P6 Energy - Kinetic Energy PDF

Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement Name : ____________________ Date : ____________________ TOPIC: ENERGY P6 SCIENCE TOPIC 1: KINETIC ENERGY CONCEPTS COVERED IN THIS TOPIC: 1. Understand that most of our energ...

Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement Name : ____________________ Date : ____________________ TOPIC: ENERGY P6 SCIENCE TOPIC 1: KINETIC ENERGY CONCEPTS COVERED IN THIS TOPIC: 1. Understand that most of our energy resources come directly or indirectly from the Sun 2. Recognise and give examples of the various forms of kinetic energy ENERGY SOURCES 1. Energy is the capacity to do work. Anybody or system which possesses energy can do work or move. 2. Energy sources are things that provide energy. 3. The Sun is the most important source of energy. (a) It provides green plants with energy to make food. All living things depend either directly or indirectly on energy from the Sun to survive. For example, the Sun provides light energy for grass to make food. The zebra which grazes on the grass gets energy from it. Finally, the energy is transferred to the tiger that feeds on the zebra. Sun → Grass → Zebra → Tiger 1  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement (b) Vehicles and home appliances get energy from fossil fuels, thus making our lives easier and more comfortable. The energy from fossil fuels, which are formed from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago, comes from the Sun. (c) Other sources of energy include batteries, wind and running water. FORMS OF ENERGY Energy can exist in different forms: (a) kinetic energy (b) potential energy (c) light energy (d) heat energy (e) sound energy (f) electrical energy WHAT IS KINETIC ENERGY? 1. Kinetic energy is movement energy. All moving objects possess kinetic energy. This energy can be transferred to other objects. For example, a rolling bowling ball has kinetic energy to knock down the bowling pins. 2. The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it possesses. For example, a car travelling at 80 km/h possesses more kinetic energy than another similar car travelling at 60 km/h. 2  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement 3. When two objects are travelling at the same speed, the heavier object possesses more kinetic energy than the lighter one. For example, a bus travelling at 80 km/h will possess more kinetic energy than a car travelling at 80 km/h. 4. Wind and running water possess kinetic energy. (a) Kinetic energy of running water can be transferred to water wheels to grind grains, pump water or produce electricity. (b) Kinetic energy of wind can be transferred to windmills or sails so that sailing boats and yachts can move on water. (c) Kinetic energy of flowing water in rivers can be transferred to logs to move downstream to sawmills. 5. Kinetic energy are affected by mass and speed of the object. 3  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement SECTION A Choose the correct answer and write its number in the brackets. 1. Which of the following is not a source of energy? (1) Sun Water is not a source of energy (2) Wind (3) Water (4) Battery Battery contains chemical energy ( ) 2. Which of the following have kinetic energy? A: A Stationary Bus B: Wind C: A Raised Object D: Running Water (1) A and C only (2) B and D only (3) A, B and C only (4) B, C and D only ( ) 3. A swinging pendulum and a bouncing ball are similar as both of them have ______. Both movements contain KE and PE A: Kinetic Energy B: Light Energy C: Potential Energy (1) A only Highest (2) A and B only PE (3) A and C only at this point Highest KE at this point (4) B and C only Greatest ( ) amount of stored energy here before releasing 4  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement 4. In the experiment shown below, _____ is transferred to the spiral paper and it spins. (1) heat from the candle flame (2) kinetic energy of the rising hot air (3) potential energy of the wax (4) still air of the surroundings ( ) 5. Which of the following uses a different source of kinetic energy from the others? (1) Windmill wind (2) Sailing Boat wind (3) Kite wind (4) Water Turbine water ( ) 6. Which of the following have kinetic energy? A: A Speeding Car B: A Coiled-up Spring C: A Falling Leaf (1) A only (2) B only (3) A and C only (4) A, B and C only ( ) 5  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement Study the table below which shows the mass and speed of four cars moving along on expressway. Use it to answer questions 7 and 8. Car Mass (Kg) Speed (Km/h) A 800 80 B 1150 80 C 950 80 D 250 80 7. Which of the cars possesses the most kinetic energy? (1) Car A (2) Car B (3) Car C (4) Car D ( ) 8. What relationship can we conclude about the mass of the cars and the amount of kinetic energy they possess? (1) The heavier the car, the lesser is the amount of kinetic energy it possesses. (2) The heavier the car, the greater is the amount of kinetic energy it possesses. (3) The lighter the car, the greater is the amount of kinetic energy it possesses. (4) The mass of the car has no effect on the amount of kinetic energy it possesses. ( ) 6  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement SECTION B Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. 9. Study the picture below. (a) List two ways in which it is useful. The windmill uses wind which posseses kinetic energy which can be converted into other useful forms of energy. Wind is a renewable source of energy. (b) What is its disadvantage? For the windmill to be effective it would require a large amount of space. 10. Study the pinwheel below. (a) What happens to the pinwheel if air is blown at it? The pinwheel will start to spin. 7  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement (b) What makes the pinwheel move? kinetic energy of the moving air is transferred to the pinwheel. (c) What happens if a greater force of air is blown at it? The pinwheel will spin faster. 11. Name three sources of kinetic energy which are readily available in nature. Running water, wind and the flowing waters. 12. In the above experiment, air is squeezed out of an empty plastic bottle and directed at a piece of tissue paper. (a) What will happen to the piece of tissue paper? The tissue paper will move. (b) What form of energy does the air possess? Kinetic energy. 8  Remove Wondershare Watermark PDFelement 13. Study the diagram below. (a) Paul lifted ball A and released it. Ball A then hit ball B. Predict which of the other balls would move. Ball E will move/ be lifted. (b) Explain your answer in (a). to B,C, D then finally E. Kinetic energy from the moving Ball A is transferred to Ball E. (c) Predict what would happen if Paul lifts balls A and B at the same time and releases them at the same time together. Ball D and E will move /be lifted. 9