Kentucky Graduated Licensing Laws for New Drivers PDF

GRADUATED LICENSING LAWS FOR NEW DRIVERS Effective October 1, 2006. — The Graduated Licensing Program affects license holders under the age of 18. The Graduated Licensing Program requires the following: PERMIT PHASE • • • • • • • • • • • Driver must be 16 years old to apply for permit. Parent/Gua...

GRADUATED LICENSING LAWS FOR NEW DRIVERS Effective October 1, 2006. — The Graduated Licensing Program affects license holders under the age of 18. The Graduated Licensing Program requires the following: PERMIT PHASE • • • • • • • • • • • Driver must be 16 years old to apply for permit. Parent/Guardian must sign application for permit. Drivers must have 180-day instruction period after receiving permit. Permit holder must drive with a licensed driver 21 years old or older. Permit holder under the age of 18 may not drive between the hours of midnight and 6:00 a.m. unless the person can demonstrate good cause for driving. Parent/Guardian must certify 60 hours practice driving (10 hours must be at night) before road (skills) test can be administered. Documentation forms for this requirement are found in the back of this manual. This documentation is required before the skills test. Passenger restriction – limited to 1 (one) unrelated person under 20 years of age. Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is prohibited. A driver under the age of 18 who accumulates more than six points may have their driving privilege suspended. No serious moving violations are allowed for those under 18 during the permit phase. If violation(s) occur, the applicant’s 180 day waiting period begins again from the date of the violation. INTERMEDIATE PHASE • • • • • • Must pass driving skills test after 180-day permit period. Kentucky State Police License Examiner will place the intermediate sticker onto the permit when applicant passes the skills test. Intermediate driver under the age of 18 may not drive between midnight and 6:00 a.m. unless the person can demonstrate good cause for driving. Passenger restriction – limited to 1 (one) unrelated person under 20 years of age. Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is prohibited. A driver under the age of 18 who accumulates more than six points may have their driving privilege suspended. INTERMEDIATE PHASE CONTINUED No serious moving violations are allowed for intermediate drivers under 18. If violations occur, the applicant’s 180 day waiting period for license issuance begins again from the date of the violation. ALL INTERMEDIATE DRIVERS MUST COMPLETE A 4-HOUR SAFETY CLASS BEFORE GETTING A FULL LICENSE. THE GOAL OF THE 4-HOUR CLASS IS TO ENSURE A MINIMUM LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT DRIVER LICENSE LAWS AND TO REINFORCE SAFE DRIVING HABITS. Intermediate drivers who take a high school Driver Education Course or a course from an approved private driving school will not be required to take the 4-hour class offered by the Transportation Cabinet. • Driver’s License will be issued upon meeting all qualifications from permit and intermediate phases. • All drivers under the age of 21 are subject to “Zero Alcohol Tolerance.” Drivers who receive a permit before 18 years of age now have the option of completing an online Graduated License Course at https://www.myimprov.com/drivers-education/kentucky/ For more information regarding the Graduated Licensing Program, call Division of Driver Licensing at (502) 564-1257 The seat belt law is now a primary law in Kentucky. You may be stopped and given a ticket by a law enforcement officer if you are observed not wearing your seat belt. BUCKLE UP! IT’S THE LAW! THE LICENSING PROCESS To be eligible to apply for a Kentucky Operator’s License, Motorcycle License, or Moped License, you must have reached your sixteenth birthday, and your driving privilege must not have been withdrawn in this state or any other state. You will begin the process in the Circuit Court Clerk’s Office in your county of residence. When applying for an instruction permit or license for the first time, you must present the following: • Social Security Card. 1 • • • Birth Certificate. For applicants under the age of 18, the signature and license or social security number of parent or legal guardian must be listed on the application. No Pass/No Drive Form (See page 3 of this manual for details). These rules and regulations have been established by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. The Circuit Court Clerk is required to follow these rules. It is their responsibility to determine that the application for a driver’s license is complete and accurate and that the applicant meets the requirements to apply for a Kentucky license. After the Clerk has prepared the application, the Kentucky State Police License Examiner will administer the tests. You will be given a vision screening test to determine if you meet minimum visual requirements and a written knowledge test of the information contained in this manual. If you fail the written test, you may return the next day that tests are given in your county. An applicant for a moped license, who has no other type of license, must take only the written test and vision screening test in order for a license to be issued. A road test is not required for a moped license. After passing the required tests, you will return to the Circuit Court Clerk’s Office where you will be issued an instruction permit. This permit is valid for three years and may be renewed. If the permit is not renewed within one year of the expiration date of the previous permit, the written and vision tests must be repeated. You may apply for the road skills test 180 days from the issue date of the first permit, if you are under the age of 21. Permit holders ages 16 and 17, must meet the Graduated Driver License Program requirements listed on pages 1 and 2, before a road test will be administered. If you are age 21 or over, you must hold your permit 30 days before being eligible to take the road test. Please check with the local Examiner or Circuit Court Clerk for the testing availability in your county. If you fail the road test, you are required by law to wait seven days before another test can be administered. Once you have passed the road skills test, the Examiner will record the results and send you back to the Circuit Clerk’s Office for your license to be issued. Drivers under age 18 will receive intermediate status after successful completion of the road test. Your driver’s license record is maintained by the Transportation Cabinet, Division of Driver Licensing, in Frankfort. This agency keeps track of all traffic citations, accidents, suspensions, reinstatements, and assignments to traffic school. They alone have control of your driving file. Any questions concerning licensing qualifications or your driving record should be directed to that agency. Driving is an enormous responsibility. In your hands you place your life and the lives of all drivers and pedestrians around you. Please study this manual, and have a safe driving career. This manual will give you information on safe driving rules and practices to help you become a safer driver. The information will help you pass the driver test. The Kentucky Driver Manual is also available on the Internet: Kentucky State Police Web Site: www.kentuckystatepolice.org Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Web Site: www.transportation.ky.gov 2 CHANGE OF ADDRESS OR NAME If you change your address or name for any reason, you must obtain a duplicate license within 10 days. You may be cited by a police officer for not changing your address or name. If your name change is a result of marriage or divorce, please bring the proper legal documents showing proof. Contact your Circuit Court Clerk’s Office to make these changes. RENEWAL OR DUPLICATE LICENSE Your permit or license is valid from the date issued through the expiration date shown on the permit or license. All licenses issued after July, 2000, will expire 30 days from the license holder’s birth date, unless suspended or revoked. If you are 21 or over, you may renew your license up to six months before the expiration date by applying in person at your local Circuit Court Clerk’s Office. If you lose your license, a duplicate may be obtained by applying at your local Circuit Clerk’s Office. You must show positive identification, such as a social security card and a typed proof of residence address, to get a duplicate permit or license. RESIDENTS SERVING IN THE MILITARY Residents serving in the military may renew by mail or by personal designee when, at the time of expiration, they are outside the Commonwealth of Kentucky. This does not include CDL renewals. HOW TO OBTAIN A KENTUCKY DRIVER’S LICENSE WHY ARE DRIVERS LICENSED? • To ensure that each driver has the basic skills necessary to be a safe, efficient, and responsible driver. WHO NEEDS A KENTUCKY LICENSE? • Any current or new resident of Kentucky who plans to drive a motor vehicle. WHO DOES NOT NEED A KENTUCKY DRIVER’S LICENSE? • • • • • Any person in the Armed Forces of the United States who has an operator’s license from the United States, and who is operating an official vehicle in the course of his service to our country. Members of the military on active duty and their dependents who hold a valid license from another state. Nonresidents working in Kentucky who hold a valid license from another state. Full-time students enrolled in school or college with a valid license from another state. Operators of road machinery, farm tractors, or other farm implements being used for the purpose for which they were designed. WHO MAY NOT HAVE A LICENSE? • • • • • Anyone under 16 years of age. Anyone whose license has been suspended or revoked and not reinstated. Any person judged by a court to be mentally incompetent. Anyone who has a physical or mental impairment which makes it unsafe for him to drive. Any person who is unable to understand highway warnings or direction signs in the English language. WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR OBTAINING A KENTUCKY LICENSE? • • • • The applicant must be a resident of Kentucky. Applicants must be at least 16 years of age. (A first-time applicant must bring his social security card and original or certified copy of his birth certificate). A parent or legal guardian must sign the application, if the applicant is under the age of 18. Applicants must pass the vision, knowledge and skills tests. 3 WHERE DO I GET MY LICENSE? • You must apply at the Circuit Court Clerk’s Office in your county of residence. (For more information regarding testing day(s), you may contact your local Examiner or Circuit Court Clerk) WHAT MUST I BRING WITH ME TO APPLY FOR A PERMIT OR LICENSE? • • • • Your social security card, which has not been laminated. An original or certified copy of your birth certificate. The parent or legal guardian of applicants under the age of 18 must sign the application. A legal guardian must have a certified copy of guardianship papers. No Pass/No Drive (Form) For Applicants under the age of 18 applying for an instruction permit or transfer license, a completed school compliance verification form issued by the public, private or home school the minor is attending must be submitted to the circuit clerk’s office in accordance with 601 KAR13:070 and No Pass/No Drive. Loss of license or permit can occur for dropping out of school or for academic deficiency in accordance with KRS 159.051/601 KAR 13:070. WHAT WILL THE TEST TO OBTAIN A PERMIT CONSIST OF? • • • • A vision examination is required. (Minimum visual acuity of 20/40 is required, or the applicant will be referred to a vision specialist.) A written knowledge test which will contain questions regarding driving rules, regulations, procedures, and highway signs. You will find all information for the test in this manual. Applicants must make a minimum score of 80% to pass this test. Tests can be given orally for applicants who cannot read the English language. However, the signs portion of the test must be answered by the applicant from his own knowledge and understanding. Tests in several foreign languages are available. ARE SPECIAL PROGRAMS AVAILABLE? • A bioptic program with special training provided by the Kentucky Office for the Blind is available. For further information regarding this program, call 1-800-895-3863. WHEN ARE ROAD TESTS GIVEN IN MY COUNTY? • Please check with your local Examiner or Circuit Court Clerk regarding the schedule for your county. A complete listing of counties requiring appointments for road tests are listed in the back of this manual. For counties that require an appointment, the appointment must be made before a test will be administered. WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS FOR TAKING THE ROAD TEST? • A valid Kentucky permit which has been held for 180 days by applicants under the age of 21 and 30 days by applicants 21 and older. There are no exceptions to the waiting periods. • A licensed driver 21 years of age or older must accompany you to the testing site. • The vehicle you use for testing must be properly registered, and proof of liability insurance is required. One of the following will be required as proof: 1. A proof-of-insurance card furnished by the insurance company. 2. A current insurance policy for that vehicle. 3. A binder from an insurance agent, in writing, stating that insurance is in force. • Drivers under the age of 18 must successfully meet requirements of the Graduated Driver License Program, on pages 1 and 2, before the road test is administered. NOTE: Rental cars must have the driver’s name listed on the rental contract as an operator. WHAT EQUIPMENT IS REQUIRED FOR MY VEHICLE? BRAKES. Every motor vehicle, when operated upon a highway, shall be equipped with brakes adequate to control the movement of, and to stop and hold, the vehicle. There shall be separate means of applying the brakes, each of which shall be effective to apply the brakes to at least two wheels. If the separate means are connected in any way, they shall be so 4 constructed that failure of any one part of the operating mechanism shall not leave the motor vehicle without brakes on at least two wheels. LIGHTS. Your vehicle must have two headlights and two taillights. Headlights on high beam must be strong enough to light the road sufficiently to reveal a person 350 feet ahead. They must not shine a glaring light into the eyes of an oncoming driver. When approaching an oncoming vehicle at night, you must use the low beam the last 500 feet before meeting and passing. When following a vehicle, dim your lights before coming closer than 200 feet of the vehicle in front of you. The rear light, or taillight, must be red and must be lighted and placed so it can be seen 500 feet behind your vehicle. A vehicle must also be equipped with at least two red brake lights to the rear. All motor vehicles must have brake lights. No person shall operate any vehicle required by law to be licensed upon a highway unless it is equipped with a mechanical signal device that would indicate an intention to stop or suddenly decrease speed by illuminating at least two red lights on the rear of the vehicle. LICENSE PLATE. The vehicle must be properly registered with the licensed plate properly displayed and unobstructed. The registration plate must be illuminated so that the letters and numbers of the plate can be read 50 feet away at night. WINDSHIELD WIPER. A windshield wiper is required on the driver’s side of the windshield. The windshield on every motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow, or other moisture from the windshield. The device shall be so constructed as to be controlled by the operator of the vehicle. HORN. Every motor vehicle, and bicycle, when in use on a highway, must be equipped with a horn or other device capable of making an abrupt sound sufficiently loud enough to be heard under ordinary traffic conditions. Every person operating an automobile or bicycle shall sound the horn or sound device when necessary to warn of the approach of his vehicle. Do not use the horn or sound device unnecessarily. A MUFFLER poisonous fumes. must be on the exhaust to reduce noise and annoying smoke, while protecting the occupants from A REARVIEW MIRROR must be so attached that you can see at least 200 feet to the rear of your car. STEERING GEAR must be in good condition and not have more than one-fourth (1/4) turn free play. SAFETY GLASS is required equipment for all windows on cars manufactured after 1968. TURN SIGNALS. Mechanical turn signals are required equipment on your vehicle and must be in working order. SAFETY BELTS AND SHOULDER BELTS are required for all passenger vehicles built after December 31, 1967. Light trucks and multi-purpose vehicles are required to have safety belts if built after December 31, 1971. If all passenger safety belts are not in working order, the test will not be given. WHAT EQUIPMENT MUST I NOT HAVE ON MY VEHICLE? There are certain items that are unlawful to place on a motor vehicle. When taking the driver’s test, your vehicle must not have: • Any red or blue light showing to the front. Green lights are also undesirable. • Any siren, bell, or whistle. • A muffler cutout. • Signs, posters, or stickers on the windshield or any other window in the car, unless required by law. 5 • • • • More than three extra driving lights or fog lights. Vehicles equipped with a louvered rear window must have side view mirrors. A person shall not operate any motor vehicle required to be registered in the Commonwealth upon any public highway, road, or street, on which vehicle the rear window is composed of, covered by, or treated with any material which has the effect of making the window nontransparent, unless the vehicle is equipped with side mirrors on both sides. Heavily-tinted windows in excess of legal standards. A person shall not operate any motor vehicle, required to be registered in the Commonwealth, on any public highway, road, or street on which vehicle the side wings and side windows on either side forward of or adjacent to the operator’s seat are composed of, covered by, or treated with any sunscreening material or other product or covering which has the effect of making the window nontransparent or which would alter the window’s color, increase its reflectivity, or reduce its light transmittance, except as expressly permitted. A sun-screening material may be applied to such windows if, when tested on one-eighth (1/8) inch clear glass, the material has a total solar reflectance of visible light of not more than twenty-five (25%) percent as measured on the non film side and a light transmittance of at least thirty-five (35%) percent in the visible light range. If your vehicle is equipped with a back up camera, you will not be allowed to use it during the road test. WHAT WILL BE INSPECTED ON MY VEHICLE? • • • • • • • • • Each applicant must demonstrate that he knows how to operate the following on his vehicle: Headlights. Dimmer Switch. Horn. Windshield Wipers. Turn Signals. Emergency Brake. Emergency Flashers. Brake Lights. WHAT THE ROAD TEST WILL CONSIST OF? • • • • The Examiner will inspect the vehicle and examine insurance documents. Rental vehicles are allowed only if the applicant’s name appears on the rental contract as an operator of the vehicle. An Examiner will accompany you on the road test and will occupy the passenger side of the front seat. Therefore, the passenger compartment, seat, and floor area must be clean or the vehicle may be rejected. Both driver and Examiner must wear seat belts, if the vehicle was factory equipped with seat belts. The seat belts must be clean and in working order. Applicants will be required to drive in traffic, encountering normal situations. The Examiner will not play tricks during the road test, and you will not be required to do anything unlawful or illegal. WHAT WILL BE SCORED ON THE ROAD TEST? You must be accompanied by a licensed driver who is at least 21 years of age. This licensed driver will not be permitted to ride with you during the road test. He must wait to drive the motor vehicle or ride with you if you do not pass the road test. • The test will consist of stops, backing, turning the car around, stopping and starting on a hill, parallel parking, intersection approaches, clutch use (if vehicle is so equipped), speed, turns, lane use, right-of-way use, and overall vehicle control. • Any collision, traffic violation, or dangerous act may result in automatic failure, and the test will not be completed. • Failure to follow the Examiner’s instructions two times during the test will result in being disqualified. • The applicant will be given a score sheet at the completion of the test, indicating whether he passed or failed. A minimum score of 80% is required for passing the test. • You will be advised whether you passed or failed, but will not be provided with a numerical score. • Should you not pass the road test, you must wait at least seven days before taking the test again. Practice during this time is recommended. 6 HOW DO I TRANSFER MY OUT-OF-STATE LICENSE TO KENTUCKY? • • • Apply at your local Circuit Court Clerk’s Office (within 30 days of establishing residence). Present a social security card and typed proof of residence. If the applicant’s out-of-state license is expired at least one day, the written and vision tests will be required. I AM NOT A U.S. CITIZEN. HOW DO I OBTAIN A KENTUCKY LICENSE? • • Applicants who have a Permanent Resident or Resident Alien Card will begin the process by applying at their local Circuit Court Clerk’s Office. All other non-U.S. applicants will begin the process by visiting their local Department of Transportation (DOT) Field Office. Applicable documents will be examined and, if documents are in order, permission will be granted to receive testing. COMMERCIAL DRIVER’S LICENSE In 1990, in an effort to improve highway safety, the Kentucky General Assembly passed the Kentucky Commercial Driver License Act. This law requires Kentucky to implement the Federal Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986. The purpose of this act is to reduce or prevent commercial vehicle collisions, fatalities, and injuries by: • Permitting commercial drivers to hold only one (1) license. • Disqualifying commercial drivers who have committed certain serious traffic violations. • Strengthening commercial driver licensing and testing standards. • Sharing conviction and licensing information with other states. Effective June 26, 2007, as defined in KRS 281A.010, the use of cellular telephone is prohibited when operating a school bus to transport one (1) or more children. One effect of this act now requires Kentucky to have a classified license system. Those persons requiring a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) will hold a Class A, B, or C license. COMMERCIAL DRIVERS Commercial drivers are persons who operate commercial motor vehicles whether they are employed to do so or not. This means the Commercial Driver’s License requirements apply to volunteer drivers, such as church bus drivers, private and public school bus drivers, mechanics, salesmen, etc. Commercial drivers must have one of the following of the three classes of CDL: • Class A-Any combination of vehicles with a gross combination weight rating (GCWR) of 26,001 pounds or more, provided that the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of the vehicle(s) being towed is in excess of 10,000 pounds. • Class B-Any single vehicle with a GVWR of 26,001 or more pounds or any such vehicle towing a vehicle not in excess of 10,000 pounds GVWR. • Class C-Any single vehicle less than 26,001 pounds, which is placarded for hazardous materials or designed to transport more than sixteen (16) people including the driver. WHO DOES NOT NEED A COMMERCIAL DRIVER’S LICENSE (CDL)? • • • • • Operators of passenger trucks and cars, motorcycles, and mopeds. Non-civilian operators of military vehicles owned and operated by the military. Operators of emergency vehicles, such as firefighters. Operators of recreational vehicles. A driver of vehicles used exclusively in farm-to-market agricultural transportation, owned and operated by the farmer or his employees, and used within 150 miles of the point of origin. WHERE CAN I OBTAIN A CDL MANUAL? • A copy of Kentucky’s CDL Manual is available on the Internet at www.kentuckystatepolice.org. You can also call 800-542-5990 for more CDL information. NOTE: AN OUT-OF-STATE LICENSE ISSUED TO A PERSON UNDER THE AGE OF 16 IS NOT VALID ON 7 KENTUCKY STREETS AND HIGHWAYS. RULES OF THE ROAD Without traffic laws, rules, and controls, travel by a motor vehicle would be unsafe and impractical. Drivers are tested and licensed to operate motor vehicles in an effort to make travel safe for everyone. This section provides you with information on: Control of Traffic at Intersections Use of Lanes Traffic Signals Through Driving Traffic Signs Passing Right-of-Way Laws for Turning Parking CONTROL OF TRAFFIC AT INTERSECTIONS An intersection is any place where two roads meet. At an intersection there may be traffic signals, signs, or right-of-way rules to control traffic. TRAFFIC SIGNALS The three main colors that guide traffic are: RED means stop YELLOW means WARNING GREEN means GO, if safe RED: A red light means “stop” behind a crosswalk or stop line until the green light appears. You may turn right after stopping if there is no approaching traffic, unless a sign is posted prohibiting such right turns. Even though the light is red, a turn is permitted from a one-way street into the nearest lane of another one-way street running in the direction of that turn. YELLOW A yellow light means the traffic signal is about to turn red. Stop if you can do so safely. A vehicle may clear an intersection on a red light, if the vehicle entered the intersection while the signal was yellow; but it is against the law to enter an intersection after the light turns red. GREEN: If the way is clear, after yielding the right-of-way to other vehicles and pedestrians lawfully within the intersection, you may go straight or turn left or right, unless such turns are prohibited. Left turns on green must yield to through traffic coming from the opposite direction. FLASHING LIGHTS A flashing yellow light means you must slow down and watch for others. It is found at intersections, construction areas, and on some vehicles, like tow trucks. A flashing red light means you must come to a full stop and proceed only when the way is clear. When two flashing red lights mark a railroad crossing. Stop and proceed only after the lights stop flashing and you determine no train is approaching. The familiar cross-buck sign near the tracks is a regulatory sign that means the same as a yield sign. LIGHTED ARROWS Some intersection traffic lights have lighted arrows in addition to the regular lights. A green arrow means you may go in the direction of the arrow, if you are in the proper lane. A flashing yellow arrow means you may proceed with caution in the direction of the arrow. A green arrow pointed upward means you may go “straight ahead.” A red arrow means no turning in the direction of the arrow, until it turns green. When there is more than one traffic light, obey the one that is over your lane. 8 TURNS ON RED LIGHTS RIGHT TURNS: If not prohibited by signs, and you are in the proper lane, you must first STOP, and then turn right when the way is clear of vehicle or pedestrian traffic. LEFT TURNS: Left turns on Red are permitted ONLY when turning from a one-way street onto a one-way street. You must first stop then turn left when the way is clear of vehicle or pedestrian traffic. TRAFFIC SIGNS A stop sign is red with white letters and has eight sides. It means you must come to a complete stop in a safe position with regard to other traffic, then proceed when the way is clear. Stop at the pedestrian crossing area or stop line, if there is one; otherwise stop before moving into the intersection. When visibility is obstructed, a second stop may be necessary before entering the intersection. A yield sign is shaped like a triangle and is red and white. It means you should slow down and yield to traffic on the road you are entering or crossing. MINOR INTERSECTIONS Exit ramps and the beginning of one-way streets are also intersections and often have these signs: Upon approaching an intersection where a police officer is directing traffic, do what the officer instructs you to do regardless of traffic-control devices or signals. RIGHT-OF-WAY LAWS Where there are no signs, symbols, or police to tell you what to do, there are special right-of-way laws to follow. By law, drivers must yield to pedestrians under the following conditions: • When pedestrians are in a crosswalk or at an intersection and there is no traffic light. • When turning a corner and pedestrians are crossing with the light. • Other special right-of-way laws to follow are: • Drivers turning left must yield to oncoming vehicles that are going straight or turning right. • Drivers entering a traffic circle or roundabout must yield right-of-way to drivers already in the circle. • Drivers on a minor road must yield to drivers on a main road. 9 • • At a 4-way, 3-way, or 2-way stop, the driver reaching the intersection and stopping first should go first. When two cars reach an uncontrolled intersection at the same time, the car on the right should have the right-ofway. USE OF LANES Smooth driving allows you to keep more distance between yourself and other drivers and also helps improve fuel economy. If there are three or more lanes in one direction, the middle lane or lanes are for through traffic. The left lane is for drivers who want to pass or turn left. The right lane is used by drivers who want to go slower or who are entering or turning right. If a road has only two lanes in one direction, the right lane generally has the smoothest traffic flow, with the left lane being reserved for the passing of other vehicles. Remaining in the left lane on a limited access highway is illegal. LANES FOR PASSING In general, you should pass on the left. Passing on the right can be dangerous since other drivers do not expect it. Vehicles on the right side are also more difficult to see. The operator of a vehicle may overtake and pass another vehicle upon the right only under conditions permitting such movements safely. Such movement shall not be made by driving off the roadway, unless the vehicle being passed comes to a complete stop and such movement may be made safely. LANES FOR TURNING When turning into another street, turn into the lane nearest to you. If you are turning left from a street with two or more lanes, turn from the lane nearest the center line. If you are turning right, turn from the lane nearest the curb. If you need to change to another lane, do so only after you have finished your turn and when the traffic is clear. If you have already started through an intersection when the light changes, keep going. If you have started to make a turn, follow through. Last-second changes can cause collisions. If you miss your turn, go on to the next intersection and work your way back to where you want to go. SIGNS AND ROAD MARKINGS Many streets have signs that say what each of the lanes are to be used for: (a) vehicles in the left lane must turn left, (b) vehicles in the left lane may turn left or go straight, (c) vehicles in the center lane must go straight, (d) vehicles in the right lane may go straight or turn right, (e) vehicles in right lane must turn right. Similar markings are often painted on the highway. a b c 10 d e