PEH 103 Midterm Reviewer PDF

PEH 103 MIDTERM REVIEWER Most Essential Topics: Met #1: Personal Health Inventory Met #2: Dance as Health Enhancing Physical Activity Met #3: Safety Precautions in Dance Participation Met #4: An Introduction to Dance Genre LESSON 1: Health-Related Fitness Benefits in Dance Activity participation...

PEH 103 MIDTERM REVIEWER Most Essential Topics: Met #1: Personal Health Inventory Met #2: Dance as Health Enhancing Physical Activity Met #3: Safety Precautions in Dance Participation Met #4: An Introduction to Dance Genre LESSON 1: Health-Related Fitness Benefits in Dance Activity participation WHAT IS DANCE? Dance is the rhythmic, expressive movement of the body, often performed to music, used to convey emotions, tell stories, celebrate cultural traditions, and engage in physical activity. WHAT IS THE NATURE OF DANCE? Expressive- Dance is a form of non-verbal communication that conveys emotions, stories, and ideas through movement. Rhythmic- Dance involves movements that are synchronized with a beat or rhythm, whether it be music, natural sounds, or even silence. Cultural- Dance is deeply rooted in cultural traditions and can reflect the customs, values, and beliefs of a society. Physical-Dance is a physical activity that involves coordination, balance, flexibility, and strength. Aesthetic-Dance is often created with an artistic intention, focusing on form, beauty, and the visual and emotional impact of movement. Social-Dance can be a social activity that brings people together for celebration, ritual, or recreation. BENEFITS OF DANCE Health Related Fitness Cardiorespiratory Endurance ✓ the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to supply oxygen to the cells to meet the demands of prolonged physical activity and is also referred to as aerobic exercise. Muscular Strength ✓ The maximal force that can be generated by a specific muscle or group of muscles. Muscular Endurance ✓ The ability of a muscle or muscle group to sustain repeated contractions (perform work) overtime to fatigue. Body Composition ✓ Is the ratio of fat to lean mass (muscle, bone, etc.) in the body, reflecting overall health and fitness. Flexibility ✓ The ability of a joint to move through its normal, full range of motion—is important for general fitness and wellness. Power ✓ person's ability to transfer energy into force at a rapid pace also known as explosive body movement. Power is a combi- nation of strength and speed. LESSON 2: 2.1 Wellness in Dance Participation 2.2 Dance Safety Protocols 2.3 Principles of Fitness Program in Dance FITT PRINCIPLE Principles of training program - Fundamental guidelines that ensure exercise routines are effective, safe, and tailored to achieve specific fitness goals. Frequency - How often you exercise (e.g., number of days per week). Intensity - How hard you exercise (e.g., low, moderate, or high).  Time - How long you exercise during each session (e.g., duration of the workout). Type - The kind of exercise you do (e.g., HRF Components). GENERAL DANCE SAFETY PROTOCOL BEFORE Dance Participation 1. Appropriate Footwear and Attire 2. Warm-up 3. Proper Technique 4. Environment Check DURING 1. Hydration 2. Monitor Technique 3. Listen to your body AFTER 1. Cool-Down 2. Rest 3. Injury Management LESSON 3: Dance Elements, Types And Form ELEMENTS OF DANCE Body - In dance, the body is the mobile figure or shape, felt by the dancer, seen by others. - Dancers may emphasize specific parts of their body in a dance phrase or use their whole body all at once. Action - any human movement included in the act of dancing— it can include dance steps, facial movements, partner lifts, gestures, and even everyday movements such as walking. - 2 TYPES OF BODILY SHAPES: o Symmetrical – balance shape; movements are practically identical or similar on both sides. o Asymmetrical – unbalance shape; movements of two sides of the body do not match or completely different from each other. Group Shapes - A group of dancers performing a movement in different group shapes. The dancers are arranged in narrow,. wide, rounded, angular, symmetrical, asymmetrical, and are viewed together as a total picture. Space - Dancers interact with space in myriad ways. They may stay in one place or they may travel from one place to another. They may alter the direction, level, size, and pathways of their movements. - SPATIAL ELEMENTS o Direction – dance movements can travel in any direction. o Size – movements can be varied by doing larger or smaller actions o Level – movements can be done in a high, medium, or low level. o Focus – performers may change their focus by looking at different directions. Time - The keyword for the element of time is When? - Rhythmic patterns may be metered or free rhythm. Much of western music uses repeating patterns (2/4 or 3/4 for example), but concepts of time and meter are used very differently throughout the world. Energy - Energy is about how the movement happens. Choices about energy include variations in movement flow and the use of force, tension, and weight. Energy may change in an instant, and several types of energy may be concurrently in play; - SIX QUALITIES OF DANCE ENERGIES o Sustained- movements are done smoothly, continuously, and with flow and control. It does not have clear ending and beginning. o Percussive- movements are explosive/sharp in contrast w/ sustained movements. They have a clear beginning and ending. o Vibratory- movements are consist of trembling and shaking. o Swinging- movements trace a curve line or an arc in a space. Movements are relaxed and giving in to gravity on downward part of the motion, followed by an upward application of energy. o Suspended- movements are perched or hanging on air. o Collapsing- movements are released in tension and gradually/abruptly giving into gravity, letting the body descend on the floor. TYPES & FORMS OF DANCE Philippine Traditional Dance encompasses folk dances, reflecting daily life and local customs with vibrant costumes and rhythms, and ethnic dances, rooted in indigenous rituals and spiritual practices, featuring traditional attire and symbolic movements.  Modern Dance- focuses on expressive, innovative movement, breaking from classical ballet. Contemporary Dance- blends various styles and techniques, emphasizing experimentation and addressing current themes. Ballroom dance includes, recreational- dancing for social enjoyment at events, and Competitive- dancing with formal techniques judged in competitions for precision and style. Cheerdance is a performance sport that combines cheerleading and dance. It involves routines featuring acrobatic stunts, jumps, tumbling, and synchronized dance moves, typically performed to support sports teams or entertain audiences. Hip-Hop/Street Dance is an energetic dance style from urban areas, featuring freestyle improvisation and techniques like breaking, locking, and popping, performed to hip-hop music with a focus on self-expression and creativity. Festival Dance is a vibrant and energetic dance performed during local or cultural festivals. It showcases traditional or celebratory movements and often involves colorful costumes and lively music to honor specific events, traditions, or deities. FIVE FUNDAMENTAL POSITIONS OF ARMS AND FEET Preparatory- Stand erect, chest out, relax your shoulder and arms Second Position- Arms sideward, raised below shoulder level with a graceful curve. Bring feet apart sideward. Third Position- Raise one arm overhead while other arm remains in 2nd position. Bring the heel of one foot to touch the instep of the other foot. Fourth Position- Raise one arm in front of chest in a half circle, while one arm remains overhead. Bring one foot in front of the other foot to walk strike. Fifth Position- Raise both arms overhead in a graceful curve. Bring the heel of one foot to touch the toe of the other. PHILIPPINE COMMON FOLK DANCE TERMINOLOGIES Arms in Lateral Position – both arms are at one side, either sideward right or left. This may be done at shoulder chest or waist level. Arms in Reverse “T” position – Arms are side horizontal, elbows bent at right angles, forearms parallel to head, palms forward or facing inward, fists loosely closed. Bilao – To turn hands up and sown alternately, hands at waist level in front, elbows close to waist. Brush – Weight on one foot, hit the floor with the ball or heel of the other foot (the free foot) after which that foot is lifted from the floor to any direction. Cross- Over – Two couples (the vis-à-vis) are opposite each other. Each couple proceeds in a straight line to the opposite place. The girl passes by their Left shoulders between the boy. Boys bow to each other when they meet at the middle or at about one-third of the way, then proceed to the opposite place. Upon reaching the opposite place, partners turnabout, girls stand at partners’ right side.  Crossed arms – Partners are facing each other or standing side by side, girl at the right of boy. They join their Left hands together and their Right hands together either Right over Left or Left over Right hands. Cut – To displace quickly one foot with the other, thus completely taking off the weight of the body from the displaced foot. Do-Si-Do(“Dos-a-Dos”) – The vis-à-vis (opposite) both advance forward, pass each other’s right (or left) side, step across to the right (or left), move backward without turning around pass each other’s left (or right) side to proper places. This is of foreign origin and is used in many Philippine dances. Draw – To pull one foot along the floor close to the other which has the weight of the body The weight may or may not be transferred. Hand on Waist – Place hands at the waist line (at the smallest part of the trunk), knuckles in, fingers pointing in rear. Hapay – To flourish or offer a handkerchief, hat or glass of wine to somebody as a sign of invitation. Hayon –Hayon – To place one forearm in front and the other at the back of the waist. This is a Visayan term. Hop – A spring from one-foot landing on the same foot in place or any direction (in front, in rear, sideward or across). Jaleo – Partners turn once around clockwise (with right elbows almost touching) or counter clockwise with left elbows almost touching) using walking or any kind of dance step. The hands near each other are on waists. This is a tagalong term but is of Spanish origin. Jump – Spring on one foot or both feet, landing on both in any direction. Kumintang – Moving the hand from the wrist either in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. This is an Ilocano term. Leap – A spring from one-foot landing on the other foot in any direction (forward, sideward, backward or oblique) Masiwak – To turn the hand from the wrist half-way clockwise then raise and lower wrist once or twice. This is an Ibanag term. Place – To put the foot in a certain or desired position without putting weight on it. The sole of the foot rests flat on the floor. Point – Touch lightly with the toes of one foot, weight of the body on the other. Saludo –partner bow to each other, to the audience, opposite dancers, or to the neighbor. Sarok – Cross the Right (or left) foot in front of the Left (or right), bend the body slightly forward and cross the hands down in front with the Right (Left) hand over the Left(Right).  Stamp – To bring down the foot forcibly and noisily on the floor (like doing heavy steps). Star with the Right Hand – Four or more people advance to the center and join Right hands and circle around clockwise using walking or change or any other step. Star with the left hand – same as “Star with the Right hand” only join Left hands and counterclockwise. Step – To advance or recede by raising and moving one foot to another resting place. There is a complete transfer of weight from one foot to the other. Tap – To tap lightly with the ball or tip of the toe, placing weight of the body on the foot. There is no change or transfer of weight here.