Physical Science Lesson Summary PDF

PHYSICAL SCIENCE Aether - a mystical substance that LESSON SUMMARY exists and fills all the spaces in the univ...

PHYSICAL SCIENCE Aether - a mystical substance that LESSON SUMMARY exists and fills all the spaces in the universe. Aristotle - his view on motion was Corpuscular Theory of Light based on his observations. His - states that light was attempt was based on composed of tiny inductive-deductive reasoning particles called corpuscles and was acceptable for centuries. Reflection - act of light bouncing back when it hits a medium on a Motion - change in position with plane. (Bouncing back of light) respect to time Refraction - the process by which light Natural motion - object move and will shifts its path as it travels eventually return to its through a material, causing natural state the light to bend (Bending of light) Violent Motion - an object will move if an external force is applied to it Dispersion - white light is passed through a glass prism it splits into its Projectile Motion - the motion of an object is spectrum of colors (in order parallel to the ground until it violet, indigo, blue, green, falls back to the ground. yellow, orange and red) (Splitting and scattering of Impetus - the force or energy that light) permits an object to move Diffraction - the bending of light around Galileo - believed that the motion of corners such that it spreads objects is not simply due to out and illuminates areas the composition of the where a shadow is expected. objects. Ole Roemer - was the first person to Horizontal Motion - an object in motion, if not measure the speed of light. impeded, will continue to be He was observing the orbit of in motion and an external Io, the closest of the four force is not necessary to large moons of Jupiter. maintain that fore. 299 792 458 m/s - or simply 3.0x109 m/s is the Vertical Motion - in the absence of a speed of light resistance, objects would not fall depending on their weight Isaac Newton - light travels in the form of but in the time of fall. particles, proposed the Particle Theory of Light Projectile Motion - a combination of uniform motion in the horizontal Rene Descartes - the first to study and direction and uniformly explained the concept of accelerated motion in the refraction using spherical vertical direction. glass filled with water and sunlight to produce rainbow Christiaan Huygens - a Dutch astronomer and physicist, proposed the Wave Plenum - emergence of color through Theory of Light the invisible substance that permeated the universe Wave Theory of Light - states that light is a longitudinal wave transmitted through an aether. Photon - tiny particle of light that Thomas Young - studied the interference of comprises waves of light waves using the double electromagnetic radiation. slit experiment Ray of Light - A path a photon or a group August Fresnel - supported Young’s of photons takes through experiment with space, visible as a column of mathematical calculations light. Max Planck - German theoretical physicist Beam of Light - a group of light rays coming who discovered of quantum out from a source of Light is energy known as a point source. Quantum - finite packet of energy which depend on the frequency and Visible Light - the segment of the velocity of the radiation electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye can view. Francesco Grimaldi - Italian philosopher who discovered and coined the Interference - is the phenomena of word diffraction. multiple light waves interacting with one another Albert Einstein - proposed a solution on the under certain circumstances, behavior of light having the causing the combined characteristics of both wave amplitudes of the waves to and particle, introduced either increase or decrease. Photon Theory of light Constructive Interference – when waves meet Louise De Broglie - found out that the together probability of finding a particle at a particular Destructive Interference – when waves cancel each location is related to the wave other, no interaction associated with the particle, called “Matter Waves George John Stoney - introduced the name Theory” electron for electric charge quantity John Joseph Thomson - discovered and identified the electron using the cathode ray tube Electron - subatomic particle of the atom with a negative charge Positron - the anti-particle of the electron producing a pair or more of gamma ray photons Wave - a disturbance that travels through space-time and medium accompanied by transferring energy from one place to another Medium - a substance or material that carries the wave