OT 514 Fall 2024 Neuroscience Exam 1 Study Guide PDF

OT 514 Fall 2024 EXAM 1 Study Guide **Remember – everything said in lecture, in the lecture PowerPoints, handouts or labs are fair game…but here are some of the main concepts to help you get started with your studying.** GOOD LUCK! ☺...

OT 514 Fall 2024 EXAM 1 Study Guide **Remember – everything said in lecture, in the lecture PowerPoints, handouts or labs are fair game…but here are some of the main concepts to help you get started with your studying.** GOOD LUCK! ☺ WEEK 1: INTRODUCTION TO NEUROSCIENCE New terminology Different brain cuts/planes o Sagittal o Coronal o Horizontal Locations, functions and illustrations of brain structures o Lobes o Sulci, gyri o Brainstem, Cerebellum, Diencephalon, Telencephalon (cerebral cortex) o What will happen if you have a lesion in any of these brain structures? Function and location of the neuron and all its parts o Neuron o Soma o Axon hillock o Axon o Dendrites o Synaptic terminals o Synapse Functions and types of glial cells In broad terms, what are stem cells? Clinical correlates related to neural tube formation: Anencephaly, Spina Bifida Cerebrospinal fluid system o Broadly understand what the purpose of CSF o Meninges o Clinical correlates: Hydrocephalus, Meningitis Neuroplasticity o Critical periods of development o Changes with aging OT 514 Fall 2024 WEEK 2: SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION, AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM, AND CRANIAL NERVES Classification Systems of neurons o By number of processes o By function Signaling in the Nervous System o Resting Membrane Potential o Action potentials ▪ 6 Phases of an AP ▪ Propagation of the AP ▪ Saltatory Conduction o Synaptic Transmission Neuromuscular junction Clinical Correlates: Multiple Sclerosis, Guillain Barre, Myasthenia Gravis Autonomic Nervous System: o Sympathetic Nervous System: functions o Parasympathetic Nervous System: functions o Clinical correlates: Autonomic dysreflexia Peripheral Nervous System o Cranial nerves ▪ Know which are pure motor, pure sensory, mixed ▪ Basic functions of all 12 nerves ▪ Clinical correlates: Bell’s Palsy, Trigeminal neuralgia WEEK 3 – PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM Brachial Plexus (you do not need to memorize the diagram of the BP) o Motor, Sensory, and Functional Roles of nerves: ▪ Musculocutaneous nerve ▪ Median Nerve ▪ Ulnar nerve ▪ Radial nerve o Types of brachial plexus injuries o Clinical Correlates: Erb’s Palsy, Klumpke’s palsy, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Is recovery possible when a neuron is damaged? In the CNS? In the PNS? o Nerve degeneration o Nerve regeneration OT 514 Fall 2024 Neuropathies o Signs & symptoms of peripheral nerve injuries o Mononeuropathies ▪ Neuropraxia ▪ Axonotmesis ▪ Neurotmesis ▪ Clinical Correlates: Radial nerve palsy o Polyneuropathies ▪ Hallmark symptoms ▪ Clinical correlates: Guillain Barre, Diabetic Polyneuropathy