Networking 1 - 01.pdf

2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Network Fundamentals Terminologies, Topologies, Classification, Media Types Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson Network Fundamentals 2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t...

2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Network Fundamentals Terminologies, Topologies, Classification, Media Types Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson Network Fundamentals 2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Network Terminologies Network Models Network Classification Physical Media Types 2 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Network Terminologies 3 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Data communication 2 9 , A u g u s t the process of exchanging data between two or more devices over a transmission medium. This involves sending information from one point (sender) to another (receiver) using various communication channels like cables, fiber optics, or wireless signals. 4 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Key components of data communication 2 9 , A u g u s t Sender: The device that originates the data. Receiver: The device that receives the data. Transmission medium: The physical path through which data travels. Message: The information being transmitted. Protocol: A set of rules governing communication. 5 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 What is a Network? 2 9 , A u g u s t A Computer Network refers to two or more connected computers that can share resources such as data, a printer, an Internet connection, applications, or a combination of these resources. 6 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Classification of Network Types – PAN 2 9 , A u g u s t Personal Area Network (PAN) Range: Very short, typically within a few meters. Use: Connecting personal devices like smartphones, tablets, and laptops. Examples: Bluetooth connections, USB connections. 7 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Classification of Network Types – LAN 2 9 , A u g u s t Local Area Network (LAN) Range: Limited to a small geographic area, such as a single building or campus. Use: Connecting computers and devices within a localized area to share resources like printers and files. Examples: Office networks, home networks. 8 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Classification of Network Types – CAN 2 9 , A u g u s t Campus Area Network (CAN) Range: Covers a larger area than a LAN, such as a university campus or a business park. Use: Connecting multiple LANs within a specific geographic area. Examples: University networks, corporate campuses. 9 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Classification of Network Types – MAN 2 9 , A u g u s t Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) Range: Spans a city or a large campus. Use: Connecting multiple LANs across a city or metropolitan area. Examples: City-wide Wi-Fi networks, cable TV networks. 10 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Classification of Network Types – WAN 2 9 , A u g u s t Wide Area Network (WAN) Range: Covers a large geographic area, often a country or continent. Use: Connecting multiple LANs and MANs across long distances. Examples: The internet, corporate networks spanning multiple locations. 11 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Classification of Network Types – GAN 2 9 , A u g u s t Global Area Network (GAN) Range: Worldwide. Use: Connecting networks across the globe. Examples: The internet, global corporate networks. 12 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Network Models The blueprint of your Network 13 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Topologies 2 9 , A u g u s t refers to the arrangement of different elements (like nodes and links) in a computer network. it essentially defines how these components are connected and interact with each other. describes how the parts of a whole work together 14 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Topologies - classification 2 9 , A u g u s t Physical Topology Logical Topology Mostly refers to a network’s Mostly refers to how software hardware and how computers, controls access to network other devices, and cables or resources (including how users radio signals work together to and software initially gain form the physical network access to the network) and how specific resources such as applications and data bases are shared on the network 15 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 BUS Topology 2 9 , A u g u s t Description: All devices are connected to a single central cable, called the bus or backbone. Advantages: Easy to install, requires less cable. Disadvantages: Difficult to troubleshoot, limited cable length and number of stations. 16 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Star Topology 2 9 , A u g u s t Description: All devices are connected to a central hub or switch. Advantages: Easy to install and manage, failure of one device doesn’t affect others. Disadvantages: If the central hub fails, the entire network goes down. Note: Extended Star topology refers to a more elaborate Star topology with more branches from the main hub 17 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Ring Topology 2 9 , A u g u s t Description: Each device is connected to two other devices, forming a circular data path. Advantages: Data packets travel at high speed, no collisions. Disadvantages: Failure of a single device can disrupt the entire network. 18 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Mesh Topology 2 9 , A u g u s t Description: Every device is connected to every other device. Advantages: Highly reliable, robust, and secure. Disadvantages: Expensive and complex to install and maintain. 19 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Tree Topology 2 9 , A u g u s t Description: A combination of star and bus topologies, with groups of star-configured networks connected to a linear bus backbone. Advantages: Scalable, easy to manage and troubleshoot. Disadvantages: If the backbone fails, the entire network is affected. 20 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Hybrid Topology 2 9 , A u g u s t Description: A combination of two or more different types of topologies. Advantages: Flexible and scalable. Disadvantages: Complex to design and implement. 21 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Physical Media Types 22 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Common Physical Media Types 2 9 , A u g u s t Twisted-Pair Twisted-Pair Outer jacket RJ-45 Connector Color-Coded Plastic Insulation Coaxial Outer jacket Braided Copper Shielding Copper Conductor BNC Plastic Insulation Connector Fiber Optics Outer jacket Kevlar Reinforcing Material Glass and Fiber Cladding Plastic Shield 23 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Common Physical Media Types 2 9 , A u g u s t Wireless INTERNET ETHERNET BACKBONE 24 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 Physical Media Comparison 2 9 , A u g u s t 25 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson 2 0 2 4 2 9 , A u g u s t Questions & Answers Portion 26 Network Fundamentals Prepared by: Jensar Joey Z. Sayson