OCDB Revision Resources PDF

Oral and Craniofacial Developmental Biology Revision Resources CORRECT ANSWERS Course organiser: Dr. Ana Angelova Volponi Revision Room: Oral and Craniofacial Embryology and Development Relates to lecture: “Introduction to Embryology” Put in sequential order the following stages of embryonic develop...

Oral and Craniofacial Developmental Biology Revision Resources CORRECT ANSWERS Course organiser: Dr. Ana Angelova Volponi Revision Room: Oral and Craniofacial Embryology and Development Relates to lecture: “Introduction to Embryology” Put in sequential order the following stages of embryonic development and match with the appropriate short description of the stage: Sheet of cells that give rise to epi-and hypoblast. Source of embryonic stem cells Blastocyst Gastrulation Generation of 3 germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm Establishment of body axis Head-tail, back-belly Neural plate formation & Neurulation Ectoderm forms the neural plate, which folds up into tube Folding of the body walls -Folding of the lateral body wall -Folding at the head and tail (foregut and hingut formation Neural crest cells -migrating cells from the neural tube Revision Hint: Try to describe each of the stages listed and the events that happen during each stage. Revise at your own pace! Relates to lecture: “Craniofacial development: Development of the pharyngeal arches” Match the types of tissue listed below with the appropriate germ layer Derivates of the three germ-layers Germ layer Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm Type of tissue Epidermis, nervous system Skeleton, muscle, dermis, kidney, gonades, blood e.g. Gut, liver, thyroid,.. Fact to remember: At the end of gastrulation stage of embryonic development, ectoderm is the outermost layer of the embryo and endoderm is the innermost layer, with mesoderm sandwiched between them. Relates to lecture: “Craniofacial development: Development of the pharyngeal arches” Label correctly the anatomical structures during the stages of craniofacial development. Put the corresponding number to the structures listed. 5 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 1 Frontonasal prominence 2 Maxillary processes 3 Oral cavity 4 Mandibular processes 5 Medial nasal processes 6 Lateral nasal processes 7 Nasal pits 8 Alae Correctly labeled images: Relates to lecture: “Craniofacial development: Development of the pharyngeal arches” Label correctly the anatomical structures during the stages of craniofacial development. Put the corresponding number to the structures listed. 1 4 2 5 3 1 Primary palate 4 Incisive foramen 2 Nasal septum 5 Fused palate 3 Secondary palatal shelves Enjoy revision! To enjoy the “face making” during development, go to: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFY_KPFS3LA Relates to lecture: “Postnatal growth of the skull” Match the correct “rates of growth” with the anatomical parts listed: Anatomical parts: SKULL Fast growth: linked to expanding brain, almost complete by age of 10 FACE Same rate as general body, linked to development of teeth and muscles. Complete with eruption of 3rd molars. CRANIAL BASE Intermediate growth rate Relates to lecture: “Postnatal growth of the skull” Drag the corresonding number to the growth site labelled on the image 1 Limited growth takes place at the symphysis menti until fusion occurs 2 At the condylar cartilages 3 The posterior border of ramus mandibulae 4 Alveolar ridges Enjoy revision: To enjoy the growth of mandible and it’s ossification: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VCoXkYuqKBI Growth sites of mandible Correctly labeled images: Revision hint: Revise signalling that drives tooth development. Where does the “odontogenic” signal come from during different stages of tooth development? Explain the signalling pathways involved ! Enjoy watching a movie on tooth development: https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLiV-b1jS28 Relates to lectures on topic: “Tooth development” Sort the tissues according to their origin. Epithelium Oral epithelium Ectoderm Enamel Dentin Dental pulp Mesenchyme Derived from cranial neural crest cells Periodontal ligament Alveolar bone socket Relates to lectures on topic: “Tooth development” Match the corresponding numbers with the histological features characteristic for cap stage of tooth development: 1 2 3 1 Dental (enamel) organ 2 Dental papilla 3 Dental follicule Revision hint: Revise all anatomical structures and how these develop in different stages of tooth development. Explain the signalling pathways involved ! Relates to lecture: “late tooth development” Primary enamel knot Relates to lectures on topic: “Tooth development” Early Bell stage Match the corresponding numbers with the histological features characteristic this stage of tooth development: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Courtesy of Dr. A. A. Volponi 1 Dental lamina 5 Inner enamel epithelium (IEE) 2 Successional Dental lamina 6 Stratum intermedium 3 Stellate reticulum 7 Dental papilla 4 Outer enamel epithelium (OEE) 8 Cervical loop Revision advice: Revise all the structures visible during the early bell stage of tooth development. Recall the important signaling involved during this stage of tooth development. Relates to lectures on topic: “Tooth development” Label correctly the anatomical structures during the late bell stage of tooth development Late bell stage-Histomorphogenesis Specialized cells producing mineralized tooth tissues 1 2 3 4 1 Ameloblasts 2 Enamel 3 Dentin 4 Odontoblasts 5 Stellate reticulum 6 Dental pulp 7 Cervical loop 5 6 7 Revision advice: Revise all the structures visible during the late bell stage of tooth development. Recall the specialised cells involved in histomorphogenesis at this stage of tooth development Revision Room: Oral and Craniofacial Anatomy and Histology Relates to lecture” Introduction to oral cavity and dentition” Match the corresponding numbers with the histological anatomical features listed: 1 1 Philtrum Ridges 2 Cupid’s bow 3 Upper vermillion border 4 Body of the lips 5 Lower vermillion border 6 Labiomental groove 7 Oral commissures 2 3 4 5 6 7 Philtrum Ridges Cupid’s bow Upper vermillion border Body of the lips Lower vermillion border Oral commissures Relates to lectures” Face and oral cavity-BMS course, linking to Introduction to oral cavity and dentition-OCDB course” VERY COMPLICATED?? It has gingiva and gingivae,…Match the corresponding numbers with the anatomical features: 10 1 Gingivae (gums) 2 Palatine raphe 3 Hard palate 2 4 Soft palate 3 5 uvula 6 Palatine tonsil 7 Ducts of submandibular glands 10 Superior lip 11 Superior labial frenulum 12 Palatoglossal arch 13 Palatopharyngeal arch 14 Posterior wall of oropharynx 15 Tongue 16 Lingual frenulum 17 Gingivae (gums) 18 Inferior labial frenulum 11 1 12 4 13 5 14 6 15 8 Vestibule 16 7 9 Inferior lip 17 18 8 9 Detailed anatomy of the mouth Correctly labelled image Relates to lectures” Face and oral cavity-BMS course linking to alveolar bone and cementum lecture-OCDB” Match the corresponding numbers with the anatomical structures: 1 1 Frontal process 2 Infraorbital margin 3 Infraorbital foramen 4 Zygomatic process 5 Nasal crest 6 Nasal notch 7 Frontal process 8 Palatine process 9 Maxillary sinus 11 10 Anterior nasal spine 12 11 Nasal crest 12 Alveolar process 2 3 4 6 5 7 9 8 10 Correctly labelled images Relates to lectures” Face and oral cavity-BMS course linking to alveolar bone and cementum lecture-OCDB” Match the corresponding numbers with the anatomical structures: 1 2 8 3 4 5 9 6 7 1 Condylar process 2 Coronoid process 3 Submandibular fossa 4 Sublingual fossa 5 Alveolar process 6 Mental foramen 7 Mental protuberance (chin) 8 Mandibuar foramen 9 Ramus 10 Body 10 Bundle bone Interradicular septum separates roots of multi-root tooth Interdental septum Separates two adjacent teeth Relates to lecture ”Alveolar bone and cementum and Bone remodelling topic” Match the corresponding numbers with the types of cells listed: 1 3 5 4 2 6 1 Hematopoetic stem cells 3 Mesenchymal stem cells 5 Lining cells 2 Osteoclasts 4 Osteoblasts 6 Osteocytes Revision advice: Try to describe the bone remodelling process explaining the factors, cells and signalling involved in the process Osteocytes