Philosophy Week 3 Notes PDF

**Man**- refer to the **entire human race**. **Human**- **refers to man as a species-** Homo sapiens or modern human beings. **Human beings**- used to distinguished man from other animals. **Person**- refers to a **human being granted recognition of certain rights**, protection, responsibilities,...

**Man**- refer to the **entire human race**. **Human**- **refers to man as a species-** Homo sapiens or modern human beings. **Human beings**- used to distinguished man from other animals. **Person**- refers to a **human being granted recognition of certain rights**, protection, responsibilities, and dignity, above all. **Personhood**- refers to **the state of being** a person. **Human nature**- refers to the **characteristics that distinguish human** from all other creatures. **Traits that defines a person** 1\. **Self-awareness**-refers to the person having a **clear perception of oneself**, including his or her thoughts, emotions, identity, and actions. The human person is define by a deeper awareness which is driven by **rationality** or **human thought**. **Self-describe** as the person who is actively **aware that he or she is perceiving and experiencing reality.** **Interiority**- which is the quality of being focused on **one\'s inner life and identity.** **2. Self-determination**- this refers to the **capability of persons to make choices and decisions based on their own preferences,** monitor, and regulate their actions, and be goal-oriented and self-directed. **Free will**- enables us to do actions whenever we want to and **makes self-determination possible.** **Consequence**- is the **result or effect of an action** **or condition.** **Morality**: the **goodness** **and badness of an act.** **Human action**- is an important aspect of the person that many philosophers consider human action as a way to **reveal a person\'s true nature**. **Externality** - the capability to **reach out** and **interact with others** and the world **3. Dignity**- the innate right to be valued and respected. **Human dignity** is rooted in the nature of the human being. **What is in our human nature that enables us to become persons?** **Spirit**- **enables us to exercise thought, possess awareness, interiority**, and the capacity to reach out to the outside world and other persons. **Human Persons- biologically deficient beings.** **Transcendence means:** **1 Exceeding usual limits or SURPASSING,** **2. Extending or lying beyond the limits of ordinary experience,** **3. In Kantian philosophy: Transcendence-being beyond the limits of all possible experience and knowledge** **The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit** **\"Despite the natural limitations, we have used our intellect to devise means to achieve several feats** **\"The ability to surpass limits is called transcendence.** **Our mind is an important tool that allows us to go beyond many of our physical limits.** **\"Although we have physical limitations, we can transcend them because of our spiritual dimensions.** **Transcendence also means overcoming oneself or being in control even if the body reminds us of certain tendencies.** **\"In summary, the essence of transcendence is to acknowledge our limitations,**