Energy Stores - P1_1 Lesson 1 - PDF

STARTER True OR False WHEN ASKED TO, DISPLAY YOUR ANSWER  STARTER True OR False Energy is a fuel  STARTER True OR False Energy gets used up  STARTER True OR False Heat is a form of energy  STARTER True...

STARTER True OR False WHEN ASKED TO, DISPLAY YOUR ANSWER  STARTER True OR False Energy is a fuel  STARTER True OR False Energy gets used up  STARTER True OR False Heat is a form of energy  STARTER True OR False An engine transfers all its energy into moving a car.  STARTER True OR False Energy is dissipated, not lost when transferred.  ENERGY WHAT IS ENERGY? ENERGY IS THE ABILITY TO DO WORK WHAT DOES THAT MEAN? IT IS HARD TO DEFINE. ENERGY ALLOWS MATTER TO MOVE OR CAUSE CHANGE. ENERGY MAKES THINGS HAPPEN How many different forms of energy do you see in this movie clip? ‘LINK’  ENERGY – Why is it important? The concept of energy emerged in the 19th century. The idea was used to explain the work output of steam engines and then generalised to understand other heat engines. It also became a key tool for understanding chemical reactions and biological systems. Limits to the use of fossil fuels and global warming are critical problems for this century. Physicists and engineers are working hard to identify ways to reduce our energy usage.  Topic 1 1) Energy 2) Electricity 3) Particle model of matter 4) Atomic structure 5) Forces 6) Waves 7) Magnetism and electromagnetism 8) Space physics  Learning objectives 1. Recall different forms of energy. 1 2. Identify different energy stores 3. Explain how energy can be transferred between energy stores. 4. Detail how the energy stores change for various different processes. 9 Keywords: - Energy NOTICES: - Energy Stores - Transfer - Potential - Conservation Let’s start where we know.. We may already be aware of our different ‘forms of energy’ that we investigated at KS3 Can you remember these?  Sound Light Heat Electric Magnetic How many different forms of energy can you name? Nuclear Chemical Elastic/strain Gravitational potential Kinetic (movement)  Forms of Energy How to remember the 10 different forms of energy MAGNETIC Most KINETIC Kids HEAT/THERMAL LIGHT Hate GRAVITATIONAL Learning SOUND POTENTIAL CHEMICAL GCSE Energy ELASTIC POTENTIAL POTENTIAL ELECTRICAL Names NUCLEAR List examples of each form of energy  Energy for our GCSE For our GCSE we will now consider energy as energy stores and how we can transfer energy between different types of energy stores. Energy ‘store’ – what does ‘store’ mean? Store – something (or quantity) kept for use when needed.  Stores of Energy Kinetic - in a moving object Chemical - a fuel or battery. Gravitational - an object above ground. Elastic/strain - a stretched or squashed object. Thermal - due to a substances temperature. Magnetic - 2 separated magnets (attract/repel) Nuclear - radioactive decay. How can we increase or decrease these energy Energy Stores stores?  Energy transfers In order to increase an energy store, energy must be transferred between stores, this can be done through: Waves Heating Energy Transfers ‘Electric current’ Mechanical How could you increase a thermal energy store?  Stores of Energy & transfers We could increase a thermal energy store by heating an object up, we could do this using heat radiation (infra-red waves) to transfer energy. Give examples of how energy can be transferred: 1) Through Waves Light waves, infra-red radiation (heat), sound waves 2) Through Heating infra-red radiation (heat), 3) What does a Mechanical energy transfer mean? Force when it moves an object Waves Heating Energy Electric current Transfers Mechanical  Stores of Energy & transfers We need to be able to describe energy transfers and changes to energy stores Example of object falling: HIGH G.P.E When an object fall it speeds up, increasing its kinetic energy store and decreasing its gravitational potential INCREASING NO K.E K.E energy store DECREASING G.P.E Energy transfer flow diagrams Energy transfers can be represented as flow diagrams Light waves Electric Energy transferred Chemical current in to surroundings Energy wires Increase in thermal energy stores of surroundings Changes in energy stores in a torch Energy transfer flow diagrams Energy transfers can be represented as flow diagrams Sound waves Gravitational Kinetic Energy transferred potential energy energy store to surroundings Increase in thermal energy stores of surroundings Changes in energy stores for an object falling and hitting the ground  Energy transfer diagrams We can write energy transfers as flow diagrams to show the energy changes that occur. First we must consider the changes to the energy stores and how the energy is transferred. What energy transfers occurs with a car brake when it stops a car? The kinetic energy store decreases as mechanical energy transfer increases the thermal energy store and transfers energy as sound waves.  Energy transfer diagrams The kinetic energy store decreases as mechanical energy transfer increases the thermal energy store and transfers energy as sound waves. Sound waves Kinetic energy Mechanical store energy transfer Increase in thermal energy stores of brakes Energy Stores & Transfer Questions 1) Describe the changes to energy stores when: a) A ball falls in the air (2 marks) b) An electric heater is switched on (2 marks) 2) Describe two objects you could use to provided light and detail the energy transfers and energy store changes for each (4 marks) 3) Describe the changes in energy stores for a.. (2 marks)  Task - Energy Circus Write theCheck name with of theothers objecttoand seedetail if youthe gotchanges similar to energy descriptions stores involved.  F Exam Question – 3 marks Complete the following sentence about a bungee jumper(3 marks) Before the person jumps of the ledge he has a store of............................... energy. As the person gravitational potential falls, there store of ……………………………….. energy kinetic increases. As the bungee cord stretches it stores energy as ……………………………… energy. elastic potential  F Exam Question – 3 marks Complete the following sentence about a camp fire (3 marks) The wooden logs are a store............................... chemical energy. potential When the wood is being burnt this increases the ……………………………….. energy storethermal of the surroundings. Energy is transferred between these stores by …………………… waves