Exam 4 Review - Genetics Notes PDF
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Summary
These handwritten notes cover genetics concepts, including DNA structure, replication, and protein synthesis. Dihybrid crossing, incomplete dominance, and other genetic principles are also discussed.
Full Transcript
Exam 4 Review Genetics Homogyzous BB tudyinggenesandDNA Traits physical Attributes...
Exam 4 Review Genetics Homogyzous BB tudyinggenesandDNA Traits physical Attributes of People hybrid Heterogygous Bb ene segmentregine on o sa tronaas a.frnts5e io e im ie where phenotype physicalexternal trait toe's thegene mar at genotypeGenetic traits Dihybridcrossing crossing ppotijiantsnoatleles7 multiplefeatures at once determines phenotype It'sthere Recessive maledeterminessex xyfemale doesn'tshow but xx Mutation Incomplete Dominance Condominance setneytotysnt.tt whenone allele is not Abnormalgenetic ompletlydominant over yhpgsbputeh.ms Ylses changes theyblendin chromosomesmutation where chromosomes are addeddeleted DNA Structure Replication Overview havenucleus ret cell somaticcellsnucleushave 46chromosomes segmentof Gene piece encodes protein I p compacted DNA Eachchromosomehave a ribonucleicacid DNA Deoxy sugar Nitrogenous phosphate bases Structure A Macromolecule magic direction DNAStrands areantiparallel wildingblock nycleotides Told aphodiester send serf made 3structures tend send Deoxyribose phosphategroup Nitrogenousbase4 gar III II gain connected noises DNAReplicationSynthesis dettached Quick overview isunwinded PE g Breakhydrogen bond Acomplementary strand iscreated Details DNApolymerase Origin of Replication Enlongatesthenew strand makes thenewDnastrand is n Prime whereDNA Breaks H bond Helicases polymerase startsreplication starts it'smade primate Topoisomerase untwistscorrects by overwinding before replication fork Single strandbindingproteinSbp keepsparents06 fromrebinding NewDNAstrandPathyprimers leading strand laggingstrand DNAstrand for the parentDNA connectedby created in fragments liggy Transcription translation in the Proteinsynthesis From genes jiggish phenotype determine by proteins it Initiestptypeptides P ii strande Bgth Erna unwind polymeraseto DNAandmake mRNA Deoxyribose poultastran.HN ribose sugar omesprimary transcript sugar CG A G MRNA carriesmessage Bases pG AT Bases Forproteinsynthesis to the nucleus vena i.tn I nTon e the ribosome it mRA uses tRNA iifiitia brings inaminoacidsin makes happens in the Ena In the nucleus ribosome EE.it i i mean MRNA Final product seii if n'stEated ionas