Personal Development Lesson 1 PDF

Personal Development Lesson 1: Introduction to Personal Development Knowing Oneself  ❖Personal Development ❖Definition and other terms - Psychology and Personal Development - Personal Development in Ado...

Personal Development Lesson 1: Introduction to Personal Development Knowing Oneself  ❖Personal Development ❖Definition and other terms - Psychology and Personal Development - Personal Development in Adolescence Flow of the Discussion Learning 1. Understand and explain in your own words what Objective: personal development is; 2. Understand and explain the psychological basis of personal development; 3. Relate the concept of personal development to your own experiences as an adolescent; and 4. Express your spiritual and religious beliefs and how these influence your personal development.  Personal Development Lesson 1: Introduction to Personal Development  What do you understand about personal development? Cite an example of how personal development happens in real life? Assignment: Watch this video! Human Development and Personal Development 1. Physical development – growth of body and brain; motor and sensory skills; physical health 2. Cognitive development – capacity to learn, speak, understand, reason and create 3. Psychosocial development – emotions, interactions with people, attitudes, self – identity, personality, beliefs and values Human Development – covers the whole span of human existence Personal Development is one’s own development and growth in which is influenced by the following aspects: 1. heredity – inborn traits passed on through generations 2.environment – the world outside and the experiences we have gained as a result of interaction with other people 3. maturation – natural progression of the body and brain that affects the cognitive, psychological and social dimensions of a person.  Definition of Terms PERSONALITY PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT Set of emotional qualities Belonging or relating to a The process of growing or particular person maturing Ways of behaving Made of designed to used by one The state of being created or person made more advanced What is PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT? A process in which persons reflect upon themselves, understand who they are, accept what they discover about themselves, and learn (or unlearn) new sets of values, attitudes, behavior, and thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as human beings.  Personal Development Lesson 1: Introduction to Personal Development Knowing Oneself  Psychology being the study of PSYCHOLOGY AND human thinking and behavior PERSONAL serves as the FOUNDATION for DEVELOPMENT personal development. SCHOOLS OF THOUGHTS: 1.Humanistic Psychology 2.Positive Psychology  Proponents of Humanistic Psychology 1.Abraham Maslow – Hierarchy of needs peeking in “self-actualization” MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS  UPDATED MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS  Proponents of Humanistic Psychology 2. Carl Rogers – “the individual has within himself the capacity and the tendency, latent if not evident, to move forward toward maturity.”  Proponents of Positive Psychology 1.It is defined as the scientific study of the strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive. 2.The field is founded on the belief that people want to lead meaningful and fulfilling lives, to cultivate what is best within them, and to enhance their experience of love, work and play.  Personal Development Lesson 1: Introduction to Personal Development Knowing Oneself  Personal Development in Adolescence ✔ It is the stage from puberty to adulthood and involves the psychological experiences during this period. Adolescence is the teenage to eighteen years old.  Personal Development in Adolescence Puberty refers to the physiological changes included in the sexual maturation of a child, along with other body changes that may take place during this period.  Personal Development in Adolescence Adolescence starts with the biological changes called PUBERTY. Biological changes brings about cognitive and affective changes, Child is capable of reasoning about abstract concepts and problems (Piaget) More inquisitive about philosophy, religion and politics. Relationships with family and friends are also after during puberty. Friends are the center.  Personal Development in Adolescence ✔Adolescence is the transition period between childhood and adulthood. ✔Age between 11 to 18 STAGES OF ADOLESCENCE 1.Early adolescence – between 10 – 13 years old 2.Middle adolescence – between 14 – 16 years old 3.Late adolescence – between 17 – 20 years old  3 STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT 1. Early adolescence (ages 10-14) ✔ adolescents experience the early stages of puberty in this developmental phase. Both male and female experience major physical growth and intensified sexual interest.  3 STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT 2.Middle adolescence (ages 15-17) ✔ during the middle adolescence stage, puberty is completed for males and females. Physical growth slows for females but continues for males. ✔ adolescents in this stage continue to experience a growing capacity for abstract thought.  3 STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT 3. Late adolescence (ages 18-24) ✔ adolescents in the late adolescence/young adulthood phase typically experience fewer physical developments and more cognitive developments. ✔ adolescents gain the ability to think about ideas rationally, delay gratification, plan for the future, and gain a firm sense of identity.  Spituality and Religious Beliefs in Personal Development Feist and Rosenberg (2012) infer that during adolescence, young people will start asking about abstract questions, like religion and beliefs, whose teachings may serve as the core or basis in developing one’s self.  Personal Development Lesson 1: Introduction to Personal Development Knowing Oneself  Defining the self Personality (Nature, Nurture and Personality) Trait Theories Personality Traits Measuring Personality Flow of the Discussion Learning 1. Conduct self-exploration and simple Objective: disclosure 2. Explain that knowing oneself can make a person accept his or her strengths and limitations, and deal with others better. 3. Share your unique characteristics, habits, and experiences. 4. Maintain a journal.  Personal Development Lesson 1 Knowing and understanding Oneself during Middle and Late Adolescence  BIG QUESTION: How can understanding pave the way to self – acceptance and better relationship with others? Imagine yourself looking into the mirror… What do you see?  Personal Development Lesson 1 Knowing and understanding Oneself during Middle and Late Adolescence  IDEAL SELF It is the self that you aspire to be… It is the one that you hope will possess characteristics similar to that of a mentor of some other worldly figure.  Actual Self It is the one that you actually see… It is the self that has characteristics that you were nurtured or in some cases, born to have. Do you see your ideal self? Or Your actual self? The Self, in contemporary literature and even common sense, is commonly defined by the following SELF characteristics: “separate, self-contained, independent, consistent, unitary, When we talk about the self, being “separate,” it means it is SELF distinct, different and unique from others. It has its own Being uniqueness that defines him/her from others. It has an identity of its own, even twins, may it be separate fraternal, is very much distinct from the other. When we are talking about “self-contained,” we SELF describe its existence as Being having its own independence. It may exist Self-Contai with or without others; it is ned self-containing of its own thoughts, characteristics and volition.  SELF - CONCEPT It refers to your awareness of Self-Concept can also be our comparison to yourself. is a combination of both others, even our people who have a direct our actual-self (present) and and indirect influence. ideal-self (future self).  The actual self is build on self – knowledge. SELF-KNOWLEDGE It is derived from social interactions that provide insight into how others react to you. The actual self is who we really are. It is how we think, how we feel, look and act.  The actual self is can be seen by others, but because we have no way of truly knowing how others view us, the actual self is our SELF IMAGE. The ideal self on the other hand, is how we want to be. It is an idealized image that we have developed over time based on what we have learned and experienced.  The ideal self could include components of what our parents taught us, what we admire in others, what our society promotes and what we think is in our best interest.  There is a negotiation that exists between the two selves which is complex because there are numerous exchanges between the real and ideal self. Alignment is important. If the way that I am (actual self) is aligned with the way that I want to be (ideal self), then I will feel a sense of mental well-being or peace of mind. If the way I am is not aligned with how I want to be, the incongruence, or lack of alignment, will result in mental distress or anxiety.  There is a negotiation that exists between the two selves which is complex because there are numerous exchanges between the real and ideal self. Alignment is important. If the way that I am (actual self) is aligned with the way that I want to be (ideal self), then I will feel a sense of mental well-being or peace of mind. If the way I am is not aligned with how I want to be, the incongruence, or lack of alignment, will result in mental distress or anxiety. 1. PHYSICAL SELF – Describe yourself. Include descriptions of your height, weight, quality of skin and hair, etc. 2. INTELLECTUAL SELF – Include here an assessment of how well you reason and solve problems, your capacity to learn and create, your specific area of knowledge 3. EMOTIONAL SELF- Write as many words or phrase of your feelings that you usually have, the feelings you want to avoid. 4. SENSUAL SELF – What sense do you usually use the most – sight, hearing, speaking, smelling, touching? In what ways do you let information in and out of your body? 5. INTERACTIONAL SELF – How are you as a person when you interact with your family, friends and special someone? Describe what kind of sons/daughter, brother/sister, friend and boyfriend/girlfriend you are. 6. NUTRITIONAL SELF – How do your nourish yourself? What food do you like and dislike? 7. CONTEXTUAL SELF – Descriptors could be in the areas of living environment: reaction to light, temperature, living space etc. 8. SPIRITUAL SELF or LIFE FORCE – Write words which include your feelings towards your religion. Think about your inner joy and peace. What is your spiritual routine? It is referred to as the set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, and motives that identifies an individual. It is Personality usually described in behavioral terms that are observable and measurable. It is the unique and relatively enduring set of Personality behaviors, feelings, thoughts and motives that characterize an individual. It is a pattern of habits, attitudes, and traits that Personality determines an individual’s characteristics, behaviors and traits.  Traits Theories It is an approach in identifying types of personalities based on certain traits or attributes.  Traits Theories The study involves a set number of personality traits (although the number of traits can vary wildly) and assigns the degree that a trait exists, which then determines the individual’s personality.  Traits Theories Big Five or Five – Factor Model (OCEAN) 1. OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE – curiosity, interest, imagination and creativity to new ideas 2. Conscientiousness – planning, organizing, controlling 3. Extraversion – sociable, talkative, fun-loving 4. Agreeableness – friendly, warm, trusting, kind hearted 5. Neuroticism – calm, relaxed, comfortable Big Five or Five-Factor Model  Traits Theories Personality Model based on four preferences of individuals: 1. E or I -Extraversion or Intraversion How an individual prefers to channel his energy whether inward or outward 2. S or N -Sensing or iNtuition How one prefers to process information whether through the senses or intuition which deals with ideas.  Traits Theories Personality Model based on four preferences of individuals: 3. T or F -Thinking or Feeling How an individual prefers to make decisions either thinking (logic) or feelings (senses) 4. J or P -Judgment or Perception How one prefers to manage one’s life, whether through judging (planned and organized life) versus perception (flexible approach to learning.  Nature, Nurture and Personality Nurture: heredity or genetic makeup Nature: Environment  Nature, Nurture and Personality What is the equivalent of personality in our culture? How would you define it?  Check out! https://www.personalityperf ect.com/16-personality-types /  Try this! https://www.personalityperf ect.com/test/free-personalit y-test  Demonstrate Illustration of yourself  Self Development The stages of man have many broad aspects covering different developmental tasks and adjustments. As an adolescent, it is undeniable that during this year, you find it most important to know yourselves deeper. You had experienced most of the time you find yourself asking ‘what do you really want’ or ‘why do you really like doing these things or being with these people’.  Know Thy Self According to the philosophical point of view, “An unexamined life is not worth living”, this is one of the famous lines once uttered by one of the greatest philosophers of Ancient Greek, Socrates. Know Thyself is an old maxim or aphorism which in time has been used in varied literature and consequently gained different meanings. One of its meanings is recorded in the Greek encyclopaedia of knowledge called “The Suda”.  Know Thy Self Thomas Hobbes also discussed his own views about the maxim from which he used the phrase “read thyself” in his famous work The Leviathan. He stressed that an individual could learn more by studying others and that he/she can do this by engaging himself/herself to reading books. However, Hobbes emphasized that a person learns more by studying oneself.  Self Concept Self-concept is one’s abstract and general idea about him/herself particularly toward his/her unique personality and his/her own perception about his/her set of values, point of views and behavior.  Self Concept This theory began as Rene Descartes, the Father of Modern Philosophy, proposed his theory that a person’s existence depends on his/her perception. Rene Descartes stated that mind is the seat of consciousness. This means that it is in the mind that we know everything about ourselves like our identity, passion, interest, feelings, and/or intellect, thus everything that we are comes from the mind.  Self Concept Self-concept theory has a lot of suppositions regarding how people learn to judge themselves. Among these, Sincero named three aspects such as: Learned, Organized, and Dynamic.  Self Concept is Learned This explains that no individual is born with self-concept. A person will soon develop this as he/she grows old. This means that self-concept can only be acquired as soon as the person learns how to mingle with others and so this indicates that self-concept is influenced by the person’s environment and can be a product of the person’s socialization.  Self Concept is Organized This stresses out that one’s perception towards him/her is firm. This means that a person may hear other people’s point of view regarding him/her but will keep on believing that what he/she thinks of himself/herself is always the right one. Change on one’s perceptions towards him/her, however, may also be possible but it takes time.  Self-concept is Dynamic As an individual grows older, he/she continues to encounter problems or challenges that may reveal his/her self-concept in that particular time or situation. A person will definitely respond to the scenario based on his/her own insights and how he/she perceives himself/herself in the situation. Thus, self-concept undergoes development as the person goes through different experiences.  Psychoanalysis Theory Aside from the philosophers above, Sigmund Freud who is a well-known psychologist, neurologist and the creator of Psychoanalysis Theory and the father of psychoanalysis, proposed that there are three components of personality within us: the Id, Ego and Superego that certainly play a vital role of how we think of ourselves.  The Id Freud explained that man's personality is driven by pleasure principle. This means that the nature of Id is to satisfy man's desire without thinking much of the situation. This nature is being developed at a young age or present from birth.  Example An infant will cry if he/she wants to be fed to satisfy his/her hunger. Definitely, an infant cannot exactly explain what he/she really wants. Also, infants do grab things and would want to get things on their hands not minding if they hurt or if they are important or not. All they want is to get them for they want them. This is the nature of Id, when the Id wants it, the rest are no longer important. However, this instinct is controlled by the ego and superego as these aspects are developed in man’s life later on.  The Ego This is the second component of the personality that is developed at approximately the age of three. This operates according to reality which makes it possible for the Id to work in a more proper and satisfactory ways. The ego will give a more socially accepted means of getting the desires and wants of a person without getting to hurt others feelings. In other words, it is the job of the ego to provide a man some guidelines on how to behave accordingly while he fulfilled his pleasure. This component of our personality is manifested whenever we try to satisfy our cravings without compromising our self-image to others.  The Superego Freud believed that this aspect of man begins to manifest as a child turns 5. This is the last component of personality which holds our moral judgments or concept of right and wrong that are believed to be acquired from the family and the environment. This personality is developed as man learns the culture of distinguishing right from wrong based on the set of guidelines and standards that are known to people which might have been probably imposed by the people in the community like parents, teachers, elders or the community as a whole. Therefore, superego directs a man’s life in order for him to avoid hurting others. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the id is the primitive and instinctual part of the mind that contains sexual and aggressive drives and hidden memories, the super-ego operates as a moral conscience, and the ego is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego.