Pharmacology Terminology PDF

PHARMACOLOGY PHARMACOLOGY - Study of drugs and their Pharmacoepidemology – Deals with the effects interaction with living system. of drugs in a large population.  Studying Pharmacology can determine Toxicology – Stud...

PHARMACOLOGY PHARMACOLOGY - Study of drugs and their Pharmacoepidemology – Deals with the effects interaction with living system. of drugs in a large population.  Studying Pharmacology can determine Toxicology – Study of drugs adverse effects on the effects of Chemical agents upon sub- human body cellular systematic psychological or behavioral Teratology – Study of damage to fetus during development. TERMINOLOGIES TERMINOLOGIES Pharmacy – Branch of pharmacology that deals with study of preparation, compounding and Drugs – Used in diagnosis and prevention of dispensing of drugs. disease Bioavailability – The fraction of unchanged Pharmacokinetics – Is the study of absorption, drugs reaching the systemic circulation the metabolism, and excretion of drugs. following administration of any route. Pharmacodynamics – Basic medical science Bioequivalence – The Biochemical similarity of that deals with biochemical and physiological two (or more) drugs that share the same active effects and mechanism of action drugs. ingredients and desired outcomes. Pharmacotherapeutics – treatment and First Pass Effect – A Phenomenon wherein prevention drugs is metabolized between its site of administration and the site of sampling for  Pharmakon “Drugs” measurement of drugs concentrations.  Therapeia “Treatment” First order elimination kinetics – A constant Pharmacognosy – identification of crude or proportion of drugs is eliminated per unit time. naturally occurring drug Volume of Distribution – The measure of the  Pharmakon - “Drugs” apparent space in the body available to contain  Gnosis “Knowledge” the drug. Posology – Study of Dosage VD Formula – The formula of distribution is  Vd=Dd/Cp Posos “How Much" Clearance – Measure the ability of the body to Pharmacoeconomics – Study of economic eliminate drugs. factors regarding the cost of drug therapies. Steady State Concentration – where the Pharmacogenetics/Pharmacogenomics – amount of drugs that is eliminated in the body is Field of medicine that study genetics variation replaced exactly by the same amount of drugs is that cause differences in drugs response among taken. individuals.  PHARMACOLOGY Half Life (t1/2) – Duration of time required to Therapeutic Index – The ration of TD50 to the change the amount of drugs in the body by one ED50 (In Humans). half during the elimination. Tolerance – Decrease in the ability of the drugs Loading Dose – Promptly raises the to elicit a therapeutic response in the usual dose concentration of drugs in plasma to the target concentration. Tachyphylaxis – A Phenomenon where responsiveness to a drug diminishes rapidly after Maintenance Dose – Maintain a steady state drug administration. concentration of drugs. Overshoot / Rebound Phenomenon – Efficacy – Measure the ability of the drugs to Emergence or Re-Emergence of symptoms that treat the medical condition it Is indicated for. were either absent or controlled while taking a medication. But appear when the same Effectiveness – Measure on how well a drug medication is discontinued or reduced in dosage. works, its tolerability and ease of use. Idiosyncrasy / Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions – Potency – Concentration or dose of drugs Adverse drug reactions that are not related to the required to produce 50% of the drugs maximal known pharmacologic properties of the drugs. effect. Placebo / Placebo Response – Stimulated or Affinity – Refers to the ability of the drug to bond otherwise medically ineffectual treatment for a to its biological target. disease or other medical condition intended to deceive a patient. Median Effective Dose (ED50) – Dose producing a response that is 50% of the Xenobiotics – Substance absorbed across the maximum obtainable. lungs or skin, or more commonly ingested either unintentionally as compound s present in food or Median Toxic Dose (TD50) – Required produce drink or deliberately as drugs for therapeutic or a particular toxic effect to 50% of subjects. recreational purposes. Median Lethal Dose (LE50) – Required to cause death to 50% of animals or human will prove fatal. Therapeutic Dose – Required produce a desired effect. Therapeutic Window – Range of dose that produces therapeutic response without causing any significant adverse effects in patients.