Oncology Practice Exam PDF

A 28 year old female patient asks you when it is best to A patient with leukemia is entering the period known as perform a self breast exam. Your response is the following: "the nadir". As the nurse, you know the following about this...

A 28 year old female patient asks you when it is best to A patient with leukemia is entering the period known as perform a self breast exam. Your response is the following: "the nadir". As the nurse, you know the following about this period: A. It is best to perform a self breast exam 7 to 10 days after menses. A. The patient is at greatest risk for bleeding and the patient can experience a platelet count of 50,000 B. It is best to perform a self breast exam every 6 or less during this period. months on the 1st day of bleeding. B. The patient is at greatest risk for blood clots and C. It is best to perform a self breast exam on the the patient may experience a platelet count of same time every month of the day. 500,000 or more. D. It is best to perform a self breast exam on the day C. The patient is at risk for elevated hgb and hct, after ovulation. therefore, are at risk for stroke. You are educating a group of young men on preventing D. The patient will need to be placed in reverse testicular cancer. What is a correct statement by a isolation due to low WBC count. participant regarding a testicular exam? On assessment of a patient with leukemia, how would the A. "The best time to perform a self exam is after a patient present clinically? shower." A. Decreased hgb and hct, decreased platelets, and B. "The testicle should feel hard but firm." elevated or normal WBCs with enlarged lymph C. "The testicle may have minor lumps or swelling nodes. due to monthly hormonal changes." B. Elevated hgb and hct, decreased platelets, D. "I perform a self testicular exam once every 6 decreased WBCs, and bradycardia. months." C. Normal hgb and hct, normal platelets, and As a shift leader making out patient assignments for the increased WBCs. oncoming shift, how would you assign care of a patient D. Decreased hgb and hct, increased platelets, and that has had a sealed radiation source placed? elevated WBCs. A. You decide to rotate staff and assign a nurse who You are teaching a group of new nurse graduates hired has not provided care for the patient. on your oncology unit about oncological disorders. B. You decide to assign the same nurse who had the Which statement by a nursing graduate about patient yesterday to continue providing quality Hodgkin's Disease require re-education? care. A. This disease always presents with hallmark signs C. None of the options are correct. Sealed radiation of bone pain in the ribs, spine, and pelvis. therapy has no special staffing restrictions. B. Reed Stenberg cells are present in the nodes. D. You decide to assign one nurse to care for all the C. A positive CT scan of liver and spleen presents. patients undergoing sealed radiation therapy to provide continum of care. D. A positive biopsy of the lymph nodes with cervical nodes most often affected. A patient who has underwent a bone marrow transplant is at most risk for what? You are developing a plan of care for a patient with multiple myeloma. What nursing intervention(s) would be A. Bleeding and infection included in their plan of care? B. Congestive heart failure A. Encourage at least 2 Liters of fluids per day and C. Liver failure skeletal support during moving. D. HIV B. Discuss infertility issues with the patient. C. Assist with coughing and deep breathing exercises. D. Apply antiembolic stockings as prescribed. Which patient is at highest risk for cervical cancer? During the admission assessment of a 35 year old client with advanced ovarian cancer, the nurse recognizes which A. A 21 year old who reports first sexual partner at symptom as typical of the disease? the age of 14 and that she has had at least 10 sex partners. A. Abdominal distention B. A 60 year old with a history of syphillis and B. Abdominal bleeding cigarette smoking. C. Diarrhea C. A 32 year old in a monogamous relationship who declined the HPV vaccine. D. Hypermenorrhea D. None of the patients are at risk for cervical cancer. Nurse Kate is reviewing the complications of colonization with a client who has microinvasive cervical cancer. Which As an oncological nurse, you know what finding is correct complication, if identified by the client, indicates a need regarding breast cancer? for further teaching? A. Masses are usually felt in the upper outer A. Hemorrhage quadrant beneath the nipple or axilla. B. Ruptured ovarian cyst B. Women who've had a late menarche and early menopause are at risk for breast cancer. C. Infection C. Nipple retraction is never present. D. Cervical stenosis D. The mass is typically painful and red. Mr. Miller has been diagnosed with bone cancer. You know this type of cancer is classified as: The home health care nurse is caring for a male client with cancer and the client is complaining of acute pain. The A. Carcinoma appropriate nursing assessment of the client’s pain would include which of the following? B. Lymphoma A. The client’s pain rating C. Melanoma B. The nurse’s impression of the client’s pain D. Sarcoma C. Nonverbal cues from the client Sarah, a hospice nurse visits a client dying of ovarian cancer. During the visit, the client expresses that “If I can D. Pain relief after appropriate nursing intervention just live long enough to attend my daughter’s graduation, I’ll be ready to die.” Which phrase of coping is this client Nurse Melinda is caring for a client who is postoperative experiencing? following a pelvic exenteration and the physician changes the client’s diet from NPO status to clear liquids. The nurse A. Anger makes which priority assessment before administering the diet? B. Denial A. Ability to ambulate C. Bargaining B. Urine specific gravity D. Depression C. Bowel sounds The nurse is admitting a male client with laryngeal cancer to the nursing unit. The nurse assesses for D. Incision appearance which most common risk factor for this type of cancer? A male client is admitted to the hospital with a suspected A. Alcohol abuse diagnosis of Hodgkin’s disease. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect to note specifically in the B. Cigarette smoking client? C. Use of chewing tobacco A. Fatigue D. Exposure to air pollutants B. Weakness C. Weight gain D. Enlarged lymph nodes The female client who has been receiving radiation therapy The nurse is preparing Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide). Safe for bladder cancer tells the nurse that it feels as if she is handling of the drug should be implemented to protect the voiding through the vagina. The nurse interprets that the nurse from injury. Which of the following actions by the client may be experiencing: nurse should be corrected? A. Extreme stress caused by the diagnosis of cancer A. The nurse should wear a mask and gloves B. Altered perineal sensation as a side effect of B. Air bubbles should be expelled on wet cotton radiation therapy C. Review order to check the rate, solution, and C. Rupture of the bladder frequency of the drug D. The development of a vesicovaginal fistula D. Vent vials after mixing The client with leukemia is receiving Myleran (busulfan) Neoplasm can be classified as either benign or malignant. and Zyloprim (allopurinol). The nurse tells the client that The following are characteristics of malignant tumor apart the purpose if the allopurinol is to prevent: from: A. Mouth sores A. Encapsulated B. Hyperuricemia B. Infiltrates surrounding tissues C. Nausea C. Metastasis D. Alopecia D. Poorly differentiated cells A 25-year-old patient is inquiring about the methods or On a clinic visit a client who has a relative with cancer, is ways to detect cancer earlier. The nurse least likely asking about the warning signs that may relate to cancer. identifies this method by stating: The nurse correctly identifies the warning signs of cancer by responding: A. Yearly physical and blood examination A. “A lump located only in the breast area may B. Annual digital rectal examination for persons suggest the presence of cancer.” over age 40 B. “Sudden weight loss of unexplained etiology C. Annual Pap smear for sexually active women can be a warning sign of cancer.” only C. “Presence of dry cough is one of the warning D. Annual chest x-ray signs of cancer.” The removal of entire breast, pectoralis major and minor D. “If a sore healing took a month or more to heal, muscles and neck lymph nodes which is followed by skin cancer should be suspected.” grafting is a procedure called: In staging and grading neoplasm TNM systems is used. A. Radiation therapy TNM stands for: B. Halstead surgery A. Tumor, neoplasm, mode of growth C. Modified radical mastectomy B. Time, node, metastasis D. Simple mastectomy C. Tumor, node, metastasis Chemotherapy is one of the therapeutic modalities for D. Time, neoplasm, mode of growth cancer. This treatment is contraindicated to which of the following conditions? A. Bone marrow depression B. Recent surgery C. Pregnancy D. All of the above Breast self examination (BSE) is one of the ways to detect D. Inform the patient that hair loss will not be breast cancer earlier. The nurse is conducting health permanent and that the hair will grow back teaching to female clients in a clinic. During evaluation the clients are asked to state what they learned. Which of the A patient with ovarian cancer tells the nurse, “I don’t think following statements made by a client needs further my husband cares about me anymore. He rarely visits me.” teaching about BSE? On one occasion when the husband was present, he told the nurse he just could not stand to see his wife so ill and A. “BSE is done after menstruation.” never knew what to say to her. An appropriate nursing diagnosis in this situation is B. “BSE palpation is done by starting at the center going to the periphery in a circular motion.” A. Risk for caregiver role strain related to burdens of caregiving responsibilities C. “BSE can be done in a lying position.” B. Interrupted family processes related to the D. “BSE should start from age 20.” effect of illness on family members A client had undergone radiation therapy (external). The C. Compromised family coping related to disruption in expected side effects include the following apart from: lifestyle and role changes A. Hair loss D. Impaired home maintenance related to perceived B. Ulceration of oral mucous membranes A patient receiving head and neck radiation and systemic C. Constipation chemotherapy has ulcerations over the oral mucosa and tongue and thick, ropey saliva. An appropriate intervention D. Headache for the nurse to teach the patient is to Nurse Janet is assigned in the oncology section of the A. Rinse the mouth before and after each meal and hospital. Which of the following orders should the nurse at bedtime with a saline solution question if a client is on radiation therapy? B. Use cotton-tipped applicators dipped in hydrogen A. Bland diet peroxide to clean the teeth B. Aspirin every 4 hours C. Gargle and rinse the mouth several times a day with an antiseptic mouthwash C. Saline rinses every 2 hours D. Remove food debris from the teeth and oral D. Analgesics before meals mucosa with a stiff toothbrush When the nurse is administering a vesicant A patient who is receiving interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy chemotherapeutic agent intravenously, an important (Proleukin) complains to the nurse about all of these consideration is to symptoms. Which one is most important to report to the A. Stop the infusion if swelling is observed at the health care provider? site A. Decreased appetite B. Infuse the medication over a short period B. Generalized aches C. Administer the chemotherapy through a small-bore C. Dyspnea catheter D. Insomnia D. Hold the medication unless a central venous line is available A 32-year-old male patient is to undergo radiation therapy to the pelvic area for Hodgkin’s lymphoma. He expresses A chemotherapeutic agent known to cause alopecia is concern to the nurse about the effect of chemotherapy on prescribed for a patient. To maintain the patient’s self- his sexual function. The best response by the nurse to the esteem, the nurse plans to patient’s concerns is A. Suggest that the patient limit social contacts until A. "Radiation does not cause the problems with regrowth of the hair occurs sexual functioning that occur with chemotherapy or B. Encourage the patient to purchase a wig or hat surgical procedures used to treat cancer." and wear it once hair loss begins B. "It is possible you may have some changes in C. Have the patient wash the hair gently with a mild your sexual function, and you may want to consider shampoo to minimize hair loss pretreatment harvesting of sperm if you want children."  C. "The radiation will make you sterile, but your ability The home health nurse is caring for a patient who has been to have sexual intercourse will not be changed by the receiving interferon therapy for treatment of cancer. Which treatment." statement by the patient may indicate a need for a change in treatment? D. "You may have some temporary impotence during the course of the radiation, but normal sexual function A. "I rarely have the energy to get out of bed." will return." B. "I experience chills after I inject the interferon." A 40-year-old divorced mother of four school-age children is hospitalized with metastatic cancer of the ovary. The C. "I take acetaminophen (Tylenol) every 4 hours." nurse finds the patient crying, and she tells the nurse that D. "I have frequent muscle aches and pains." she does not know what will happen to her children when she dies. The most appropriate response by the nurse is Which information noted by the nurse reviewing the laboratory results of a patient who is receiving A. "Why don't we talk about the options you have chemotherapy is most important to report to the health for the care of your children?" care provider? B. "Many patients with cancer live for a long time, so A. WBC count of 1700/µl there is time to plan for your children." B. Platelets of 65,000/µl C. "For now you need to concentrate on getting well, not worry about your children." C. Hemoglobin of 10 g/L D. "Perhaps your ex-husband will take the children D. Serum creatinine level of 1.2 mg/dl when you can't care for them." A bone marrow transplant is being considered for A patient who has terminal cancer of the liver and is cared treatment of a patient with acute leukemia that has not for by family members at home tells the nurse, “I have responded to chemotherapy. In discussing the treatment intense pain most of the time now.” The nurse recognizes with the patient, the nurse explains that that teaching regarding pain management has been effective when the patient A. Donor bone marrow cells are transplanted immediately after an infusion of chemotherapy o A. States that nonopioid analgesics may be used when the maximal dose of the B. The transplant procedure takes place in a sterile opioid is reached without adequate pain operating room to minimize the risk for infection relief C. The transplant of the donated cells is painful o B. Uses the ordered opioid pain because of the nerves in the tissue lining the bone medication whenever the pain is greater D. Hospitalization will be required for several than 5 on a 10-point scale weeks after the hematopoietic stem cell transplant o C. Agrees to take the medications by the (HSCT) IV route to improve effectiveness The nurse teaches a patient with cancer of the liver about o D. Takes opioids around the clock on a high-protein, high-calorie diet choices. Which snack regular schedule and uses additional choice by the patient indicates that the teaching has been doses when breakthrough pain occurs effective? Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is used as adjuvant therapy for a patient A. Fresh fruit salad with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The nurse teaches B. Orange sherbet the patient that the purpose of therapy with this agent is to C. French fries A. Protect normal kidney cells from the damaging effects of chemotherapy D. Strawberry yogurt B. Enhance the patient's immunologic response to tumor cells C. Stimulate malignant cells in the resting phase to enter mitosis D. Prevent the bone marrow depression caused by chemotherapy The nurse has identified the nursing diagnosis of Which action by a nursing assistant (NA) when caring for a imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related patient who has pancytopenia indicates a need for the to altered taste sensation in a patient with lung cancer who nurse to intervene? has had a 10% loss in weight. An appropriate nursing intervention that addresses the etiology of this problem is A. The NA adds baking soda to the patient's saline oral to rinses A. Add strained baby meats to foods such as soups B. The NA makes an oral rinse using 1 teaspoon of salt and casseroles in a liter of water B. Provide foods that are highly spiced to stimulate C. The NA puts fluoride toothpaste on the patient's the taste buds toothbrush C. Avoid presenting foods for which the patient has D. The NA assists the patient to use dental floss a strong dislike after eating D. Teach the patient to eat whatever is nutritious since A with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is taking Zyloprim food is tasteless (allopurinol). Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication? After the nurse has explained the purpose of and schedule for chemotherapy to a 23-year-old patient who recently A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) received a diagnosis of acute leukemia, the patient asks B. Serum phosphate the nurse to repeat the information. Based on this assessment, which nursing diagnosis is most likely for the C. Serum potassium patient? D. Uric acid level A. Risk for ineffective health maintenance related to anxiety about new leukemia diagnosis When assessing a patient’s needs for psychologic support after the patient has been diagnosed with stage I cancer of B. Knowledge deficit: chemotherapy related to a lack the colon, which question by the nurse will provide the of interest in learning about treatment most information? C. Risk for ineffective adherence to treatment related A. "How do you feel about having a possibly terminal to denial of need for chemotherapy illness?" D. Acute confusion related to infiltration of leukemia B. "How long ago were you diagnosed with this cells into the central nervous system cancer?" A hospitalized patient who has received chemotherapy for C. "Are you familiar with the stages of emotional leukemia develops neutropenia. Which observation by the adjustment to a diagnosis like cancer of the colon?" RN caring for the patient indicates that the nurse should take action? D. "Can you tell me what has been helpful to you in the past when coping with stressful events?" A. The patient ambulates several times a day in the room A 61-year-old woman who is 5 feet, 3 inches tall and weighs 125 pounds (57 kg) tells the nurse that she has a B. The patient's visitors bring in some fresh glass of wine two or three times a week. The patient works peaches from home for the post office and has a 5-mile mail-delivery route. This is her first contact with the health care system in 20 C. The patient uses soap and shampoo to shower years. Which of these topics will the nurse plan to include every other day in patient teaching about cancer? Select all that apply D. The patient cleans with a warm washcloth after A. Mammography having a stool B. Physical activity C. Body weight D. Colorectal screening E. Tobacco use F. Alcohol use G. Pap testing  H. Sunscreen use C. A cancer stage designated at the time of the cancer diagnosis can change overtime. 1. Which statements best describe tumor grading? Select all that apply: D. A CT scan, MRI, x-ray, and ultrasound can be used to help stage a cancer. A. Tumor grading provides information on how tumor cells look under a microscope. 6. The TNM staging system for cancer can be used to help stage what type of cancer? B. Cancer can be graded using the TNM classification system. A. Brain cancer C. Tumor grading describes the location and size B. Spinal cord cancer of the main tumor, and if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body like the lymph nodes or C. Leukemia other organs. D. Colon cancer D. A biopsy is used to help grade a tumor. 7. What is the meaning of cancer is in situ? A. The tumor is found in its original place and has 2. Your patient’s tumor grading report stated “well not spread from its original location. differentiated, Grade I”. You know that this means? B. The tumor is formed outside its original place A. The patient’s tumor cells were different in and has spread within it localized site. appearance and arrangement compared to what C. The tumor is cancerous and may spread. normal cells possess. D. The tumor is distant from its original place. B. This type of cancer is considered high grade. 8. The TNM staging system has been used to stage your C. This type of cancer is low grade because the patient’s cancer. The report says: T1N0M0 What is the tumor cells have an appearance and arrangement meaning of N0? that is similar to normal cells. A. Cancer in regional lymph node can’t be D. This grade of cancer tends to spread and grow measured quickly. B. No cancer present in regional lymph node 3. A tumor was shown to possess cells that were moderately differentiated. This is considered a? C. Cancer in distant lymph node can’t be measured A. Grade I D. No cancer found in other body parts B. Grade II 9. The category “T” in the TNM system stands for: C. Grade III A. Time D. Grade IV B. Tumor (primary) True or False: All forms of cancer use the same grading system. C. Tissue (primary) The answer is FALSE. Some forms of cancer have they own D. Tumor (secondary) grading systems, like breast cancer which uses the Nottingham system. 0. The category “N” in the TNM system stands for: A. Number 5. Which statement below is an incorrect statement about B. Necrosis can tumor staging? C. Nodes A. Staging describes the main tumor’s location D. Normal and size, and if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body like the lymph nodes or other organs. B. It’s useful in developing a treatment plan and if the patient can participant in a clinical trial. 11. The category “M” in the TNM system gives detail about: Skin reactions are common in radiation therapy. Nursing responsibilities on promoting skin integrity should be A. if the cancer has spread to other parts of the promoted apart from: body and if this is the case, how much and the location of it A. Avoiding the use of ointments, powders and lotion to the area B. the number and location of the lymph nodes that have cancer B. Using soft cotton fabrics for clothing C. the size of the tumor that is growing into other C. Washing the area with a bar of scented soap and tissues water and patting it dry not rubbing it D. if the cancer cells appear abnormal D. Avoiding direct sunshine or cold. 12. What TNM classification below best describes this Nausea and vomiting is an expected side effect of finding: very large tumor with 1 regional lymph node chemotherapeutic drug use. Which of the following drugs involvement, and spread to two regional organs? should be administered to a client on chemotherapy to prevent nausea and vomiting? A. T1N1M2 A. Myleran (busulfan) B. T4N1M1 B. Chemet (succimer) C. T1N1M1 C. Arimidex (anastrozole) D. T4N1M2 D. Metozol (metoclopramide) 13. Which TNM classification has the poorest prognosis? Radiation protection is very important to implement when A. T0N0M0 performing nursing procedures. When the nurse is not B. T2N2M1 performing any nursing procedures what distance should be maintained from the client? C. T4N1M0 A. 1 feet D. T4N3M1 B. 2 feet 14. On a patient’s TNM classification you see a lowercase “p” (pT1) in front of the T on the patient report. This means? C. 2.5 feet A. The cancer has been restaged. D. 3 feet B. The cancer was staged based on the findings The following are teaching guidelines regarding radiation after surgery. therapy except: C. The cancer was staged before the treatment A. The therapy is painless began and was based on test results and B. To promote safety, the client is assisted by assessment findings. therapy personnel while the machine is in operation D. The cancer was staged after therapy was C. The client may communicate all his concerns or administered. needs or discomforts while the machine is operating 15. Which stage of cancer is called metastatic cancer and D. Safety precautions are necessary only during the means the cancer has spread to other parts of the body time of actual irradiation beyond where the cancer started? Contact of client on radiation therapy should be limited A. Stage II only to how many minutes to promote safety of the therapy B. Stage 0 personnel? C. Stage III A. 1 minute D. Stage I B. 3 minutes E. Stage IV C. 5 minutes D. 10 minutes A client is taking Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) for the D. Camptosar (irinotecan) treatment of lymphoma. The nurse is very cautious in administering the medication because this drug poses the A client taking a chemotherapeutic agent understands the fatal side effect of: effects of therapy by stating: A. Sterility A. “I should stay in my room all the time.” B. Hemorrhagic cystitis B. “I will avoid eating hot and spicy foods.” C. Myeloma C. “I should limit my fluid intake to about 500 ml per day.” D. Alopecia D. “I should notify the physician immediately if a Cytarabine (Ara-C) is an antimetabolite that can cause a urine color change is observed.” common cytarabine syndrome which includes the following, except: A client is diagnosed with breast cancer. The tumor size is up to 5 cm with axillary and neck lymph node involvement. A. Fever The client is in what stage of breast cancer? B. Myalgia A. Stage I C. Chest pain B. Stage II D. Red-orange urine C. Stage III To provide relief from the cytarabine syndrome, which drug D. Stage IV is given? The classic symptoms that define breast cancer includes A. Dexamethasone the following except: B. Allopurinol A. Solitary, irregularly shaped mass C. Alka Seltzer B. “Pink peel” skin D. Aspirin C. Firm, nontender, nonmobile mass Chemotherapeutic agents have different specific D. Abnormal discharge from the nipple classifications. The following medications are antineoplastic antibiotics except: Surgical procedure to treat breast cancer involves the removal of the entire breast, pectoralis major muscle and A. Adriamycin (doxorubicin)B. Adrucil (fluorouracil) the axillary lymph nodes is: B. Adrucil (fluorouracil) A. Simple mastectomy C. Novantrone (mitoxantrone) B. Modified radical mastectomy D. Blenoxane (bleomycin) C. Halstead Surgery Specific classification of the chemotherapeutic agent, D. Radical mastectomy Vincristine (Oncovin) is: While being prepared for a biopsy of a lump in the right A. Hormone modulator breast, the patient asks the nurse what the difference is between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor. The nurse B. Mitotic inhibitor explains that a benign tumor differs from a malignant C. Antineoplastic antibiotic tumor in that benign tumors D. Antimetabolite A. Do not cause damage to adjacent tissue A client is diagnosed with progressive prostate cancer. The B. Do not spread to other tissues and organs nurse expects which drug is given? C. Are simply an overgrowth of normal cells A. Arimidex (anastrozole) D. Frequently recur in the same site B. Emcyt (estramustine) A patient who has been told by the health care provider C. Taxol (paclitaxel) that the cells in a bowel tumor are poorly differentiated When reviewing the chart for a patient with cervical asks the nurse what is meant by “poorly differentiated.” cancer, the nurse notes that the cancer is staged as Tis, Which response should the nurse make? N0, M0. The nurse will teach the patient that A. "Your tumor cells look more like immature fetal A. The cancer cells are well-differentiated cells than normal bowel cells." B. It is difficult to determine the original site of B. "The cells in your tumor have mutated from the cervical cancer normal bowel cells." C. The cancer is localized to the cervix C. "The cells in your tumor do not look very different from normal bowel cells." D. Further testing is needed to determine the spread of the cancer D. "The tumor cells have DNA that is different from your normal bowel cells." Which statement by a patient who is scheduled for a needle biopsy of the prostate indicates that the patient A patient who smokes tells the nurse, “I want to have a understands the purpose of a biopsy? yearly chest x-ray so that if I get cancer, it will be detected early.” Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "The biopsy will tell the doctor whether the cancer has spread to my other organs." A. "Insurance companies do not authorize yearly x- rays just to detect early lung cancer." B. "The biopsy will help the doctor decide what treatment to use for my enlarged prostate." B. "Annual x-rays will increase your risk for cancer because of exposure to radiation." C. "The biopsy will determine how much longer I have to live." C. "Chest x-rays do not detect cancer until tumors are already at least a half-inch in size." D. "The biopsy will indicate the effect of the cancer on my life." D. "Frequent x-rays damage the lungs and make them more susceptible to cancer." The nurse is teaching a postmenopausal patient with breast cancer about the expected outcomes of her cancer In teaching about cancer prevention to a community treatment. The nurse evaluates that the teaching has been group, the nurse stresses the promotion of exercise, effective when the patient says normal body weight, and a low-fat diet because A. "After cancer has not recurred for 5 years, it is A. Obesity and lack of exercise cause cancer in considered cured." susceptible people B. "I will need to have follow-up examinations for B. People who exercise and eat healthy will make many years after I have treatment before I can be other lifestyle changes considered cured." C. Most people are willing to make these changes to C. "Cancer is considered cured if the entire tumor is avoid cancer surgically removed." D. Dietary fat and obesity promote growth of many D. "Cancer is never considered cured, but the tumor types of cancer can be controlled with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation." During a routine health examination, a 30-year-old patient tells the nurse about a family history of colon cancer. The A patient with a large stomach tumor that is attached to nurse will plan to the liver is scheduled to have a debulking procedure. The nurse explains that the expected outcome of this surgery is A. Schedule a sigmoidoscopy to provide baseline data about the patient A. Control of the tumor growth by removal of malignant tissue B. Teach the patient about the need for a colonoscopy at age 50 B. Promotion of better nutrition by relieving the pressure in the stomach C. Have the patient ask the doctor about specific tests for colon cancer C. Relief of pain by cutting sensory nerves in the stomach D. Ask the patient to bring in a stool specimen to test for occult blood D. Reduction of the tumor burden to enhance adjuvant therapy External-beam radiation is planned for a patient with A patient undergoing external radiation has developed a endometrial cancer. The nurse teaches the patient that an dry desquamation of the skin in the treatment area. The important measure to prevent complications from the nurse knows that teaching about management of the skin effects of the radiation is to reaction has been effective when the patient says A. Test all stools for the presence of blood A. "I can use ice packs to relieve itching in the treatment area." B. Inspect the mouth and throat daily for the appearance of thrush B. "I can buy a steroid cream to use on the itching area." C. Perform perianal care with sitz baths and meticulous cleaning C. "I will expose the treatment area to a sun lamp daily." D. Maintain a high-residue, high-fat diet D. "I will scrub the area with warm water to remove the Which action by a nursing assistant (NA) caring for a scales." patient with a temporary radioactive cervical implant indicates that the RN should intervene? A patient with metastatic cancer of the colon experiences severe vomiting following each administration of A. The NA places the patient's bedding in the laundry chemotherapy. An important nursing intervention for the container in the hallway patient is to B. The NA gives the patient an alcohol-containing A. Have the patient eat large meals when nausea is mouthwash for oral care not present C. The NA stands by the patient's bed for an hour B. Administer prescribed antiemetics 1 hour before talking with the patient the treatments D. The NA flushes the toilet once after emptying the C. Teach about the importance of nutrition during patient's bedpan treatment A patient with Hodgkin’s lymphoma is undergoing external D. Offer dry crackers and carbonated fluids during radiation therapy on an outpatient basis. After 2 weeks of chemotherapy treatment, the patient tells the nurse, “I am so tired I can hardly get out of bed in the morning.” An appropriate intervention for the nurse to plan with the patient is to A. Consult with a psychiatrist for treatment of depression B. Establish a time to take a short walk every day C. Exercise vigorously when fatigue is not as noticeable D. Maintain bed rest until the treatment is completed Which information obtained by the nurse about a patient with colon cancer who is scheduled for external radiation therapy to the abdomen indicates a need for patient teaching? A. The patient showers with unscented mild soap daily B. The patient eats frequently during the day C. The patient swims a mile 5 days a week D. The patient has a history of dental caries