PE REVIEWER.docx

**[Dance]**\ - one of the oldest of the arts.\ - performed by tribal societies for battle, victory, and hunting.\ - performing art from consisting of purposely selected sequence of human movement.\ - *"Movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space, for the purpose...

**[Dance]**\ - one of the oldest of the arts.\ - performed by tribal societies for battle, victory, and hunting.\ - performing art from consisting of purposely selected sequence of human movement.\ - *"Movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space, for the purpose of expressing and idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself."* -- **Judith R. Mackrell** **Significance of Dance Education\ -** students learn teamwork, focus, and improvisational skills. It awakens new perception in children.\ - ***Movement + Rhythm = Dance***\ - **Dance** comes from the **Latin** word **"Danson"** which mean **to drag.**\ \ **Movement** -- is a **change of position in space.** Governed with mechanical principles that **limit the ability of individuals** to move effectively and efficiently.\ **Rhythm** -- is a **measured motion or flow**, characterized by **basically recurrence of elements** or features as beats, sounds, or accents.\ **Dance** -- a **successive group of bodily movements** and steps rhythmically performs and timed to music.\ - comes from the Latin word "Danson" which means **to drag** or **to stretch.**\ - theoretically, the word **"sayaw"** is derived from the word **"saya"** which means happy in Tagalog.\ \ **Francisca Reyes-Aquino**\ - March 9, 1899 to November 21, 1983\ - **Mother of Philippine Folk Dance**\ - recipient of the **Republic Award** and the **Ramon Magsaysay Award** for her notable research about folk dance.\ - designated **National Artist of the Philippines for Dance\ \ Importance of Dance\ **- it **creates a sense of community** where people come together to dance.\ - it is a **source of relaxation** that helps bodies and minds relax.\ - it is **a way of exercising and conditioning**; it is a great form of aerobic exercise.\ - it is a **source of entertainment** because of the willingness of people to join with others.\ \ **Elements of Dance**\ - **foundational concepts and vocabulary** that helps students develop movement skills and understandable dance as an artistic practice.\ - **Elements of Dance:** B.A.S.T.E (Body, Action, Space, Time, and Energy)\ \ **Body** -- mobile figure or shape, felt by the dancer, seen by the others.\ **Action** -- is any human movement included in the act of dancing.\ **Space** -- dancers interact with space in myriad ways. They may stay in one place or may travel to another. **Space**\ - **Directions:** forward, backward, sideways, up, down, etc.\ - **Level:** distance from the floor (high, medium, low)\ - **Pathways:** pattern that the body makes as it moves through space or on the floor.\ - **Shape:** the design of the body as it exists in space.\ \ **Time** -- keyword for this element is **'when'.**\ **Energy** -- how the movement happens. Includes variations in movement flow, use of force, tension, and weight.\ \ **Reason for Dancing**\ - to passed the course subject, have fun, passion, emotional treatment.\ \ Classification of Dances\ 1. **Folk or Ethnic Dance** -- cultural art forms handed down from generation to generation. Also, it is a traditional dance of a country that evolved naturally and spontaneously.\ \ **Classification of Philippine Folk Dance**\ *[Geography]*\ **National Dances** -- traditional dances throughout Philippines.\ **Local or Regional Dances** -- dances found in certain localities or region only.\ *[Nature]*\ **Occupational Dance** -- dances that depicts actions, characteristics, occupations, industries, etc.\ **Religious or Ceremonial Dances** -- performed in connection with religious vows, practices, and ceremonies. Also, believe to be used to drive away evil spirits and for blessings. *(ex. Obando, dugso, sinurog)*\ **Courtship Dances** -- depicts love-making or with a love-theme. *(ex. Rogelia, lulay, hele-hele)\ ***Wedding Dances** -- performed by newlyweds, friends and families by the newlyweds. *(ex. pantomina, pandang, soryano)\ ***Festival Dance** -- performed in connections with the celebrations, a feast, fiesta, and good fortune*. (ex. kuratsa, la jota, and putong)\ ***War Dances** -- intended to show imaginary combat or duel with the use of fighting implements like bolo, kris, or spear. *(ex. inabaknon, sagayan)*\ **Comic Dances** -- dances with funny and humorous movements*. (ex. makonggo, kinoton)*\ **Game Dances** -- dances that some play elements and are for recreational purposes. *(ex. lubi-lubi, gayong-gayong, pabo)\ \ *Types of Philippine Folk Dance *\ ***Western Influence Dance**\ - originated in Luzon and Visayas\ - brought by the Spaniard in 16^th^ century*\ - ex. la jota, paseo de Iloilo, mazurka\ \ ***Rural Dance**\ - originated in Luzon\ - illustrate the fiesta spirit and demonstrate a love of life.\ *- ex. binusuan, tinikling\ \ \ \ ***Muslim Dance**\ - originated in southern part of the country\ - describes the everyday living life of the people; uses fingers to express their feelings. *\ - ex. singkil, vinta\ \ ***Tribal or Lesser Known Dance**\ - originated in Mindanao and Luzon\ - performed essentially for the gods; is a ceremonial type of dance.\ *- ex. udol, mandaya\ \ ***Cordillera Dance**\ - originated in Northern Luzon\ - to celebrate victories, festivals, religious, rituals, thanksgiving, etc.\ *- ex. uya-uy* **[Fundamental Arms and Feet Position\ ]**- Philippine Folk Dances incorporate five (5) fundamental positions that characterizes their expressive movements, whether slow or fast paced.\ \ **Arms Positions** ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ **FIRST POSITION**\ Raise your **arms into a circle in front of your chest.** Both arms aligned in front of your chest with both arms slightly curved. ----------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  **SECOND POSITION\ **Open your **arms sideward** at shoulder level. **THIRD POSITION\ One arm is raised above your head,** other maintains the second position.  **FOURTH POSITION\ Arms in the second position would be raise forward** just like how it was in the first position, the other arm maintains. **FIFTH POSITION\ both arms should be lifted above your head,** slightly curved. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Feet Positions -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  FIRST POSITION\ form **a V-shape with your feet** by bringing your heels together to touch. ----------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECOND POSITION\ move one **foot sideward making a distance of 12 inches.** ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  **THIRD POSITION**\ bring **your foot's heel to touch the arch of your other foot**, with both feet outward. ------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **FOURTH POSITION\ put your other foot forward while the other retains its position** and the distance should be about 12 inches.  **FIFTH POSITION\ bring the heel of the toe to touch the toe of the other** and feet should still be pointing outward. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **[\ Common Dance Terms and Dance Steps in Philippine Folk Dance]** - **General Space** -- defined space where the dancer can move be it in a small, large stage, or even in an outdoor setting. - **Personal Space** -- the space around the dancer's body can also be called **near space.** - **Free Foot** -- foot no bearing the weight of the body. - **Free Hand** -- hand not place anywhere or not doing anything. - **Inside Foot** -- foot nearest one's partner, when partners stand side by side. - **Inside Hand** -- hand nearest one's partner, when partners stand side by side. - **Hand on Waist** -- place hands at the waist line (smallest part of the trunk), knuckles in, fingers pointing in rear. - **Abracete** -- girl at the right side, holds right arm of the partner with her left hand, free hands down at the side. **Spanish term** used in Rigodon and other dances. - **Saludo** -- partner bow to each other, to the audience, opposite dancers, or to the neighbor. - **Arms in Lateral Position** -- both arms are at one side, either sideward right or left. This may be done at shoulder chest or waist level. - **Bilao** -- turn hands up and down alternately, hands at waist level in front, elbows close to waist. - **Crossed Arms** -- partners are facing each other or standing side by side, girl at the right of the boy. They joined their right and left hands together over each other. - **Kumintang** -- moving the hand from the wrist either in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. An **Ilocano** term. - **Waltz** -- step close step - **Brush** -- weight on one foot, hit the floor with the ball or heel of the other foot (free foot) after which that foot is lifted from the floor to any direction. - **Turns** -- clockwise or counterclockwise. - **Cut** -- to displace quickly one foot with the other, thus completely taking off the weight of the body from the dispatched foot. - **Hayon Hayon** -- to place one forearm in front and the other at the back of the waist. Is a **Visayan** term. - **Jaleo** -- partners turn once around clockwise (with right elbows almost touching) or counterclockwise (with left elbows almost touching) using walking or any kind of dance step. **Spanish** origin. - **Dosido-Do-Si-Do (Dos-a-Dos) --** both advance forward, pass each other's right or left side, step across to the right, move backward without turning around pass each other's left side to proper places. (vis-à-vis = opposite) - **Cross Over --** are opposite at each other. Each couple proceeds in a straight line to the opposite places. - **Sarok --** cross the right (or left foot) in front of the left (or right), bend the body slightly forward and cross the hands down in front. **[Philippine Folk Dance ]** **Tiklos**\ - has been a very important factor in the social life of the peasants in Leyte, Philippines.\ - also called **"pintakasi"** that refers to a group of peasants who agree to work for each other one day each week to clear the forest, prepare the soil for planting, or to do any job on the farm.\ - tiklos music is playes with a **guitar and the guimbalor the tambora (drum).**\ - was **introduced in 1967 at the University of the Pacific Folk Dance Camp by Bernardo T. Padere,** who was the lead male dancer and dance consultant of the **Leyte Filipiniana Folk Dance Group** which in 1966 toured the United States.  [END ]