Wo Lecture PDF
Document Details
Uploaded by FelicitousKazoo7765
University of Sydney
Tags
Summary
This document provides notes on the brain, including the number of neurons, ventricles, and subdivisions. It also mentions the limbic system, basal ganglia, and neocortex. It touches upon the function of the brain's parts and the importance of the nervous system in animals.
Full Transcript
# Wo Lecturel Elephants have the most neurons. ## The Brain * 86 billion neurons * 2 hemispheres (symmetrical) * Responsible for all your complex behaviors ### Ventricles * Spaces in the brain filled with fluids (CSF) * Sewage system * 3 exist in the middle, all connected * Blockage causes hydr...
# Wo Lecturel Elephants have the most neurons. ## The Brain * 86 billion neurons * 2 hemispheres (symmetrical) * Responsible for all your complex behaviors ### Ventricles * Spaces in the brain filled with fluids (CSF) * Sewage system * 3 exist in the middle, all connected * Blockage causes hydrocephalus * Blood/brain barrier works both ways: only in/out * Ventricles are the sewage because of this. ### Subdivisions 1. Brain stem * Controls life-sustaining functions 2. Cerebellum ("small brain") * Densely packed by neurons, has most of the brain neurons. * Control of precision movements (including learned ones) * Dictates what neurons affect things, and to what effect 3. Thalamus & Hypothalamus (Diencephalon) * Thalamus is sensory relay to cortex * All inputs for sensory go through here except smell * Allows brain to regulate flow and prioritize. 4. Limbic System: control of emotion and memory * Amygdala * Hippocampus * Thalamus * Mammillary bodies (in hypothalamus) * Olfactory bulb * Cingulate cortex 5. Basal Ganglia: action & thought * Thalamus * Caudate (left & right) * Putamen * Globus Pallidus * Involved in earlier decisions of action & thought * Parkinson's affects basal ganglia. 6. Neocortex * Convoluted sheet on the top of the brain. * That pink squiggly stuff * Wrinkles because that's the best way to fit it into a head * Made up of 6 layers called laminae * Very adaptable, the more the better. * Four lobes: * Frontal lobe (planning & executive functions) * Parietal lobe (representing space for action) * Temporal lobe (memory & language) * Occipital lobe (vision) - we have mire than any of the others. 7. Corpus callosum * Connects two hemispheres * Plants & fungi do not have a nervous system. * Nervous system is the defining system of animals. * Once you get to vertebrate, then you get a differentiation to the CNS and PNS. * Large differences of sizes impact structures of brain and neocortex specifically.
