Philippine Education Laws (PDF)

R NA N CE TO GO V E R EL AT ED 55 LAW S TI L RA 66 TI ON UN E DU CA OF 5 by Group esented Pr  MEET THE GROUP...

R NA N CE TO GO V E R EL AT ED 55 LAW S TI L RA 66 TI ON UN E DU CA OF 5 by Group esented Pr  MEET THE GROUP Kimberly Alpuerto Leader Frederick T. Salde Glecyl R. Galeon Dave T. Sugarol Yarra T. Ibale Member Member Member Member  SUBJECT PROFESSOR Prof. Arvin B. Salera LAWS RELATED TO GOVERNANCE OF EDUCATION UNTIL RA 6655  OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: identify laws governing education in the Philippines; define the key aspects of Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 (Educational Act of 1982); discuss the right of citizens to quality basic education; and recognize the role of TESDA's Assessment and Certification Program.  The following are excerpts of laws on the solid foundations of why and how educational institutions exist. 1. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. 2. Batas Pambansa Blg. 232 3. RA 7160 4. RA 9155 5. EO 356 6. RA 6655  N OF TH E ST ITU T IO 198 7 C ON N ES THE PH ILIPP I IC OF TH E REP U BL rt icle X IV s, A logy, Art d T ec h n o c ie n c e a n n , S Educatio u re a n d S p ort s C u lt THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES EDUCATION EDUCATION PROVISIONS SYSTEM Right to Education: The State Complete Education System: ensures quality and accessible Establishes a relevant system to education for all. meet societal needs. Public Education: Free elementary Alternative Learning: Encourages and high school education, with non-formal, informal, and elementary being compulsory. indigenous learning systems(ex. Scholarships: Support for ALS). scholarships and incentives, Training Programs: Provides especially for underprivileged vocational training for adults, students. disabled individuals, and out-of- school youth (ex. TESDA). THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES LANGUAGE, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS AND CULTURE, AND SPORTS LANGUAGE (Sections 6-9) National Language: Filipino is the national language. English is the official language for communication and instruction. Regional languages are auxiliary languages. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Sections 10-13) Importance for Development: Priority on research, innovation, and education. Incentives for private participation in scientific research. Protection of intellectual property rights. THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES LANGUAGE, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ARTS AND CULTURE, AND SPORTS Arts and Culture (Sections 14-18) Cultural Preservation: Foster a Filipino national culture. Patronage of arts and letters. Support for indigenous cultures and community access to cultural opportunities. Sports (Section 19) Promotion of Physical Education: Encourage sports programs and competitions. Collaboration between educational institutions and athletic clubs.  M B ANSA BATAS PA BLG. 232 t Of 1982 cation Ac Edu BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 known as the "Education Act of 1982" an act providing for the establishment and maintenance of an integrated system of education was signed into law by then President Ferdinand Marcos on September 11, 1982 governs formal and non-formal education systems in public and private schools in all levels, one of the legal bases for education in the Philippines BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS: 1. To achieve and maintain an accelerating rate of economic development and social progress; 2. To assure the maximum participation of all the people in the attainment and enjoyment of the benefits of such growth; and 3. To achieve and strengthen national unity and consciousness and preserve, develop and promote desirable cultural, moral and spiritual values in a changing world. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 SECTION 3 The State shall promote the The State shall promote the right of every individual to right of the nation's cultural relevant quality education, communities in the exercise of regardless of sex, age, creed, their right to develop socio-economic status, physical themselves within the context of and mental conditions, racial or their cultures, customs, ethnic origin, political or other traditions, interests and belief, affiliation. The State shall and recognizes education as an therefore promote and maintain instrument for their maximum equality of access to education participation in national as well as the enjoyment of the development and in ensuring benefits of education by all its their involvement in achieving citizens. national unity. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 RIGHTS SE ION 9 RIGHTS OF STUDENTS CT 8 N IN SCHOOL RIGHTS OF O CTI SE 1. Students have the right to receive quality education PARENTS through competent instruction, aligned with national goals, and promoting personal dignity and development. 2. They can freely choose their field of study based on the curriculum and continue until graduation unless they face 1. The right to organize by academic or disciplinary issues. 3. Students are entitled to guidance and counseling services themselves and/or with to help make informed decisions about their career paths. 4. They have the right to access their school records, which teachers and the right to must be kept confidential. 5. Students are entitled to official documents like certificates, access to any official record diplomas, and transcripts within thirty days of request. 6. They have the right to publish student newspapers and directly relating to the invite resource persons for events like assemblies and symposia. children who are under their 7. Students are free to express their opinions and communicate with school authorities. 8. They can join or establish school-recognized organizations parental responsibility. that promote intellectual, cultural, spiritual, and physical growth, as long as it complies with the law. 9. Students are protected from involuntary contributions, except those approved by their own organizations. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 RIGHTS 10 11 ON ON SECTRIGHTS OF ALL I SE CTI SPECIAL RIGHTS AND/OR PRIVILEGES OF TEACHING OR SCHOOL PERSONNEL ACADEMIC STAFF 1. School personnel have the right to freely express their opinions and suggestions, and to 1. The right to be free from compulsory communicate effectively with academic and assignments not related to their duties as administrative bodies. defined in their appointments or 2. Public school personnel are entitled to free legal employment contracts, unless services from the government, while private school personnel receive legal aid from school authorities compensated therefor when facing legal proceedings not initiated by the 2. Right to existing law, to secure school. intellectual property consistent with 3. The right to establish, join and maintain labor applicable laws, be accorded due respect organizations and/or professional and self- and protection regulating organizations of their choice to promote their welfare and defend their interests. 3. Right to choose alternative career lines 4. The right to be free from involuntary either in school administration, in contributions except those imposed by their own classroom teaching, or others, for organizations. purposes of career advancement BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 DUTIES & OBLIGATIONS SECTION 14 DUTIES OF PARENTS 1. Parents, individually or collectively, through the school systems, shall help carry out the educational objectives in accordance with national goals. 2. Parents shall be obliged to enable their children to obtain elementary education and shall strive to enable them to obtain secondary and higher education in the pursuance of the right formation of the youth. 3. Parents shall cooperate with the school in the implementation of the school program curricular and co-curricular. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 DUTIES & OBLIGATIONS SECTION 15 DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF STUDENTS 1. Exert his utmost to develop his potentialities for service, particularly by undergoing an education suited to his abilities, in order that he may become an asset to his family and to society. 2. Uphold the academic integrity of the school, endeavor to achieve academic excellence and abide by the rules and regulations governing his academic responsibilities and moral integrity. 3. Promote and maintain the peace and tranquility of the school by observing the rules of discipline, and by exerting efforts to attain harmonious relationships with fellow students, the teaching and academic staff and other school personnel. 4. Participate actively in civic affairs and in the promotion of the general welfare, particularly in the social, economic and cultural development of his community and in the attainment of a just, compassionate and orderly society. 5. Exercise his rights responsibly in the knowledge that he is answerable for any infringement or violation of the public welfare and of the rights of others. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 DUTIES & OBLIGATIONS SECTION 16 TEACHER'S OBLIGATION 1. Perform his duties to the school by discharging his responsibilities in accordance with the philosophy, goals and objectives of the school. 2. Be accountable for the efficient and effective attainment of specified learning objectives in pursuance of national development goals within the limits of available school resources. 3. Render regular reports on performance of each student and to the latter and the latter's parents or guardians with specific suggestions for improvement. 4. Assume the responsibility to maintain and sustain his professional growth and advancement and maintain professionalism in his behavior at all times. 5. Refrain from making deductions in students' scholastic ratings for acts that are clearly not manifestations of poor scholarship. 6.Participate as an agent of constructive social, economic, moral, intellectual, cultural and political change in his school and the community within the context of national policies. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 FORMAL AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION https://images.app.goo.gl/vwrNTBwXgXkGbstc6 BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 NON-FORMAL EDUCATION FORMAL EDUCATION AND SPECIALIZED EDUCATIONAL SERVICES Non-formal education and specialized Formal education in the Philippines is a educational services address the unique needs structured system divided into three main levels: of various learners. Specialized programs include elementary, secondary, and tertiary education. Work Education for skill development in Elementary education focuses on building practical fields, Technical-Vocational programs foundational knowledge and skills in early for middle-level jobs, and Special Education for learners, promoting personal development and individuals requiring modified approaches. Non- national awareness. Secondary education builds formal education programs target illiterates, out- on these fundamentals, introducing students to of-school youth, and adults, with the goals of skills for employability or preparation for higher eradicating illiteracy, fostering functional education. Tertiary education, encompassing literacy, and developing vocational skills. These higher education, aims to develop professionals programs aim to support personal growth, and leaders equipped with advanced skills, community involvement, and national progress, cultural consciousness, and the ability to adapt to emphasizing the value of education for diverse societal changes through research and innovation. groups outside the traditional school system. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 SCHOOL ESTABLISHMENT AND RECOGNITION Schools must be legally established, with nationalschools requiring legislative approval. Private schools must generally incorporate as non-stock educational corporations, except family-run preschools. All schools, public or private, require government recognition to operate. HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY Higher education focuses on providing quality education, developing skilled manpower, and enhancing research. Public and private institutions aim to address national and regional needs through equitable, efficient, and high- quality programs. BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 232 Educational Bureaus and Their Roles Bureau of Elementary Education focuses on developing standards, curricular designs, and management guidelines for elementary schools. Bureau of Secondary Education works to formulate standards, curricula, and programs to improve secondary education. Bureau of Technical and Vocational Education collaborates in manpower planning, formulates standards, and develops resources for vocational education. Bureau of Higher Education is responsible for designing and evaluating programs for higher education and supporting policy formulation. Bureau of Continuing Education provides non-formal education aimed at skill acquisition, lifelong learning, and broadening educational access for diverse citizens.  ACT NO. BL IC REPU 7160 e of 1991 ment Cod al Govern Loc REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 RA 7160, otherwise known as the Local Government Code was enacted into law, transferring control and responsibility of delivering basic services to the hands of local government units (LGU). It aimed to enhance provision of services in the grass roots level as well as improve the efficiency in resource allocation. The Local Government Code of 1991 is the Bible or Koran for local government administration in the Philippines. The Local Government Code of 1991 was signed into law by the President of the Philippines on October 10, 1991. The Code took effect on January 1, 1992. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 Why It was created? By expanding the powers and responsibilities of local governments, the Local Government Code of 1991 seeks: to provide local government units the opportunity to tap their fullest potentials as self-reliant communities and as active partners of the national government in the attainment of national goals; to facilitate faster decision-making at the local level; to enhance the participation of ordinary citizens, organized groups, and the poorer sectors in the conduct of public affairs and the business of government; and to deliver basic services more efficiently. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 THE FATHER OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE Former Senate President Aquilino "Nene" Pimentel, Jr., he was a Filipino statesman popularly known as "Father of the Local Government Code" REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE The Local Government Code of 1991 provides the overarching framework of local governance in the Philippines Key principles: -Local autonomy -Decentralization -Accountability - Participative governance REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 STRUCTURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT Local government units are created on the basis of income, population and land area They may be divided, merged or abolished due to the same criteria Before any LGU is created, abolished, divided or merged there is a plebiscite requirement to fulfill REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160 STRUCTURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT Province Municipality -Land area of 200 km² -Land area of 50 km² -Population of 200,000 -Population of 25,000 -Annual Income of P20 Million -Annual Income of P2.5 Million City Barangay -Land area of 100 km² -Population of 2,000 -Population of 150,000 -In highly urbanized areas, 5,000 -Annual Income of P20 Million  ACT NO. BL IC REPU 9155 t of 2001 cation Ac Basic Edu ance of Govern REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 Republic Act No. 9155, also known as the Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001, is a law that provides a framework for strengthening the governance of the education system. Its main objectives are to improve the quality of education, enhance the accountability of school administrators, and promote local school-based management. RA 9155 aims to make the educational system more efficient, effective, and adaptive to the needs of students and communities. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 DECLARATION OF POLICY PURPOSES AND OBJECTIVES Ensures access to quality Sets framework for governance, basic education for all authority, and accountability in Filipinos, including alternative education. learning systems for out-of- Empowers schools and school youth and adults. communities to improve education quality. Schools as central to the formal education system and Promotes national values, accountable for quality community engagement, and core education. competencies. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 KEY DEFINITIONS UNDER SEC. 4 OF THE ACT Alternative Learning System: A parallel learning approach to formal education, covering non-formal and informal learning sources. Basic Education: Addresses foundational learning needs, covering early childhood to high school, including special needs and alternative education. Cluster of Schools: Grouped geographically to enhance learning outcomes. Formal Education: Structured, sequential schooling that requires certification to advance. Informal Education: Lifelong learning from daily life experiences in various environments. Integrated Schools: Schools offering a full basic education program at one location. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 KEY DEFINITIONS UNDER SEC. 4 OF THE ACT Learner: Individual seeking literacy, life skills, or quality-of-life improvement. Learning Center: Physical space for resources and activities, supporting out-of-school youth and community development. Learning Facilitator: Supervises and supports learner activities and progress. Non-Formal Education: Systematic education outside formal schooling for targeted learning needs. Quality Education: Relevant and excellent education tailored to individual and societal aspirations. School: Institution providing defined-level instruction, for specific age groups, physically or virtually located. School Head: Administrator responsible for the supervision of a school or school cluster. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9155 Transfer of Cultural and Sports Functions Cultural agencies attached to the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Sports functions transferred to the Philippine Sports Commission. Support and Assistance Guidelines for resource allocation to ensure adequate support for schools, with oversight by the Department of Education and the Department of Budget and Management. Autonomous Region Governance (ARMM) Governance in ARMM to follow regional laws, integrating with RA No. 9054.  E O RD E R ECUT IV EX NO. 3 56 RMAL NFO F N O U RE AU O E N G TH E B ERNATIV RENAM I U OF A LT O B UR EA T IO N T EDUCA RN IN G SYS T EM LE A EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 356 DEFINITION OF TERMS Non-formal education (NFE) - is any organized, systematic educational activity carried outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment of the population. Alternative Learning System (ALS) - is a parallel learning system that provides a viable alternative to existing formal education system. It encompasses both non- formal and informal sources of knowledge and skills. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 356 WHEREAS, it is a declared State policy, "to protect and promote the right of all citizen to quality basic education and to promote the right of all citizens to quality basic education and such education accessible to all by providing all Filipino children in the elementary level and free education in the high school level. Such education shall also include alternative learning system for out-of school youth and adult learners." (Section 2 of RA 9155, The Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001) WHEREAS, Section 12.1 Rule Xll of R.A. 9155 stipulates that "the alternative Learning System is a parallel learning system to provide a viable alternative to the existing formal education instruction, encompassing both the nonformal and informal sources of knowledge and skills"; EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 356 WHEREAS, the Department of Education, through the Bureau of Nonformal Education is mandated to ensure that all learning needs of marginalized learners are addressed; WHEREAS, one of the most important initiatives in Nonformal Education in the Philippines in the last 10 years is the Alternative Learning System (ALS), which is a major component of basic education with a clearly defined role within the overall educational goals; WHEREAS, the ALS will respond to the need of a more systematic and flexible approach in reaching to all types of learners outside the school system;  ACT 6 6 5 5 EPUBLIC R ation Act of 1988 ary Educ ic Second ree Publ F REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6655 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6655 implemented on May 26, 1988 an act establishing and providing free public secondary education and for other purposes enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress known as the "Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988" REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6655 SECTION 2. DECLARATION OF POLICY It is the policy of the State to provide for a free public secondary education to all qualified citizens and to promote quality education at all levels. REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6655 SECTION 4. IMPLEMENTATION OF FREE PUBLIC SECONDARY EDUCATION. The system of free public secondary education as provided in this Act shall commence in School Year 1988-1989, and that the students enrolled in secondary course offerings in national and general comprehensive high schools, state colleges and universities, specialized schools, trade, technical, vocational, fishery and agricultural schools and in schools which may be established by law, shall be free from payment of tuition and other school fees, except fees related to membership in the school community such as identification cards, student organizations and publication which may be collected: provided, that nothing in this Act shall cause or authorize the reduction or removal of any benefit which the national or local government may have granted to the students, teachers and other school personnel of these public high schools prior to the enactment of this Act. REFERENCES: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987- constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines/the-1987- constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-xiv/ https://youtu.be/YG90A94Hr6I?si=KKXIiNm1HiePcVJH https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/1352 4 https://youtu.be/A_YDwakWYAg?si=U1oWvv9C5UUdZ03a https://images.app.goo.gl/vwrNTBwXgXkGbstc6 REFERENCES: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/local-government- code/5805166 https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2001/08/11/republic-act-no-9155/ https://youtu.be/VF3Ky1A0E7Q?feature=shared https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/5/92 https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1988/ra_6655_1988.html Ilanan, C. M., Abulencia, A. S., De Lara, M. G. O., & Sto. Tomas-Fulgado, J. (2020). Teaching profession (pp. 85-95). Rex Book Store. THAN K YOU