Nuclear Chemistry PDF

 s t u d y o f t h e c h e m i c a l a n d physical properties of elements as influenced by changes in structure of the atomic nucleus. deals with the nuclei of atoms breaking apart  NUCLEONS-particles that make up the nucleus of an atom (p + and n0) ISOTOPES-atoms that has the sam...

 s t u d y o f t h e c h e m i c a l a n d physical properties of elements as influenced by changes in structure of the atomic nucleus. deals with the nuclei of atoms breaking apart  NUCLEONS-particles that make up the nucleus of an atom (p + and n0) ISOTOPES-atoms that has the same atomic number but different atomic mass NUCLIDE- a particular atom or i s o to p e co nta i n i n g s p e c i f i c number of protons and neutrons.  Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Röntgen also spelled Roentgen, physicist who was a recipient of the first Nobel Prize for Physics, in 1901, for his discovery of X-rays, which heralded the age of modern physics and revolutionized diagnostic medicine.  French physicist who discovered radioactivity through his investigations of uranium and other substances. In 1903 he s h a re d t h e N o b e l P r i ze fo r Physics with Pierre and Marie Curie.  Adopting the study of Henri Becquerel's discovery of radiation in uranium as her thesis topic, Curie began the systematic study of other elements to see if there were others that also emitted this strange energy. As a team, the Curies would go on to even greater scientific discoveries. In 1898, they announced the discovery of two new elements, radium and polonium  Alpha Decay n alpha decay, the nucleus emits an alpha particle, or a particle containing two protons and two neutrons. Beta Decay A beta particle is simply a high energy electron that is emitted from the nucleus.  Positron Emission a nuclear decay in reaction in which proton is transformed into a neutron, and a high energy positron is emitted. Gamma Emission A nuclear decay reaction that results when a nucleus in an excited state releases energy in the form of a high energy photon (a y ray) when it returns to the ground state  Electron capture A nuclear decay reaction that results in which an electron in an inner shell reacts with a proton to produce sa neutron.  NASA uses the alpha decay of Plutonium-238 ( 23894Pu) as a heat source on spacecraft. Write a balanced equation for this decay.. 23490 Th---->23491Pa + ___? 23592U -----> 23190 U + _____?  Except for the emission of gamma radiation, radioactive decay involves the conversion of an element into another element. Factors that affect stability: NEUTRON TO PROTON RATIO (n/p) ratio. For atoms with low atomic numbers (