Pharmacology-Lecture-2024__ 1.pdf

ƒ It is defined as the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes. ƒ is any substance that brings about a change in biologic function through its chem...

ƒ It is defined as the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes. ƒ is any substance that brings about a change in biologic function through its chemical actions ƒ It is used in: ƒ Prevention ƒ Diagnosis ƒ Mitigation ƒ Treatment/Cure ‰ Drug-Receptor Bonds ƒ Drugs bind to receptors with a variety of chemical bonds. Æ Strong covalent bonds (which usually result in irreversible action) Æ Somewhat weaker electrostatic bonds (between a cation and an anion) Æ Much weaker interactions (hydrogen bond, van der Waals interactions, and hydrophobic bonds) ƒ Functional Modifiers ƒ Replenishers ƒ Diagnostic Agents ƒ Chemotherapeutic Agents Classification of drugs according to use ¾alter or modulate the normal physiologic functions ¾Examples: 9Analgesic drugs 9Anti-pyretic drugs 9Anti-inflammatory drugs 9Anti-hypertensive drugs Classification of drugs according to use ¾Supplement endogenous substances that are lacking or deficient in the body ¾Examples: 9Hormones (Insulin) 9IV Fluids/Electrolyte/ORS 9Multivitamins Classification of drugs according to use ¾In the case of pernicious anemia which is caused by an autoimmune disease that destroys parietal cells which secretes HCl and intrinsic factor, take Vitamin B12 Note: Pernic Pernicious PPIs, H2 cious anemia may also be caused d by by Blockers, and Fish Tape worms.  Classification of drugs according to use ¾ Agents used to determine the presence or absence of a condition or a diseas disease. se. ¾ Examples: 9Edrophonium 9Edroph honium ȋ‡•‹Ž‘ǯ• Test) Tesst) 9Histamine 9Histammine 9some Radiopharmaceuticals Radiopharrmaceuticalss 9Bariumm sulfate 9Dobutamine 9Dobutaamine and Dipyri Dipyridamole idamole ffor or DzŠƒ”ƒ DzŠƒƒ”ƒ ‘Ž‘‰‹ Stress Stress ‡•–‹‰dz ‰dz for CAD and MI. ‡•–‹‰ TE: Stress Test is an NOTE: NOT n electrocardiographic electrocardiograph hic test of heart function function before, beforee, during, during g, and after a controlled period and peeriod of increasingly strenuous strenuo ous exercise. exercise. Classification of drugs according to use ¾Agents used to kill or inhibit growth of cells or nucleic acid considered as foreign to the body. Selective toxicity is considered ¾Examples: 9Antineoplastics 9Anti-infectives