NSG 318 Exam 2 Weeks 5-7 Review Questions PDF

Review Questions Chapter 15 1. The nurse will monitor the patient taking albuterol for which conditions? (Select all that apply.) a. Palpitations b. Hypertension c. Hypoglycemia d. Bronchospasm e. Uterine contractions f. Hypotension g. Blurred vision 2. Nadolol is prescribed for a patient. The nurse...

Review Questions Chapter 15 1. The nurse will monitor the patient taking albuterol for which conditions? (Select all that apply.) a. Palpitations b. Hypertension c. Hypoglycemia d. Bronchospasm e. Uterine contractions f. Hypotension g. Blurred vision 2. Nadolol is prescribed for a patient. The nurse realizes that this drug is a beta-adrenergic blocker and is contraindicated for patients with which condition? a. Hypothyroidism b. Angina pectoris c. Bronchial asthma d. Liver dysfunction 3. The nurse realizes that beta1 receptor stimulation is differentiated from beta2 stimulation in that stimulation of beta1 receptors leads to which condition? a. Increased bronchodilation b. Decreased uterine contractility c. Increased myocardial contractility d. Decreased blood flow to skeletal muscles 4. A patient is given epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist (sympathomimetic). The nurse should monitor the patient for which condition? a. Decreased pulse b. Pupil constriction c. Bronchial constriction d. Increased blood pressure 5. A patient who is taking epinephrine is also taking several other medications. The nurse should realize that there is a possible drug interaction with which drugs? (Select all that apply.) a. Albuterol b. Metoprolol c. Propranolol d. Digoxin e. Methyldopa 6. A patient is prescribed metoprolol to treat hypertension. It is important for the nurse to monitor the patient for which condition? (Select all that apply.) a. Bradycardia b. Hypotension c. Diaphoresis d. Agitation e. Erythema 7. The nurse is administering atenolol to a patient. Which concurrent drugs does the nurse expect to most likely cause an interaction? (Select all that apply.) a. Ginseng b. Insulin c. Atropine d. Haloperidol e. Methyldopa Review Questions Chapter 16 1. A patient is receiving bethanechol. The nurse realizes that the action of this drug is to treat which condition? a. Glaucoma b. Urinary retention c. Delayed gastric emptying d. Gastroesophageal reflux disease e. Gastroparesis f. Parkinsonism g. Myasthenia gravis 2. The nurse teaches the patient receiving atropine to expect which side effect? a. Diarrhea b. Sweating c. Blurred vision d. Frequent urination 3. When benztropine is ordered for a patient, the nurse acknowledges that this drug is an effective treatment for which condition? a. Parkinsonism b. Paralytic ileus c. Motion sickness d. Urinary retention 4. Dicyclomine is an anticholinergic, which the nurse realizes is given to treat which condition? a. Mydriasis b. Constipation c. Urinary retention d. Irritable bowel syndrome 5. The nurse realizes that cholinergic agonists mimic which parasympathetic neurotransmitter? a. Dopamine b. Acetylcholine c. Cholinesterase d. Monoamine oxidase 6. The nurse is administering bethanechol, a cholinergic agonist, and should know that the expected cholinergic effects include which of the following? a. Increased heart rate b. Decreased peristalsis c. Decreased salivation d. Increased pupil constriction 7. When a patient has a cholinergic overdose from excessive dosing of bethanechol, the nurse anticipates administration of which drug as the antidote? a. Atropine b. Tolterodine c. Benztropine d. Metoclopramide Review Questions Chapter 17 1. When a 12-year-old child is prescribed methylphenidate, which is most important for the nurse to monitor? a. Temperature b. Respirations c. Intake and output d. Height and weight 2. Several children are admitted for diagnosis with possible attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Which is most important for the nurse to observe? a. A girl who is lethargic b. A girl who lacks impulsivity c. A boy with smooth coordination d. A boy with an inability to complete tasks 3. The nurse monitoring a patient for methylphenidate withdrawal should observe the patient for which condition? a. Tremors b. Insomnia c. Weakness d. Tachycardia 4. The nurse is teaching a patient to self-administer medications. The nurse knows that which drug is used to treat narcolepsy? a. Modafinil b. Atomoxetine c. Lisdexamfetamine d. Phendimetrazine 5. The nurse is monitoring a patient who is taking phentermine. Which is important for the nurse to observe? (Select all that apply.) a. Euphoria b. Dry mouth c. Insomnia d. Hypotension e. Bradycardia f. Palpitations Review Questions Chapter 18 1. It is important for the nurse teaching the patient regarding secobarbital to include which information about the drug? a. It is a short-acting drug that may cause one to awaken early in the morning. b. It is an intermediate-acting drug that frequently causes rapid eye movement rebound. c. It is an intermediate-acting drug that frequently causes a hangover effect. d. It is a long-acting drug that is frequently associated with dependence. e. It is an ultra-short–acting central nervous system depressant that induces hypnosis. f. It may cause seizures after prolonged use. 2. A patient taking lorazepam asks the nurse how this drug works. The nurse should respond by stating that it is a benzodiazepine that acts by which mechanism? a. Depressing the central nervous system, leading to a loss of consciousness b. Depressing the central nervous system, including the motor and sensory activities c. Increasing the action of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to GABA receptors d. Creating an epidural block by placement of the local anesthetic into the epidural space e. Increasing melatonin, thus inducing sleep f. Increasing cortisol, allowing for natural sleep 3. A patient is taking ramelteon for insomnia. The nurse prepares a care plan that includes monitoring of the patient for side effects/adverse reactions of this drug. Which is a side effect of ramelteon? a. Insomnia b. Bradycardia c. Laryngospasm d. Sleep-related behaviors e. Increased salivation f. Pupillary constriction 4. A patient received spinal anesthesia. Which is most important for the nurse to monitor? a. Loss of consciousness b. Hangover effects and dependence c. Hypotension and headaches d. Excitement or delirium e. Venous dilation f. Increased respiratory rate 5. A nurse is teaching a patient about zolpidem. Which is important for the nurse to include in the teaching of this drug? a. The maximum dose is 20 mg/day. b. It is used for short-term treatment less than 10 days. c. For older adults, the dose is 15 mg at bedtime. d. The drug should only be used for 21 days or less. e. The drug may cause increased salivation. f. The drug may cause excitation. 6. A patient is taking triazolam. Which instructions about this drug are important for the nurse to include? a. It may be used as a barbiturate for only 4 weeks. b. Use as a nonbenzodiazepine to reduce anxiety. c. It may cause agranulocytosis and thrombocytopenia. d. Avoid alcohol and smoking while taking this drug. e. It is an ultra-short–acting medication. f. Long-term use is encouraged. 7. A patient is to receive conscious sedation for a minor surgical procedure. Which drug administration should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) a. Propofol to reduce anxiety b. Lidocaine to provide local anesthesia c. Midazolam to promote sedation and following of commands d. Ketamine for rapid induction and prolonged duration of action e. Phenobarbital for short-acting duration of sleep e. Fentanyl for pain control f. Intravenous bupivacaine for prolonged analgesia Review Questions Chapter 19 1. The nurse witnesses a patient’s seizure involving generalized contraction of the body followed by jerkiness of the arms and legs. The nurse reports this as which type of seizure? a. Myoclonic b. Absence c. Tonic-clonic d. Psychomotor 2. Phenytoin has been prescribed for a patient with seizures. The nurse should include which appropriate nursing intervention in the plan of care? a. Report an abnormal phenytoin level of 18 mcg/mL. b. Monitor complete blood count levels for early detection of blood dyscrasias. c. Encourage the patient to brush teeth vigorously to prevent plaque buildup. d. Teach the patient to stop the drug immediately when passing pinkish-red or reddish-brown urine. 3. When administering phenytoin, the nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the patient makes which statement? a. “I must shake the oral suspension very well before pouring it in the dose cup.” b. “I cannot drink alcoholic beverages when taking phenytoin.” c. “I should take phenytoin 1 hour before meals.” d. “I will need to get periodic dental checkups.” 4. A patient is having absence seizures. Which of the following does the nurse expect to be prescribed for this type of seizure? (Select all that apply.) a. Phenytoin b. Phenobarbital c. Valproic acid d. Clonazepam e. Ethosuximide 5. A patient is admitted to the emergency department with status epilepticus. Which drug should the nurse most likely prepare to administer to this patient? (Select all that apply.) a. Diazepam b. Midazolam c. Gabapentin d. Levetiracetam e. Topiramate 6. The nurse should monitor the patient receiving phenytoin for which adverse effect? a. Psychosis b. Nosebleeds c. Hypertension d. Gum erosion 7. A nurse administering valproic acid to a patient checks the laboratory values and finds a serum range for valproic acid of 150 mcg/mL. What should the nurse do? a. Increase the daily dose to get the patient’s level into the therapeutic range. b. Hold the morning dose but give the other scheduled dosages for the day. c. Ask the patient if he or she is having any adverse effects from the medication. d. Hold the medication and notify the health care provider. Review Questions Chapter 22 1. The nurse suspects that a patient who is experiencing facial grimacing, involuntary upward eye movement, and muscle spasms of the tongue and face may have which condition? a. Akathisia b. Acute dystonia c. Tardive dyskinesia d. Pseudoparkinsonism 2. A patient asks the nurse to explain how antipsychotic drugs work to make him feel better. The nurse understands that antipsychotics act in which way? a. Blocking actions of dopamine b. Blocking actions of epinephrine c. Promoting prostaglandin synthesis d. Enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid 3. An antipsychotic agent, fluphenazine, is ordered for a patient with psychosis. The nurse understands that this agent can lead to symptoms of extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS). What are the symptoms of EPS? a. Hypertension b. Nausea and vomiting c. Hyperthermia and dysrhythmias d. Tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait 4. An atypical antipsychotic is prescribed for a patient with psychosis. The nurse understands that this category of medications includes which drugs? (Select all that apply.) a. Clozapine b. Fluphenazine c. Haloperidol d. Olanzapine e. Aripiprazole 5. A patient is prescribed lorazepam. What does the nurse know to be true regarding lorazepam? a. It is used to treat anxiety, status epilepticus, insomnia, and sedation induction. b. It has a maximum adult dose of 25 mg/day. c. It causes plasma levels to be decreased when combined with cimetidine. d. It interferes with the binding of dopamine receptors. 6. A patient is receiving aripiprazole. Which nursing intervention(s) will the nurse include in the patient’s care plan? (Select all that apply.) a. Administer before meals on an empty stomach to facilitate absorption. b. Remain with the patient until medication is swallowed. c. Monitor vital signs to detect orthostatic hypotension. d. Assess the patient for evidence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. e. Observe the patient for acute dystonia, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia. 7. A patient appears to have had an overdose of phenothiazines. The nurse anticipates that which intervention(s) may be used to treat phenothiazine overdose? (Select all that apply.) a. Gastric lavage b. Adequate hydration c. Maintaining an airway d. Fluphenazine e. Risperidone f. Activated charcoal administration Review Questions Chapter 23 1. A patient is admitted with bipolar affective disorder. The nurse acknowledges which medication as one used to treat this disorder for some patients in place of lithium? a. Thiopental b. Ginkgo biloba c. Fluvoxamine d. Divalproex 2. The nurse realizes that some complementary and alternative therapies interact with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Which complementary and alternative therapy interactions may cause serotonin syndrome? (Select all that apply.) a. Feverfew b. Ma huang c. St. John’s wort d. Ginkgo biloba 3. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is prescribed for a patient. The nurse knows that which drug is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor? a. Paroxetine b. Amitriptyline c. Divalproex sodium d. Bupropion hydrochloride 4. A patient is taking tranylcypromine sulfate for depression. What advice should the nurse include in the teaching plan for this medication? a. Warn the patient about weight loss. b. Instruct the patient to avoid beer and cheddar cheese. c. Encourage the patient to take ginseng and ephedra. d. Encourage the patient to eat fruit such as bananas. 5. Which statement is true concerning lithium? a. The maximum dose is 3.4 g/day. b. The therapeutic drug range is 2.5 to 3.5 mEq/L. c. Lithium increases receptor sensitivity to gamma-aminobutyric acid. d. Concurrent nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may increase lithium levels. 6. When a patient is taking an antidepressant, what should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitor the patient for suicidal tendencies. b. Observe the patient for orthostatic hypotension. c. Teach the patient to take the drug with food if gastrointestinal distress occurs. d. Tell the patient that the drug may not have full effectiveness for 1 to 2 weeks. e. Advise the patient to maintain adequate fluid intake of 2 L/day. 7. A patient is taking lithium. The nurse should be aware of the importance of which nursing intervention(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. Observe the patient for motor tremors. b. Monitor the patient for hypotension. c. Draw lithium blood levels immediately after a dose. d. Advise the patient to drink 750 mL/day of fluid in hot weather. e. Advise the patient to avoid caffeinated foods and beverages. f. Teach the patient to take lithium with meals to decrease gastric irritation. Review Questions Chapter 24 1. A patient is taking ibuprofen. The nurse understands that COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors are different in that ibuprofen is more likely than celecoxib to cause which adverse effect? a. Fever b. Constipation c. Peptic ulcer disease d. Metallic taste when eating 2. When teaching a patient who is receiving allopurinol, what should the nurse encourage the patient to do? a. Eat more meat. b. Increase vitamin C intake. c. Have annual eye examinations. d. Take medication 2 hours before meals. 3. A patient is admitted to the hospital with an acute gout attack. The nurse expects that which medication will be ordered to treat acute gout? a. Colchicine b. Allopurinol c. Probenecid d. Sulfinpyrazone 4. A patient is taking aspirin for arthritis. Which adverse reaction should the nurse teach the patient to report to the health care provider? a. Tinnitus b. Weight loss c. Sinusitis d. Palpitations 5. The nurse is teaching a patient about taking aspirin. Which are important points to include? (Select all that apply.) a. Advise the patient to avoid alcohol while taking aspirin. b. Instruct the patient to take aspirin before meals on an empty stomach. c. Instruct the patient to inform the dentist of the aspirin dosage before having dental work. d. Instruct the patient to inform the surgeon of the aspirin dosage before having surgery. e. Suggest that aspirin may be given to children for flu symptoms. f. Advise patient that urine may be a harmless pinkish-red or reddish-brown color. 6. A patient is taking infliximab and asks the nurse what side effects/adverse reactions to expect from this drug. The nurse lists which side effects? (Select all that apply.) a. Fatigue b. Headache c. Chest pain d. Renal damage e. Severe infections Review Questions Chapter 25 1. A patient requires a nonopioid medication. The nurse knows that which medication will cause the least gastrointestinal distress? a. Aspirin b. Ketorolac c. Celecoxib d. Ibuprofen 2. A patient states during a medical history that he takes several acetaminophen tablets throughout the day for acute pain. The nurse teaches the patient that the dosage should not exceed which amount? a. 1 g/day b. 3 g/day c. 4 g/day d. 6 g/day 3. For the patient receiving periodic morphine via intravenous push, which of the following findings would be of utmost concern to the nurse? a. Increased temperature b. Decreased bowel sounds c. Decreased respirations d. Increased red blood cell count 4. A patient is admitted to the emergency department with signs of respiratory depression after selfinjection with hydromorphone. The admitting nurse knows that which drug will reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose? a. Fentanyl b. Naloxone c. Butorphanol d. Sufenta 5. Assessing a patient after intravenous morphine administration, the nurse notes cold, clammy skin; a pulse of 40 beats/min; respirations of 10 breaths/min; and constricted pupils. Which medication will the patient likely need next? a. Naloxone b. Meloxicam c. Pentazocine d. Propoxyphene 6. For the patient taking acetaminophen, what should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitor routine liver enzyme tests. b. Encourage the patient to check package labels of over-the-counter drugs to avoid overdosing. c. Report side effects immediately, as toxicity can cause severe hepatic damage. d. Teach the female patient that oral contraceptives can increase the effect of acetaminophen. e. Teach the patient that caffeine decreases the effects of acetaminophen. 7. For the patient who is taking nalbuphine, what should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.) a. Monitor any changes in respirations. b. Instruct the patient to report hypohidrosis. c. Administer intravenous nalbuphine undiluted. d. Explain to the patient to expect an excessive amount of urine output. e. Instruct the patient to avoid alcohol when taking nalbuphine to avoid respiratory depression. 8. A patient is having a migraine attack. The nurse should know that which drugs are used to treat migraine attacks? a. Triptans b. Anticonvulsants c. Tricyclic antidepressants d. Beta-adrenergic blockers