Summary

This document is a set of lecture notes on the immune system, vaccinations, and COVID-19 vaccines. Topics covered include the function of memory B cells, the response to pathogens, various types of vaccines, and the process of mRNA vaccines. Diagrams and charts are used to illustrate the concepts.

Full Transcript

NPB 00 Lecture 22 immone system B cells long memory can wait a - timee. Once the same pathogen shows again...

NPB 00 Lecture 22 immone system B cells long memory can wait a - timee. Once the same pathogen shows again - rapidly divide & ↓ Y set aside ma ea as new memory body Bulls response is quicker -larger/stronger - 6 months is great timing between vaccinations. - feel sick for ↳ amount we a b tibody ↑ I I --- infection 15 - -- > 3 infection time we feel same sick bathogen infects you -- ↓ this we could also is the first vaccinate I have , actual infection a pretend infection & you are much without the danger of better of fighting it off the pathogen Vaccinations are great -selfishly : you won't feel sick as often reduced, negative effects on you - from population view spread of discove reduces if more people are vaccinated cannot be · some people Vaccinated (babies 26 month) others not be able to may · build a good response "immune compromised" This HERD is vaccinated immunity enough to step disease : people spreading are What can we use as vaccine · a single protein from pathogen actual · pathogentweakened theat inactivated , cultured in cells to lose its infectiousness) · mRNA vaccines. ↳ encode viral proteins , our cells make these own proteins DNA innucleus 6 these can not bread off change your DNA mRNA into cytoplasm ↓ read off protein A could vaccination. van a protein lipid cover MRNA for spike - = & translate spike - protein into Spike X protein · MHC * · cell · # ⑳ muscle Tell receptor T cell lickines & cytotoxic &per Wine l ↓ & clone clonesitself i b ↓ b plama memory i memory active cells all cell Tull - do "Office hour" not study This is * a unique combo of DNA piece for is cell reaptr C 33 -1 1 I ABTSMDG - - constanas we make Code is cell receptor we cut& paske in DNA B D is made = connecting randomly Midterm 3 25 questions - 4 students questions - 3 Short Answer - 18 multiple choice ~by ex amount H (37 ) volume % Dressure air molecule constant value

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