NCM 113 CHN2: Population Groups and Community as Clients PDF

(NCM 113) CHN2: POPULATION GROUPS AND COMMUNITY AS CLIENTS COMMUNITY ORGANIZING PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH (COPAR) Integration with the people is establishing rapport 9. Develop survey tools – comprehensive information...

(NCM 113) CHN2: POPULATION GROUPS AND COMMUNITY AS CLIENTS COMMUNITY ORGANIZING PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH (COPAR) Integration with the people is establishing rapport 9. Develop survey tools – comprehensive information with the people of each family o it means undergoing the life of the people by 10. Orientation of staff/students in making baseline participating in their formal and informal activities. survey Integration with the people is immersing yourself in 11. Conduct baseline study the community form of the survey must be coded according to zone o to know their culture, history, economy & lifestyle and number of house included in the survey o to know the true magnitude of the people’s spot map is made with proper numbering of houses of problems and how to motivate them. each family, with proper coding according to zones a. Assess sources of income, employment and STEPS IN COPAR educational status 1. Pre- Entry Phase b. Look for health centers, interviews re: visits of 2. Entry Phase doctors, nurses, midwives, other health staff. Community Study/ Diagnosis phase c. Assess health status of the community Community Organizing/building phase - Assess morbidity condition, mortality rate and 3. Community Action Phase causes 4. Sustenance & Strengthening Phase - Measures height and weight of children - Appraise the garbage disposal system and PRE-ENTRY PHASE facilities Activities done before going to the community d. Interviews for incidence of crime, drug addiction or 1. Conducts Preliminary investigation – site selection harmful situation/ elements. Criteria for site selection: e. Appraises attitude of residents in relation to the Majority of population belongs to poor sector program. o family income below national poverty f. Interviews to check if other agencies are doing the threshold (13,873 - 2023) same work in the community. Health services in the site is inaccessible/inadequate ENTRY PHASE o lack of primary/secondary hospital within a 30 Student Activities minute ride Will stay for one month in the community o No barangay health station/non- once a weekday off (wed or thurs) operational/unmanned Grp members will take turns for a day off Poor health status of the community Sat/Sun in the community o High malnutrition rate Join daily activities of the residents o High infant mortality rate Conduct house to house visits/informal discussions o Lack of sanitary toilet with residents. o High incidence of communicable diseases Wear simple clothes Area has peace and order to ensure safety of staff, We cautious with personal safety and well-being. students, faculty members Project a respectable decorum Acceptance of the program by the community to Adapt a low-profile approach. ensure their participation Area not served by other agencies with the same Integration of community residents thru immersion in the program community to learn the local culture, local history, 2. Do final networking and consultation with local economy, leadership, lifestyle governments and non-governmental agencies and organization Objectives of Community Integration Make courtesy call to local executive officials, to establish rapport with residents, to learn the local mayor, local health officer, social service, barangay culture, local history, economy, leadership and lifestyle officials of the community. 3. Generate secondary data from provincial, city health offices, rural health 1. Integration of community units Activities 4. Make a list of potential barangays Participate in production activities e.g. planting, 5. Conduct ocular survey. Check site accessibility, harvesting rice, fishing. geographic terrain, safety, available physical House to house visit resources & no. of families Converse with people in places where they usually 6. Identify site gather. 7. Coordinate with LGU and NGO for assistance in the Lend a hand in doing household chores- e.g. cooking, implementation of the program fetching water, baby sitting, marketing, housekeeping. 8. Develop community profile from secondary data: Avoid gambling/drinking demographic profile Do not expect to be treated as visitors. Socio-economic status Infrastracture /physical resource Health conditions/problems Community problems 1  2. CONDUCT A DEEPER SOCIAL INVESTIGATION 8. Conduct team-building and informal education of Social investigation (SI) the core group. a process of systematically learning and analyzing the acquainted with attitude, behavior, lifestyle of core grp various structures in the community (economic, members political, socio-cultural). result of this is the community diagnosis/study 9. Presentation of baseline survey results to the community diagnosis/study a scientific collation and community residents synthesis of data gathered to draw a clear picture of the Objectives: to help the residents understand about the community. health situation of the community Objectives: 10. Conduct self-awareness leadership training (SALT) To gather data on geographic, economic, political, Objectives: to help the members discover their socio-cultural that will identify issues and problems of potentials, talents, and opportunities for growth the community that needs short term and long term To be discussed in the seminar: Concept of man solutions. Communication, organization & leadership, national To identify classes and sectors of society and health situation, local health services, basic health determine their interests and attitudes towards their care. problem. To determine the correct approach to organizing. 11. Conduct community assessment To provide basis for planning and programming of Identify the data needed and the data source organizing activities. Identify type of research being undertaken Formulate research tool Methodology and guidelines in SI: Validate research tool and revise as needed Conduct interview thru: house-to house visits, Plan how to conduct the research – tasks, personnel, informal/social gatherings, participation in production when, how activities. Collect data Observations thru: pure observation, participant Tabulate data observation Analyze/interpret daya in terms of observation, cause & Examination/Review of secondary data effect, initial recommendation 3. Disseminate information on the aims of the 12. Conduct community assembly to present the programs following: Activities: Result of community diagnosis/assessment Conduct delivery of basic health services Use visual aids Identification of core group members Discuss problems/needs identified and what needs prioritization. 4. Preparation for selection of core group members Criteria for core group members: 13. Establish networks with GO, NGO, other persons or Respected community members agencies. Belong to poor sector, represents all zones/families of Generate resources for maintaining and sustaining brgys. health activities Responsible, committed, ready to serve others without Raise consciousness of the community regarding expecting something in return. health & other issues. Willing to learn Mobilize the residents to act on their programs & other Can communicate to a group issues that affect them. 5. Define roles and functions of core group COMMUNITY STUDY / DIAGNOSIS PHASE Prepare the community for health. and development it is a comprehensive documentation of data about work community gathered thru social investigation. Organize a research team for the conduct of community assessment. Components of the Community Study Set-up CHO & identify CHWs 1. Physical and geographical data Mobilize community residents to act on immediate area, size, boundaries health needs by participating in delivery of essential settlement and road patterns health services land area climate 6. Delivery of Basic health services topography and terrain House-to house visitations of students thru BP taking, physical resources weighing of children 2. Demographic data 7. Continue social investigation population discover pressing needs of the community, values, family beliefs, resources of the community that affect health. family structure in terms of age, sex and civil status social relationship original and migration patterns 2  3. Economic condition 12. Community problem and needs source of livelihood of the residents verbalized by people average income as seen by project implementation, data included systems of production (who owns & control the in survey form production, distribution and consumption attitude towards change land property (size & no. of property of diff. classes, roles/positions in production) and ownership COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION AND CAPABILITY pattern of expenditure BUILDING current price and wage indices 1. Hold Community meetings to draw up guidelines for community health organization. Discuss advantages 4. Socio-political system and disadvantages. what cultural media & institutions (church, Clarify responsibility of officers and members schools, radio, tv, etc) are present? 2. Election & induction of officers. Who owns and control them? What values/beliefs 3. Devt of management systems, procedures, delineation do they propagate? of roles, functions, tasks of officers what are the existing organizations in the 4. team-building activities community? What is the structure and 5. ACTION, REFLECTION ACTION SESSION (ARAS) membership? 6. WORKING out legal requirements for the What are their objectives, projects, services establishment of CHO. 7. Organization of the working committees, task groups, 5. Mortality and morbidity data e.g. educ & training, health services, ways and means rates of mortality and morbidity committees leading causes of morbidity and mortality. 8. Training of CHO officers and members. 6. Food supply and nutrition COMMUNITY ACTION PHASE quality and quantity of food intake per family. 1. Organization and training of Community health workers common practices in food handling, preparation devt of selection criteria for CHWs and consumption selection of CHWs –each zone of grp of families training of CHW 7. Cultural practices and common cultural beliefs and 2. Setting up of linkages, network and referral systems health practices provide lists of hospitals, social service dept., rituals that have bearing on health and health nutritional council, health centers or private practices physician or nurses. non-health related seasonal rituals and their 3. Project implementation, monitoring and evaluation schedules. (PIME) of health services, intervention schemes and community devt. projects. 8. Health services and facilities 4. Initial identification and implementation of resource availability of health center staff mobilization scheme. availability of medicines and clinic supplies methods of referral system SUSTENANCE & STRENGHTENING PHASE sanitation facilities, practices and problems 1. Prepare and arrange for a seminar of financial and general condition of natural plants management systems, invite speakers and leaders, availability of herbs and medicinal plants members and officers of the community to attend. availability of local health resources as hilot and Make posters to invite people to attend herbolarios 2. Identify and develop secondary leaders Visit families and encourage to attend leadership 9. Education seminars ave. level of educational attainment 3. Conduct intensive seminars to educate and re-educate Educational facilities or upgrade the training of leaders, CHWs and residents. 4. Assist Community Health officers (CHO) in making by- 10. Community Leadership and Organization laws, give instructions on the content and purpose of existing community organizations, projects and this registration. activities 5. Secure forms for SEC registration and explain existing informal groups requirement for registration. nature of leadership for each 6. Assist officers to make formal letters or Memorandum organization/qualities/method of selection. of Agreement to formalize linkages, networks, referral o informal & formal leaders systems. leadership style and process 7. Development and implementation of viable o decision-making structure management systems and procedures, continuing education & training of leaders, CHWs and community 11. Development agencies residents. list of NG0’s and govt agencies in the area 8. Assist CHO officers in planning and developing other types of programs and services health projects esp. income generating projects people’s perception of these agencies, their 9. Encourage and assist officers to join other community participation in program and services, benefits organizations to share resources among themselves in from these programs the community. 10. Work with the Dept. of local health units to observe community health workers if they are capable to become members of the health station w/ honorarium and other privileges. 3