Civics Questions and Answers (2008 version) PDF

(rev. 08/21) Civics Questions and Answers (2008 version) The 100 civics (history and government) questions and answers for the naturalization test are listed below. The civics test is an oral test and the USCIS Officer will ask the applicant up to 10 of the 100 civics...

(rev. 08/21) Civics Questions and Answers (2008 version) The 100 civics (history and government) questions and answers for the naturalization test are listed below. The civics test is an oral test and the USCIS Officer will ask the applicant up to 10 of the 100 civics questions. An applicant must answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly to pass the civics portion of the naturalization test. On the naturalization test, some answers may change because of elections or appointments. As you study for the test, make sure that you know the most current answers to these questions. Answer these questions with the name of the official who is serving at the time of your eligibility interview with USCIS. The USCIS Officer will not accept an incorrect answer. Although USCIS is aware that there may be additional correct answers to the 100 civics questions, applicants are encouraged to respond to the civics questions using the answers provided below. AMERICAN GOVERNMENT A: Principles of American Democracy 1. What is the supreme law of the land? ▪ the Constitution 2. What does the Constitution do? ▪ sets up the government ▪ defines the government ▪ protects basic rights of Americans 3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? ▪ We the People 4. What is an amendment? ▪ a change (to the Constitution) ▪ an addition (to the Constitution) 5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? ▪ the Bill of Rights 6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?* ▪ speech ▪ religion ▪ assembly ▪ press ▪ petition the government 7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? ▪ twenty-seven (27) * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -1- www.uscis.gov  8. What did the Declaration of Independence do? ▪ announced our independence (from Great Britain) ▪ declared our independence (from Great Britain) ▪ said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) 9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence? ▪ life ▪ liberty ▪ pursuit of happiness 10. What is freedom of religion? ▪ You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. 11. What is the economic system in the United States?* ▪ capitalist economy ▪ market economy 12. What is the “rule of law”? ▪ Everyone must follow the law. ▪ Leaders must obey the law. ▪ Government must obey the law. ▪ No one is above the law. B: System of Government 13. Name one branch or part of the government.* ▪ Congress ▪ legislative ▪ President ▪ executive ▪ the courts ▪ judicial 14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? ▪ checks and balances ▪ separation of powers 15. Who is in charge of the executive branch? ▪ the President 16. Who makes federal laws? ▪ Congress ▪ Senate and House (of Representatives) ▪ (U.S. or national) legislature 17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?* ▪ the Senate and House (of Representatives) 18. How many U.S. Senators are there? ▪ one hundred (100) * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -2- www.uscis.gov  19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years? ▪ six (6) 20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators now?* ▪ Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.] 21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members? ▪ four hundred thirty-five (435) 22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years? ▪ two (2) 23. Name your U.S. Representative. ▪ Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.] 24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent? ▪ all people of the state 25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? ▪ (because of) the state’s population ▪ (because) they have more people ▪ (because) some states have more people 26. We elect a President for how many years? ▪ four (4) 27. In what month do we vote for President?* ▪ November 28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?* ▪ Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States. 29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? ▪ Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States. 30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President? ▪ the Vice President 31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? ▪ the Speaker of the House 32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military? ▪ the President 33. Who signs bills to become laws? ▪ the President 34. Who vetoes bills? ▪ the President 35. What does the President’s Cabinet do? ▪ advises the President * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -3- www.uscis.gov  36. What are two Cabinet-level positions? ▪ Secretary of Agriculture ▪ Secretary of Commerce ▪ Secretary of Defense ▪ Secretary of Education ▪ Secretary of Energy ▪ Secretary of Health and Human Services ▪ Secretary of Homeland Security ▪ Secretary of Housing and Urban Development ▪ Secretary of the Interior ▪ Secretary of Labor ▪ Secretary of State ▪ Secretary of Transportation ▪ Secretary of the Treasury ▪ Secretary of Veterans Affairs ▪ Attorney General ▪ Vice President 37. What does the judicial branch do? ▪ reviews laws ▪ explains laws ▪ resolves disputes (disagreements) ▪ decides if a law goes against the Constitution 38. What is the highest court in the United States? ▪ the Supreme Court 39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? ▪ Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the number of justices on the Supreme Court. 40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? ▪ Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States. 41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? ▪ to print money ▪ to declare war ▪ to create an army ▪ to make treaties 42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? ▪ provide schooling and education ▪ provide protection (police) ▪ provide safety (fire departments) ▪ give a driver’s license ▪ approve zoning and land use * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -4- www.uscis.gov  43. Who is the Governor of your state now? ▪ Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.] 44. What is the capital of your state?* ▪ Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.] 45. What are the two major political parties in the United States?* ▪ Democratic and Republican 46. What is the political party of the President now? ▪ Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the political party of the President. 47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? ▪ Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives. C: Rights and Responsibilities 48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them. ▪ Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). ▪ You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. ▪ Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) ▪ A male citizen of any race (can vote). 49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?* ▪ serve on a jury ▪ vote in a federal election 50. Name one right only for United States citizens. ▪ vote in a federal election ▪ run for federal office 51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? ▪ freedom of expression ▪ freedom of speech ▪ freedom of assembly ▪ freedom to petition the government ▪ freedom of religion ▪ the right to bear arms 52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? ▪ the United States ▪ the flag 53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? ▪ give up loyalty to other countries ▪ defend the Constitution and laws of the United States ▪ obey the laws of the United States ▪ serve in the U.S. military (if needed) ▪ serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) ▪ be loyal to the United States * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -5- www.uscis.gov  54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?* ▪ eighteen (18) and older 55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy? ▪ vote ▪ join a political party ▪ help with a campaign ▪ join a civic group ▪ join a community group ▪ give an elected official your opinion on an issue ▪ call Senators and Representatives ▪ publicly support or oppose an issue or policy ▪ run for office ▪ write to a newspaper 56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?* ▪ April 15 57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? ▪ at age eighteen (18) ▪ between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) AMERICAN HISTORY A: Colonial Period and Independence 58. What is one reason colonists came to America? ▪ freedom ▪ political liberty ▪ religious freedom ▪ economic opportunity ▪ practice their religion ▪ escape persecution 59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? ▪ American Indians ▪ Native Americans 60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves? ▪ Africans ▪ people from Africa 61. Why did the colonists fight the British? ▪ because of high taxes (taxation without representation) ▪ because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering) ▪ because they didn’t have self-government * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -6- www.uscis.gov  62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? ▪ (Thomas) Jefferson 63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted? ▪ July 4, 1776 64. There were 13 original states. Name three. ▪ New Hampshire ▪ Massachusetts ▪ Rhode Island ▪ Connecticut ▪ New York ▪ New Jersey ▪ Pennsylvania ▪ Delaware ▪ Maryland ▪ Virginia ▪ North Carolina ▪ South Carolina ▪ Georgia 65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention? ▪ The Constitution was written. ▪ The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. 66. When was the Constitution written? ▪ 1787 67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. ▪ (James) Madison ▪ (Alexander) Hamilton ▪ (John) Jay ▪ Publius 68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? ▪ U.S. diplomat ▪ oldest member of the Constitutional Convention ▪ first Postmaster General of the United States ▪ writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac” ▪ started the first free libraries 69. Who is the “Father of Our Country”? ▪ (George) Washington 70. Who was the first President?* ▪ (George) Washington * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -7- www.uscis.gov B: 1800s 71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? ▪ the Louisiana Territory ▪ Louisiana 72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s. ▪ War of 1812 ▪ Mexican-American War ▪ Civil War ▪ Spanish-American War 73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. ▪ the Civil War ▪ the War between the States 74. Name one problem that led to the Civil War. ▪ slavery ▪ economic reasons ▪ states’ rights 75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?* ▪ freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) ▪ saved (or preserved) the Union ▪ led the United States during the Civil War 76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? ▪ freed the slaves ▪ freed slaves in the Confederacy ▪ freed slaves in the Confederate states ▪ freed slaves in most Southern states 77. What did Susan B. Anthony do? ▪ fought for women’s rights ▪ fought for civil rights C: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information 78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.* ▪ World War I ▪ World War II ▪ Korean War ▪ Vietnam War ▪ (Persian) Gulf War 79. Who was President during World War I? ▪ (Woodrow) Wilson 80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II? ▪ (Franklin) Roosevelt * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -8- www.uscis.gov  81. Who did the United States fight in World War II? ▪ Japan, Germany, and Italy 82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in? ▪ World War II 83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States? ▪ Communism 84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination? ▪ civil rights (movement) 85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?* ▪ fought for civil rights ▪ worked for equality for all Americans 86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States? ▪ Terrorists attacked the United States. 87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States. [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.] ▪ Cherokee ▪ Navajo ▪ Sioux ▪ Chippewa ▪ Choctaw ▪ Pueblo ▪ Apache ▪ Iroquois ▪ Creek ▪ Blackfeet ▪ Seminole ▪ Cheyenne ▪ Arawak ▪ Shawnee ▪ Mohegan ▪ Huron ▪ Oneida ▪ Lakota ▪ Crow ▪ Teton ▪ Hopi ▪ Inuit * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -9- www.uscis.gov  INTEGRATED CIVICS A: Geography 88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States. ▪ Missouri (River) ▪ Mississippi (River) 89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States? ▪ Pacific (Ocean) 90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? ▪ Atlantic (Ocean) 91. Name one U.S. territory. ▪ Puerto Rico ▪ U.S. Virgin Islands ▪ American Samoa ▪ Northern Mariana Islands ▪ Guam 92. Name one state that borders Canada. ▪ Maine ▪ New Hampshire ▪ Vermont ▪ New York ▪ Pennsylvania ▪ Ohio ▪ Michigan ▪ Minnesota ▪ North Dakota ▪ Montana ▪ Idaho ▪ Washington ▪ Alaska 93. Name one state that borders Mexico. ▪ California ▪ Arizona ▪ New Mexico ▪ Texas 94. What is the capital of the United States?* ▪ Washington, D.C. 95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?* ▪ New York (Harbor) ▪ Liberty Island [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).] * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -10- www.uscis.gov B: Symbols 96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes? ▪ because there were 13 original colonies ▪ because the stripes represent the original colonies 97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?* ▪ because there is one star for each state ▪ because each star represents a state ▪ because there are 50 states 98. What is the name of the national anthem? ▪ The Star-Spangled Banner C: Holidays 99. When do we celebrate Independence Day?* ▪ July 4 100. Name two national U.S. holidays. ▪ New Year’s Day ▪ Martin Luther King, Jr. Day ▪ Presidents’ Day ▪ Memorial Day ▪ Juneteenth ▪ Independence Day ▪ Labor Day ▪ Columbus Day ▪ Veterans Day ▪ Thanksgiving ▪ Christmas * If you are 65 years old or older and have been a legal permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the questions that have been marked with an asterisk. -11- www.uscis.gov