Neuroimaging in Psychosis: Notes PDF
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Uploaded by AmenableHurdyGurdy5261
University College London, University of London
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Summary
This document examines various aspects related to neuroimaging in relation to psychosis research. It discusses fundamental neuroimaging methods such as MRI, PET, EEG, and MEG. Topics covered include the investigation into the causes of psychosis, the correlation with cognitive and biological models, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approaches.
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**Notes:** **Why the brain?** The final common pathway: - Obstetric complications - Childhood trauma - Marginalised group status - Genetic risk - Substance use - Individual economic - Neighbourhood level factors **Why use neuroimaging in Psychosis research?** It can tell us...
**Notes:** **Why the brain?** The final common pathway: - Obstetric complications - Childhood trauma - Marginalised group status - Genetic risk - Substance use - Individual economic - Neighbourhood level factors **Why use neuroimaging in Psychosis research?** It can tell us about: - Aetiology - Cognitive/biological models of psychosis - Diagnosis and classification - Therapeutics / pharmaco-therapeutics **Neuroimaging Methods** **MRI** - Structural = sMRI, DTI - Functional = fMRI - Neurochemical = MRS **Magnetic Resonance Imaging** **PET & SPECT** - Functional **Positron Emission Tomography** Requires the injection of a radio-tracer that will combine to a receptor of interest - then measure the radioactivity **EEG & MEG** - Functional **Aetiology (cause)** **Structural** *Johnstone et al. 1976: using CT scanning - found enlarged ventricular size in patients with schizophrenia → decrease in brain tissue (grey matter)* Initial neuroimaging studies were structural. Johnstone was first imagine paper in schizophrenia. **What is 'Clinical High Risk' Psychosis Continuum** - Schizophrenia not as a categorical illness → it's a dimensional/continuous concept (e.g. boundaries of arterial blood pressure above which hypertension is diagnosed) - A categorical division is imposed at the point at which is seems useful to initiate treatment - The idea of a dimension makes us think about causal factors operating in the general population - Groups with a Clinical High Risk for psychosis are now identified in early-detection services worldwide **Psychosis at-Risk States** Clinical High Risk Criteria for Psychosis: - Attenuated psychosis syndrome - Brief Limited Intermittent Psychosis (BLIP, \
