motion. It is usually given the symbol p. It is a vector quantity. Gaano kabigat ang moving object. SI Unit is kg * m/s Impulse (J) - A term that is used to describe or quantify the effect of force acting over time to change the momentum of an object. It is also a vector quantity. Gaano katagal nagtake place si force. SI Unit is kg*m/s. The direction of the impulse is the same as the net force. Impulse-momentum Theorem - the change in momentum of a particle during time interval equals the impulse of the net force that acts on the particle during that interval. KAPAG MABABA ANG FORCE, MABAGAL ANG IMPACT KAYA KAPAG MALAKI YUNG FORCE MARARAMDAMAN MO YUNG MABILIS OR BIGLAAN. CONSERVATION OF MOMENTUM Internal Forces - the forces that the particles of the system exert on each other. Pag walang forces. External Forces - forces exerted on any part of the system by some object outside it. Isolated Forces - a system with no external forces Principle of conservation of momentum (P) - If the vector sum of the external forces on a system is zero, the total momentum of the system is constant and the same time rate of change of the total momentum is zero. Note: pag walang forces/ external forces, the momentum is conserved. ELASTIC and INELASTIC COLLISIONS Elastic Collision - a collision wherein no mechanical energy is lost or gained. The total kinetic energy of the system is the same after the collision as before. Note: In case of collision, if a moving object strikes a non moving object, the momentum of the moving object will be transferred to the non moving object and will stop Inelastic Collision - collisions in which the total kinetic energy after the collision is less than before the collision.. Note: ang elastic collision not applicable in real life, walang energy loss Complete Inelastic Collision - an inelastic collision in which colliding bodies stick together and move as one body after the collision. CENTER OF MASS OF A SYSTEM It is the point that moves as though all of the system’s mass were concentrated there and all external forces were applied there. Motion of the center of mass -To see the significance of the center of mass of a collection of particles, we must ask what happens to the center of mass when the particles move.  CHAPTER 7: ROTATION OF RIGID BODIES AND DYNAMICS OF ROTATIONAL MOTION RADIANS TO DEGREE Angular Velocity (w) - the vector measure of the rotation rate, which refers to how fast an object rotates or revolves relative to another point. It is denoted by Greek letter (w) The units that we will often use for angular velocity are radian per second (rad/s) and revolution per minute (rev/min) 1 rev = 2(pie) rad ]  CHAPTER 8: NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION AND KEPLER’S LAW OF PLANETARY MOTION Celestial Mechanics - The study of the dynamics of objects in space. Note: Gravitational forces always act along the line joining the two particles, and they form an action-reaction pair. Even when the masses of the particles are different, the two interaction forces have equal magnitude. Lahat ay attracted sa isa’t isa because gravity exists Weight - is the total gravitational force exerted on the body by all other bodies in the universe. Si Earth ang pinaka malaking force na ineexert sayo. P.S hindi ‘to naturo f2f 🙁 CHAPTER 9 PERIODIC MOTION Period Motion -also called oscillation, is a motion repeated in equal intervals of time. Examples are: Rocking Chair, Bouncing Ball, Vibrating Tuning Fork, Swing in motion Paliwanag ni chatty Ang oscillation sa periodic motion ay ang paggalaw pabalik-balik ng isang bagay mula sa equilibrium position nito (kung saan ito natural na nagpapahinga kapag walang external force). Ang motion na ito ay regular at paulit-ulit, kaya tinatawag itong periodic. Mga Key Points: Equilibrium Position Ito ang "gitnang posisyon" kung saan ang bagay ay nasa steady state, halimbawa, ang spring na hindi naka-stretch o naka-compress, o ang pendulum na nakatigil. Restoring Force  Ito ang puwersang nagtutulak pabalik sa equilibrium position. Halimbawa, ang spring force o gravity na nagdadala sa pendulum pabalik sa gitna. Amplitude Ang pinakamalaking layo ng bagay mula sa equilibrium position. Halimbawa, gaano kalayo ang pendulum mula sa gitna bago ito bumalik. Period (T) Ang tagal ng isang kumpletong cycle ng oscillation, mula umpisa hanggang magbalik sa parehong posisyon. Frequency (f) Ang bilang ng cycles kada segundo. Measured ito sa Hertz (Hz), at ito ang kabaliktaran ng period (\( f = 1/T \)). Parang isipin mo ang swing sa playground. Kapag pinakawalan mo, gagalaw ito pabalik-balik sa parehong pattern—yan ang oscillation. Laging may restoring force (gaya ng gravity o spring tension) na nagdadala nito pabalik sa gitna, pero dahil sa inertia, umaabot pa rin ito sa kabilang side bago muling bumalik. Ang regular na paggalaw na ito ang tinatawag na periodic motion.