68 Questions
What condition would the nurse monitor a patient taking albuterol for?
Palpitations
Why is nadolol contraindicated for patients with bronchial asthma?
Bronchial asthma
What condition results from the stimulation of beta1 receptors?
Increased myocardial contractility
What should the nurse monitor for in a patient given epinephrine?
Increased blood pressure
Which drugs may have possible interactions with epinephrine when taken together?
Metoprolol
What should the nurse monitor for in a patient prescribed metoprolol for hypertension?
Diaphoresis
What is an important consideration for a nurse teaching a patient about zolpidem?
The drug should only be used for 21 days or less.
What instruction about triazolam is important for the nurse to include?
Long-term use is encouraged.
What drug administration should the nurse expect for conscious sedation during a minor surgical procedure?
Propofol to reduce anxiety.
Which type of seizure involves generalized contraction of the body followed by jerkiness of the arms and legs?
Tonic-clonic seizure.
What effect may zolpidem have as a side effect?
Excitation.
What effect should a nurse warn patients about when taking triazolam?
Respiratory depression.
What is an important instruction for a patient taking aspirin before dental work?
Instruct the patient to inform the dentist of the aspirin dosage before having dental work
What side effect/adverse reaction might a patient expect from taking infliximab?
Renal damage
Which nonopioid medication is least likely to cause gastrointestinal distress?
Celecoxib
What is the maximum recommended dosage of acetaminophen per day for a patient with acute pain?
4 g/day
What finding would be most concerning for a patient receiving periodic morphine via intravenous push?
Decreased respirations
What is an important precaution for a patient regarding aspirin before surgery?
Instruct the patient to inform the surgeon of the aspirin dosage before having surgery
What is true regarding lorazepam?
It is used to treat anxiety, status epilepticus, insomnia, and sedation induction.
Which nursing intervention(s) should be included in a patient's care plan when receiving aripiprazole?
Monitor vital signs to detect orthostatic hypotension.
Which medication is sometimes used instead of lithium to treat bipolar affective disorder?
Divalproex
What interventions may be used to treat phenothiazine overdose?
Gastric lavage
Which medication is not commonly used to treat bipolar affective disorder?
Fluphenazine
What effect does lorazepam have on plasma levels when combined with cimetidine?
Decreased levels
What drug can reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose?
Naloxone
After intravenous morphine administration, what medication is likely needed for a patient with cold, clammy skin, bradycardia, and constricted pupils?
Naloxone
What action should the nurse take for a patient taking acetaminophen?
Report side effects immediately due to severe hepatic damage risk
What should the nurse do for a patient taking nalbuphine?
Monitor any changes in respirations
Which drug should be used during a migraine attack?
Ergotamine
What is the primary concern with a patient showing signs of opioid overdose?
Respiratory depression
What is the action of bethanechol used to treat?
Urinary retention
Which side effect should a patient receiving atropine expect?
Blurred vision
For which condition is benztropine an effective treatment?
Parkinsonism
What condition is dicyclomine, an anticholinergic, used to treat?
Irritable bowel syndrome
Which neurotransmitter do cholinergic agonists mimic?
Acetylcholine
What is an expected cholinergic effect when administering bethanechol?
Increased pupil constriction
What condition is effectively treated with dicyclomine, an anticholinergic?
Irritable bowel syndrome
How is lorazepam classified in terms of its duration of action and associated effects?
Long-acting with potential dependence
How does lorazepam work pharmacologically?
Creating an epidural block by local anesthetic placement
Which side effect is associated with ramelteon use for insomnia?
Sleep-related behaviors manifestation
What is the most critical aspect for a nurse to monitor in a patient who received spinal anesthesia?
Hypotension and headaches
Which mechanism of action describes benzodiazepines like lorazepam?
Enhancing GABA action at GABA receptors
Why is monitoring for potential dependence important in patients taking some benzodiazepines?
To address the development of hangover effects
Which symptom may indicate a concerning adverse reaction to ramelteon in a patient with insomnia?
Laryngospasms
What effect might be observed if a patient has a seizure after prolonged use of a certain drug?
Laryngospasm occurrence
What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take when a patient's serum valproic acid level is 150 mcg/mL?
Hold the medication and notify the health care provider
Which condition is characterized by facial grimacing, involuntary upward eye movement, and muscle spasms of the tongue and face?
Acute dystonia
How do antipsychotic drugs primarily work to help patients feel better?
Blocking actions of dopamine
Which symptoms may a patient experience as a result of extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS) while taking fluphenazine?
Tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait
Which category of medications includes atypical antipsychotics?
Second-generation antipsychotics
What is a common side effect of atypical antipsychotic medications?
Metabolic disturbances
What is a potential adverse effect associated with antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol?
QT interval prolongation
What are some symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) that may occur in patients taking antipsychotic medications?
Elevated temperature and severe muscle rigidity
What advice should the nurse give to a patient taking aspirin before dental work?
Inform the dentist of the aspirin dosage before dental work.
Which side effect/adverse reaction should a patient taking infliximab expect?
Renal damage
For a patient with acute pain, what is the maximum recommended daily dosage of acetaminophen?
4 g/day
What finding would be of utmost concern to a nurse for a patient receiving periodic morphine via intravenous push?
Decreased respirations
What is an important consideration for a patient regarding aspirin before surgery?
Informing the surgeon of the aspirin dosage before surgery.
When administering nonopioid medication, which one is least likely to cause gastrointestinal distress?
Celecoxib
What should a patient be taught about the dosage of acetaminophen for acute pain?
< 4 g/day
Which finding would be most concerning for a patient taking morphine via intravenous push?
Decreased respirations
What is a potential side effect of aripiprazole that the nurse should monitor for in a patient?
Orthostatic hypotension
Which medication is commonly used to treat bipolar affective disorder as an alternative to lithium?
Divalproex
What may happen to plasma levels when lorazepam is combined with cimetidine?
Levels increase
Which intervention may be used to treat an overdose of phenothiazines?
Gastric lavage
What is a common use of lorazepam in patient care?
Insomnia management
Which medication interferes with the binding of dopamine receptors?
Clozapine
What is an important nursing intervention for a patient receiving aripiprazole?
[[Reminding]] the patient to skip doses if feeling better
Study Notes
Adrenergic Agonists and Beta Blockers
- Albuterol is monitored for conditions such as palpitations, hypertension, hypoglycemia, bronchospasm, and uterine contractions.
- Nadolol is contraindicated for patients with bronchial asthma.
- Beta1 receptor stimulation leads to increased myocardial contractility.
- Epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist, can cause increased blood pressure, and the patient should be monitored for this condition.
- Possible drug interactions with epinephrine include albuterol, metoprolol, propranolol, and digoxin.
- Metoprolol is monitored for conditions such as bradycardia, hypotension, diaphoresis, agitation, and erythema.
Sedatives and Hypnotics
- Zolpidem is used for short-term treatment (less than 10 days) and the maximum dose is 20 mg/day.
- Triazolam is an ultra-short–acting medication, and its use should be avoided with alcohol and smoking.
- Conscious sedation for a minor surgical procedure may include the administration of propofol, midazolam, or ketamine.
Antipsychotics and Anxiolytics
- Lorazepam is used to treat anxiety, status epilepticus, insomnia, and sedation induction.
- Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, acute dystonia, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia.
- Phenothiazines can cause symptoms of extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), including tremors, rigidity, and shuffling gait.
Anticholinergics and Cholinergics
- Bethanechol is used to treat urinary retention, delayed gastric emptying, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
- Atropine can cause side effects such as blurred vision, dry mouth, and urinary retention.
- Benztropine is used to treat Parkinsonism, and dicyclomine is used to treat irritable bowel syndrome.
- Cholinergic agonists, such as bethanechol, mimic the action of acetylcholine.
Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers
- Divalproex is used to treat bipolar affective disorder.
- Infliximab can cause side effects such as fatigue, headache, chest pain, renal damage, and severe infections.
Analgesics and Anti-inflammatory Agents
- Aspirin can cause gastrointestinal distress, and the patient should be advised to avoid alcohol and inform the dentist and surgeon of the dosage.
- Acetaminophen dosage should not exceed 3 g/day.
- Morphine can cause respiratory depression, and naloxone is used to reverse respiratory depression caused by opioid overdose.
- Nalbuphine is an opioid agonist-antagonist, and its use should be avoided with alcohol to prevent respiratory depression.
Test your knowledge of psychiatric medications with this quiz focusing on drug names and their uses. Questions cover drugs like clozapine, fluphenazine, and aripiprazole as well as their indications and side effects.
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