NCERT LINE BY LINE (UPDATED) BIOLOGY PDF

TG: @NEETxNOAH NTA NEET (UG) BIOLOGY (Line by line Chapterwise and Topicwise based on NCERT Textbook) Author Rakshita Singh Join Telegram - CLICK HERE TG: @NEETxNOAH ...

TG: @NEETxNOAH NTA NEET (UG) BIOLOGY (Line by line Chapterwise and Topicwise based on NCERT Textbook) Author Rakshita Singh Join Telegram - CLICK HERE TG: @NEETxNOAH  TG: @NEETxNOAH Published by Invincible Publishers 201A, SAS Tower, Sector 38, Gurugram – 122003 Phone: +91-124-4034247, +91 9599066061 www.invinciblepublishers.com Sales: Office No. 4760-61/23 Basement, Pratap Street, Ansari Road Daryaganj, New Delhi. 110002 Phone: +91-11-40198405 Email: [email protected] This book is a work of academic. Names, characters, places and incidents are either the product of the author’s imagination or are used fictitiously. Any resemblance to real per- sons, living or dead, or actual events or locations, is purely coincidental and the publisher does not hold responsibility for the same. First edition – 2023 © Rakshita Singh ISBN: 978-81-962775-9-8 All rights reserved. The moral right of the author has been asserted. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner what- soever without the express written permission of the author except for the use of brief quotations in a book review of a scholarly journal. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated, without the publisher’s prior consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is originally published. TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE  TG: @NEETxNOAH SECTION A: BOTANY Part A: Botany (Class XIth) 01-144 1. The Living World 01 2. Biological Classification 11 3. Plant Kingdom 25 4. Morphology of Flowering Plants 37 5. Anatomy of Flowering Plants 50 6. Cell : The Unit of Life 63 7. Cell Cycle and Cell Division 79 8. Transport in Plants 89 9. Mineral Nutrition 102 10. Photosynthesis in Higher Plants 109 11. Respiration in Plants 123 12. Plant Growth & Development 132 Part B: Botany (Class XIIth) 145-240 13. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants 145 CONTENT 14. Principles of Inheritance and Variation 159 15. Molecular Basis of Inheritance 175 16. Microbes in Human Welfare 193 17. Organisms and Populations 203 18. Ecosystem 213 19. Biodiversity and Conservation 222 20. Environmental Issues 231 SECTION B: ZOOLOGY Part A: Zoology (Class XIth) 01-138 1. Animal Kingdom 01 2. Structural Organisation in Animals 18 3. Biomolecules 33 4. Digestion 48 5. Breathing and Exchange of Gases 58 TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE  TG: @NEETxNOAH 6. Body Fluids and Circulation 67 7. Excretory products and their elimination 80 8. Locomotion and Movement 91 9. Neural Control and Coordination 102 10. Chemical Control and Coordination 125 Part B: Zoology (Class XIIth) 139-248 11. Reproduction in Organisms 139 12. Human Reproduction 147 13. Reproductive Health 165 14. Evolution 177 15. Human Health and Diseases 196 16. Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production 215 17. Biotechnology : principles and Processes 232 18. Biotechnology and its applications 243 TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE  TG: @NEETxNOAH BOTANY TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE  TG: @NEETxNOAH CLASS XI- BOTANY 1 Chapter The Living World MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (c) Reproduction Topic Characteristics of Living (d) Response to external stimuli 1 Organisms 5. Assertion: Reproduction is not a defining property 1. All living organisms are linked to each other of living organisms. because they Reason: Mules do not reproduce. (a) show a common cellular organization. (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason (b) possess common genetic material of the same is the correct explanation of assertion. type. (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason (c) share common genetic material but to varying is not the correct explanation of assertion. degrees. (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. (d) all of these. (d) Both assertion and reason are false. 2. Assertion: Non-living objects also grow. 6. Which one of the following is affected by Reason: They grow by accumulation of material photoperiod? on the surface. (a) reproduction (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason (b) metabolism is the correct explanation of assertion. (c) growth (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason (d) cellular organization is not the correct explanation of assertion. 7. Assertion: Non-living objects also exhibit (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. metabolism. (d) Both assertion and reason are false. Reason: Isolated metabolic reactions occurring, 3. An isolated metabolic reaction occurring in-vitro in vitro are living things. are not living things, but surely living reactions. (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason It proves that ‘A’ of the body is the defining is the correct explanation of assertion. feature of life forms. Here ‘A’ is (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason (a) reproduction is not the correct explanation of assertion. (b) cellular organization (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. (c) metabolic reactions (d) Both assertion and reason are false. (d) growth 8. Reproduction occurs in yeast and hydra, by 4. Which one is the defining characteristics of living (a) conjugation (b) sporulation organisms? (c) budding (d) none of these (a) Growth 9. The organism(s) that can be multipled by (b) Ability to make sound fragmentation is/are TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE 2 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH (a) fungi (b) filamentous algae 16. Match Column-I against Column-II and choose (c) protonema of moss (d) all of these the correct option from the codes given below. 10. In Amoeba, reproduction is synonymous with Column -I Column -II (a) digestion (b) growth Organisms Method of organ- (c) locomotion (d) none of these isms A Planaria 1 Fragmentation 11. Which one is considered as the twin characteristics of growth? B Hydra 2 Regeneration (a) increase in mass C Fungi 3 Binary fission (b) increase in number C Amoeba 4 Budding (c) increase in length (d) both (a) and (b). Codes A B C D 12. Unicellular organisms are grow by a 2 4 1 3 (a) cell elongation b 4 2 3 1 (b) cell division (c) accumulation of material on the surface c 3 1 4 2 (d) none of these d 1 3 2 4 13. Mountains, boulders and sand mounds also grow, 17. The sum total of all the chemical reactions but they are not considered as living organisms occurring in our body is known as because they grow by (a) anabolism (b) catabolism (a) Accumulation of material on their inner (c) metabolism (d) none of these surface. 18. An isolated metabolic reaction outside the body (b) the division of their particles. of an organism, performed in a test-tube is (c) accumulation of material on their outer (a) living surface. (b) non-living (d) both (a) and (b) (c) neither living nor non-living 14. Which one is the correct statement about growth (d) sometimes living and sometimes non-living in plants? depending upon environmental factors (a) Growth occurs continuously throughout their 19. Which one is the incorrect statement from the life span by cell division. following? (b) The growth is seen only upto a certain age. (a) All living organisms exhibit metabolism. (c) Growth occurs by the accumulation of (b) Metabolism is the sum total of all chemical material on the upper surface of their cells. reactions occurring in our body. (d) Growth occurs only in certain cells. (c) Metabolism is a defining feature of all living organisms. 15. Living organism (s) that do not reproduce are : (d) Metabolic reactions cannot be demonstrated (a) Mule outside the body in cell-free systems. (b) Worker bees (c) Infertile human couples 20. Living organisms respond to environmental (d) All of these stimuli which could be (a) physical (b) chemical (c) biological (d) all of these TG: @NEETxNOAH The Living World 3 TG: @NEETxNOAH 21. Match Column-I with Column-II and choose (c) Scientific names are in Latin and should be the correct option from the codes given below: italicized. (d) Generic and specific names should be written Column -I Column -II starting with small letters. A Growth 1 Production of 24. Biological names are generally written in progeny (a) Greek language (b) Latin language B Reproduction 2 Sum of all chemi- (c) English language (d) ) Hebrew language cal reactions occur- ring in body 25. Assertion: Binomial nomenclature given by C Metabolism 3 Sense and respond Linnaeus is being practiced by biologists all to environmental over the world. stimuli Reason: Each name of this system has two D Conscious- 4 Increase in mass components, the generic name and the specific ness and number epithet. (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason Codes is the correct explanation of assertion. A B C D (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason a 3 2 4 1 is not the correct explanation of assertion. b 4 1 2 3 (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. c 1 3 2 4 (d) Both assertion and reason are false. d 2 4 3 1 26. Assertion: The process of classification of organisms is taxonomy. Topic Reason: It is merely based on the external Diversity in the Living World features of organisms. 2 (a Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion. 22. Which one does not match according to rules (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but of nomenclature? Reason is not the correct explanation of (a) Biological names are generally given in Assertion. Latin. (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. (b) The first word in biological name represents (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. the genus while the second component denotes the specific epithet. 27. Assertion: Systematics is the study of organisms, (c) When hand written, both words of biological their diversities but not the relationships among names are separately underlined. them. (d) Both the words of biological name start Reason: Systematics is derived from a Latin with capital letter. word ‘systema’. A) Both Assertion and Reason are true and 23. Which of the following is against the rules of Reason is correct explanation of Assertion. ICBN? B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but (a) Handwritten scientific names should be Reason is not the correct explanation of underlined. Assertion. (b) Every species should have a generic name C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. and a specific epithet. TG: @NEETxNOAH 4 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. Codes 28. The process by which organisms are grouped A B C D into convenient categories based on some easily a 3 4 1 2 observable characters, is called b 2 1 3 4 (a) taxonomy (b) identification c 1 2 4 3 (c) classification (d) nomenclature d 4 3 2 1 29. The scientific term used for the categories of 35. The process of naming of living organisms is organisms to study them is called (a) taxa (b) biological name (a) systematics (b) taxonomy (c) systematics (d) none of these (c) nomenclature (d) none of these 30. The science of classification is called (a) systematics (b) taxonomy 36. Identification of an organism is its (c) nomenclature (d) identification (a) correct description 31. The modern taxonomic studies are based on (b) correct classification (a) cell structures (c) correct nomenclature (b) external and internal structure (d) all of these (c) development process (d) all of these 37. ICBN stands for 32. Which one is not the basic to taxonomy among (a) International Code for Biological Naming the following process? (b) International Centre for Botanical (a) Identification Nomenclature (b) Classification (c) Indian Code for Biological Nomenclature (c) Collection of specimen (d) International Code for Botanical (d) Nomenclature Nomenclature 33. Systematics refers to 38. Choose the correct statement about scientific (a) diversities of different kinds of organisms names. and their relationship. (a) They ensure that each organism has only (b) identification and study of organ systems one name. of organisms. (b) Description of any organism should enable (c) identification and preservation of organisms. the people to arrive at the same name. (d) study of habitat of organisms and their (c) They ensure that such a name has not been classification. used for any other organism. 34. Match Column-I with Column-II and choose (d) All of these. the correct option from the codes given below. 39. The system of providing a name with two Column -I Column -II components is called A Mammalia 1 Specific epithet (a) trinomial nomenclature (b) binomial nomenclature B Mangifera 2 Branch of study (c) uninominal nomenclature C indica 3 Taxa (d) none of these D Systematics 4 Generic name TG: @NEETxNOAH The Living World 5 TG: @NEETxNOAH II. Sub-categories have also been developed in 40. The naming system, which is practised by the taxonomic hierarchy to facilitate more biologists all over the world, was given by sound and scientific placement of various (a) Carolus Linnaeus (b) Whittaker taxa. (c) Haeckel (d) Woese III. Class includes related orders. 41. Match the Column-I with Column-II and choose IV. Convolvulaceae family is included in the correct option from the codes given below. Polymoniales order on the basis of its floral characters. Column -I Column -I Choose the correct option. A Biodiversity 1 Correct (a) I and IV (b) II and III description of (c) II, III and IV (d) All of these an organism 45. Match Column-I with Column-II for housefly B Nomencla- 2 The variety of classification and select the correct option using ture living organisms the codes given below. C Identification 3 A system of providing a name Column -I Column -II with two A Family (1) Diptera components B Order (2) Arthropoda D Binomial 4 Naming of living nomenclature organisms C Class (3) Muscidae D Phylum (4) Insecta Codes Codes A B C D A B C D a 2 4 1 3 a 4 3 2 1 b 4 3 2 1 b 4 2 1 3 c 1 2 4 3 c 3 1 4 2 d 3 1 4 2 d 3 2 4 1 42. Select correctly written scientific name of mango which was first described by Carolus Linnaeus. 46. Assertion: Genus may have one or more than (a) Mangifera indica Car Linn. one species epithets (b) Mangifera indica Linn. Reason: Genus comprises a group of related (c) Mangifera indica species (d) Mangifera Indica (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason 43. In Mangifera indica Linn., the specific epithet is the correct explanation of assertion. is (b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason (a) Mangifera (b) indica is not the correct explanation of assertion. (c) Linn. (d) Both A. and B. (c) Assertion is true but reason is false. (d) Both assertion and reason are false. Topic Taxonomic Categories 47. Assertion: Order is the assemblage of families 3 which exhibit a few similar characters. 44. Choose the correct statements from the following: I. In case of plants, classes with a few similar Reason: Plant family Polymoniales is included characters are aligned to a higher category in the order Solanaceae based on called phylum. the floral characters. TG: @NEETxNOAH  Join Telegram - CLICK HERE 6 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true d Ma- Feli- Car- Fe- Pan- Leo and Reason is correct explanation of mmlia dae ni- liac- thera Assertion. vora eae (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct 50. All the taxonomic categories together constitute explanation of Assertion. the (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. (a) taxon (b) family (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. (c) kingdom (d) hierarchy 48. Assertion: Wheat belongs to the family 51. The lowest taxonomic category in BOTANY Poaceae. (a) a genus (b) species Reason: Wheat is a member of order (c) class (c) family Poales. 52. The basic requirement for placing an organism (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true in various categories is the knowledge of and Reason is correct explanation of (a) characters of an individual Assertion. (b) characters of group of organisms (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, (c) binomial nomenclature but Reason is not the correct (d) both (a) and (b) explanation of Assertion. (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. 53. Solanum includes species (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. (a) nigrum (b) melongena (c) tuberosum (d) all of these 49. Which one of the following options represents the correct classification for the animal shown 54. The taxonomic category, genus represents below? (a) an individual organism (b) a collection of organisms (c) a group of closely related species of organisms (d) none of these 55. Match Column-I and Column-II and choose the correct option from the codes given below. Column -1 Column -II Phy- class Order Gen- Spe- A Lion 1 Panthera tigris lum us cies B Leopard 2 Panthera leo a Chor- Verte- Chi- Can- Tig- C Tiger 3 Solanum data brata rop- is ris nigrum tera D Potato 4 Panthera b Cho- Ma- Ca- Pan- Tig- pardus data mma- rin - thera ris lia vora Codes - c Ver- Mam- Car- Pan- Tig- A B C D tebra- malia nivo- thera ris ra a 2 4 1 3 ta TG: @NEETxNOAH The Living World 7 TG: @NEETxNOAH Family GenusSpecies b 4 2 1 3 C. Kingdom Division Order Class c 1 2 4 3 FamilyGenusSpecies d 3 4 2 1 D. Kingdom  Division ClassOrder Family Genus Species 56. ‘Suffix’ used for a unit of classification in plants to indicate ‘family’ taxonomic category is 62. The kingdom that comprises all plants from (a) -ales (b) -onae various divisions is (c) -aceae (d) ae (a) Plantae (b) Animalia (c) Chordata (d) Mammal 57. The taxonomic category ‘order’ lies between (a) Genus and Species 63. Match the Column-I with Column-II and (b) Genus and Family choose the correct option from the codes given (c) Family and Class below: (d) Class and Phylum Column -I Column -II 58. Choose the incorrect statement from the A Order (1) Solanum following. B Kingdom (2) Solanaceae (a) Each genus may have one or more than C Family (3) Plantae one specific epithets representing different D Genus (4) tuberosum organisms. E Species (5) Polymoniales (b) Potato and brinjal are two different species but both belong to the genus Solanum. Codes (c) ‘Families’ are characterized on the basis A B C D E of merely reproductive features of plant a 5 3 2 1 4 species. b 4 2 5 3 1 (d)‘Order’ is a higher taxonomic c 1 5 3 4 2 category and is identified on the basis of d 3 4 1 5 2 aggregates of characteristics. 59. Fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds represent 64. In a taxonomic hierarchy, on moving from which taxonomic category? species to kingdom, the number of (a) Class (b) Phylum common characteristics (c) Order (d) Kingdom (a) will increase (b) remain same 60. The ‘phylum’ taxon of animal classification is (c) will decrease equivalent to which taxon of plant classification? (d) may increase or decrease (a) Class (b) Division (c) Order (d) Family 61. Which one shows hierarchical arrangement of Topic 4 Taxonomical Aids taxonomic categories of plants in descending order? A. KingdomDivisionClassOrder 65. The contrasting characteristics generally in a pair FamilySpeciesGenus used for identification of animals in Taxonomic B. Kingdom DivisionOrderClass key are referred to as (a) Lead (b) Couplet TG: @NEETxNOAH 8 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH (c) Doublet (d) Alternate 69. Choose the correct statements about taxonomic keys. 66. Taxonomic key is used in the preparation of the I. It is used for the identification of only plants. (a) monographs (b)) flora II. Each statement in the key is called a lead. (c) both A and B (d) none of these III. No separate taxonomic keys are required 67. Each statement in a key is known as a for different taxonomic categories. (a) couplet (b) lead (a) II and III (b) I and II (c) monograph (d) none of these (c) III and I (d) II only 68. Match items given in Column-I with those in 70. Which one is not a taxonomic aid among the Column-II and select the correct option given following? below. (a) Flora (b) Manual (c) Taxon (d) Key Column -I Column -II 71. Which one contains information on any one A Herbarium (1) It is place taxon among the following? having a (a) Flora (b) Monograph collection of (c) Manual (d) Catalogue preserved plants and animals. 72. Assertion: Herbarium is a storehouse of collected B Key (2) A list that plant specimens that are dried, pressed and enumerates preserved on sheets. methodically all the species Reason: Herbaria serve as quick referral systems found in an area in taxonomical studies. with brief. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and C Museum (3) It is a place Reason is correct explanation of Assertion. where dried (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but and pressed Reason is not the correct explanation of plant specimens Assertion. mounted on (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. sheets are kept. (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. D Catalogue (4) A booklet con- taining a list of 73. Assertion: Museums have collection of preserved characters and plants and animals. their alternates Reason: In museums, as far as possible, which are help- conditions similar to their natural habitat are ful in identifica- provided. tion of various (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and taxa. Reason is correct explanation of Assertion. Codes (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but A B C D Reason is not the correct explanation of a 1 4 3 2 Assertion. (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. b 3 2 1 4 (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. c 2 4 3 1 d 3 4 1 2 TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE The Living World 9 TG: @NEETxNOAH 80. Match the Column-I and Column-II and choose 74. Assertion: The taxonomical keys are based on the correct option from the codes given below: the contrasting characters. Reason: Each statement in the key is called a Column -I Column -II couplet. A Kew Botani- (1) Dehradun (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and cal Garden Reason is correct explanation of Assertion. B Indian Botan- (2) Lucknow (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but ical Garden Reason is not the correct explanation of C National (3) England Assertion. Botanical (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. Research (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. Institute 75. Taxonomic studies of various organisms are D Forest (4) Howrah Research useful in Institute (a) agriculture (b) forestry (c) industry (d) all of these Codes A B C D 76. Which of the following is/are required for a 3 4 2 1 taxonomic studies? b 4 2 3 1 (a) Correct classification (b) Correct identification of organisms c 1 3 4 2 (c) Intensive laboratory and field studies d 2 1 3 4 (d) All of these 81. At which one of the following place National 77. A store house of collected plant specimens that Botanical Research Institute is situated? are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets is a (a) Howrah (b) Lucknow (a) herbarium (b) botanical garden (c) Dehradun (d) Delhi (c) zoological park (d) catalogue 82. Which one is the incorrect statement? (a) Herbarium is a storehouse of collected 78. Which information is not provided by the plant specimens that are dried, pressed and herbarium sheet about a plant among the preserved on sheets. following ? (b) Herbaria serve as quick referral systems in (a) Collector’s name taxonomical studies. (b) Place of collection (c) Botanical gardens have collection of (c) Economic importance of plant species preserved plant materials also. (d) Botanical name of the plant (d) Indian Botanical Garden is situated at 79. Which one of the specialised gardens have Howrah, India. collections of living plants for reference? 83. Biological museums have collection of (a) Herbarium (a) preserved plant specimens (b) Botanical gardens (b) preserved animal specimens (c) Zoological parks (c) live plants and animals (d) Museum (d) both (a) and (b) TG: @NEETxNOAH 10 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH 89. Which one of the following keys are used for 84. In biological museums, insects are preserved identifying plants and animals? (a) in preservative solutions (a) morphology (b) after stuffing (b) anatomy (c) after collecting, killing and pinning (c) similarities and dissimilarities (d) as skeletons (d) all of these 85. Match Column-I with Column-II and choose 90. The contrasting characters in a key which are the correct option from the codes given below: generally in a pair is called A) couplet B) doublet Column -I Column -II C) triplet D) all of these (Organism) (Method of Preservation Skeleton) A Birds (1) Skeleton B Human (2) Preservative solution C Insects (3) Stuffing D Small ani- (4) In boxes af- mals terkilling and pinning Codes A B C D a 3 1 4 2 b 4 3 2 1 c 1 2 3 4 d 2 4 1 3 86. The place where wild animals are kept in protected environment is (a) botanical garden (b) zoological park (c) museum (d) herbarium 87. Zoological parks are also called (a) museum (b) garden (c) zoo (d) none of these 88. Zoological parks and botanical gardens have a collection of (a) exotic living species only (b) endemic living species only (c) both (a) and (b) (d) only local plants and animals TG: @NEETxNOAH The Living World 11 TG: @NEETxNOAH ANSWER KEY 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (d) 11. (d) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (d) 20. (d) 21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (a) 26. (c) 27. (c) 28. (c) 29. (a) 30. (b) 31. (d) 32. (c) 33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (c) 36. (a) 37. (d) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (a) 41. (a) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (a) 49. (b) 50. (d) 51. (b) 52. (d) 53. (d) 54. (c) 55. (a) 56. (c) 57. (c) 58. (c) 59. (a) 60. (b) 61. (b) 62. (a) 63. (a) 64. (c) 65. (b) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (d) 69. (d) 70. (c) 71. (b) 72. (a) 73. (c) 74. (a) 75. (d) 76. (d) 77. (a) 78. (c) 79. (b) 80. (a) 81. (b) 82. (d) 83. (d) 84. (c) 85. (a) 86. (b) 87. (c) 88. (c) 89. (d) 90. (a) TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE  TG: @NEETxNOAH 2 Chapter Biological Classification MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Fungi has cell wall composed of– 7. Linnaeus system of classification did not deal (a) Cellulose with – (b) Non – cellulosic + amino acid (a) Eukaryotes and prokaryotes (c) Chitin (b) Unicellular & multicellular (d) Absence of cell wall (c) Photosynthetic & non – photosynthetic (d) All of these 2. How many kingdom from R.H. Whittaker system does have exclusive autotrophic mode 8. How many kingdom according to five kingdom of nutrition? classification and Linnaeus system of classification (a) Zero (b) One is/are dedicated for prokaryotes exclusively? (c) Two (d) Three (a) 1, 0 (b) 1, 1 (c) 2, 0 (d) 3, 1 3. Unicellular eukaryotic organisms are categorised in- 9. Moneran cell wall is composed of (a) Monera (b) Protista (a) Polysaccharide (non-cellulose) only (c) Plantae (d) Animalia (b) Polysaccharide (cellulose) (c) Polysaccharide (chitin) 4. How many of the following organisms belong (d) Amino acid and non-cellulosic polysaccha- to Protista: Amoeba, Spirogyra, Chlamydomonas, ride Chlorella, Paramecium. (a) 5 (b) 4 10. Chemosynthetic mode of nutrition is found is – (c) 3 (d) 2 (a) Monera (b) Protist (c) Plantae (d) Fungi 5. In five kingdom classification, multicellularity begins from – 11. R.H.Whittaker classification is/are based upon – (a) Animalia (b) Plantae (a) Cell structure & body organisation (c) Protista (d) Fungi (b) Mode of nutrition & reproduction (c) Phylogentic relationship 6. Choose the correct option with respect to the (d) All of these scientific basis of classification. (a) It was proposed by Aristotle 12. Five kingdom classification was proposed in – (b) Plants were divided as trees, shrubs & herbs (a) 1969 (b) 1996 on the basis of their morphological charac- (c) 1699 (d) None of these ters (c) Animals were classified into two groups, 13. Choose the correct about 3 – domain system of those which have red blood and those that classification. did not (a) Two domain are dedicated for prokaryoties (d) All of these of classification. while one domain is dedi- cated for eukaryoties TG: @NEETxNOAH 12 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH (b) One domain is dedicated for prokaryoties 19. Identify the shape of bacteria. while two domains are for eukaryoties (c) It has seven kingdom which are categorised in 3 – domain (d) It has six kingdom of which one kingdom is in first and third domain while 5 – kingdom is second domain. 14. Earlier system of classification included bacteria, (a) a = Cocci, b = Rod shaped, c = Bacilli, d BGA (blue green algae) fungi, mosses, ferns = comma shaped under ‘Plants’ on the basis of- (b) a = Spherical coccus, B = Bacilli, (a) Mode of nutrition c = Spirilla, d = Vibrio (b) Body organisation & nuclear structure (c) a = Cocci, b = Spirilla, c = Vibrio, (c) Presence of cell wall d = Bacilli (d) Nature of cell wall. (d) a = Vibrio, b = Spirilla, c = Bacilli, d = Coccus 15. How many of the following are prokaryotes: Bacteria, Mosses, Ferns, Fungi, 20. Choose the correct statement: Pteridophyta, blue green algae, (a) Bacteria are sole members of kingdom Gymnosperms Angiosperm? monera. (a) 1 (b) 2 (b) Bacteria are abundant macro – organisms (c) 3 (d) More than 4 (c) Bacteria occurrence is limited to some area. (d) Bacteria can’t live in extreme habitat like desert Topic Kingdom Monera 1 Topic 2 Archaebacteria 16. On the basis of shape; bacteria are grouped 21. Archaebacteria differ from other bacteria in under_____ categories. having – (a) Four (b) Five (a) Definite nuclear structure (c) Three (d) None of these (b) Different cell wall structure 17. Choose the correctly stated statement: (c) Adaptable cytoplasmic concentration (a) Bacterial structure and behaviour are com- (d) Some membranous cell organelles plex. (b) Bacterial structure and behaviour are 22. Survival of archaebacteria in extreme condition simple is achieved by – (c) Bacterial structure is complex while behav- (a) Cell wall structure iour is simple (b) Some membranous cell organelles (d) Bacterial structure is simple while behav- (c) Adaptability & cytoplasm iour is complex (d) All of these 18. Synthesis of own food from inorganic substrate 23. Which of following statement is/are false? (a) Methanogens are present in alimentary occur in – canal of several ruminant animals like cows (a) Autotrophic nutrition & buffaloes (b) Chemosynthetic autotroph (b) Methanogens are responsible for produc- (c) Photosynthetic autotroph tion of biogas from dung of ruminant (d) All of these animals TG: @NEETxNOAH Biological Classification 13 TG: @NEETxNOAH (c) Methanogens are present in gut of several 28. Choose the incorrect option about bacterial non – ruminant like cows & buffaloes reproduction – (d) (a) and (b) (a) Bacteria reproduce mainly by fission (b) Under unfavourable condition they produce 24. Match Column-I against Column-II and choose by spores the correct option from the codes given below. (c) They also reproduce by sexual reproduction (d) They show a sort of sexual reproduction Column -I Column -II Organisms Habitats 29. Below are given few statements. Identify the A Halophiles 1 Marshy area organism on the basis of statement. B Thermo- 2 Salty area i. Lack cell wall acidophiles ii. Smallest living cell known iii. Can survive without oxygen C Methanogens 3 Hot springs iv. Pathogenic in animals & plants. (a) Nostoc (b) Anabaena (a) A - 2, B - 3, C - 1 (c) Mycoplasma (d) Chlorella (b) A -1, B- 3, C - 2 (c) A- 3, B -2, C - 1 30. Label A , B and identify organism (C). (d) A - 2, B - 1, C -3 Topic 3 Eubacteria 25. Choose the wrong statement for chemosynthetic autotroph bacteria: (a) They oxidise various inorganic substrate- (a) A = Heterocyst, B = Mucilagenous sheath, such as nitrates, nitrites & ammonia and C = Nostoc, an archaebacteria use the released energy for their ATP pro- (b) A = Heterocyst, B = Mucilagenous sheath, duction C = Nostoc (b) They play great role in recycling nutrient (c) A = Mucilagenous, B = Heterocyst, C = like nitrogen, phosphorous, iron & sulphur Nostoc (c) For their energy production they utilize (d) A = heterocyst, B = Mucilagenoussheath, C solar energy = Nostoc, a filamentous blue-green algae (d) They can prepare their food from inorganic substrate. 31. Choose the correct statements about blue green algae: 26. Citrus canker is – i. These are also known as cyanobacteria (a) Plant disease cause by bacteria ii. Presence of chlorophyll a, b similar to (b) Human disease cause by bacteria green plants (c) Pet disease cause by bacteria iii. Photosynthetic autotroph (d) None of these iv. May be unicellular, colonial or filamentous 27. Which of following is not an economic v. Occur in aquatic as well as terrestrial habi- importance of heterotrophic bacteria? tat. (a) Making curd from milk (a) i, iii, iv, v (b) i, ii, iii, iv, v (b) Antibiotic production (c) i, ii, iv, v (d) None of these (c) N2 fixing in root of legumes (d) N2 fixing in Anabaena TG: @NEETxNOAH Join Telegram - CLICK HERE 14 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH 32. Nitrogen fixation is done by – 39. Based upon the modes of nutrition, protists are (a) Specialised vegetative cell i.e., Heterocyst grouped into – of Nostoc & Anabaena (a) Plant-like protists (algae) and ingestive, (b) Specialised reproductive cell i.e., Hetero- animal-like protists (protozoa); and absorp- cyst of Nostac & Anabaena tive, fungus like protists (c) Specialised vegetative as well as repro- (b) Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates and Eugle- ductive cell i.e., Heterocyst of Nostoc & noids only Anabaena (c) Slime moulds and fungi only (d) None (d) Flagellated protozoans and sporozoans only 40. Which of the following are placed under Protista? Topic (a) Chryosophytes and Dinoflagellates 4 Kingdom Protista (b) Euglenoids (c) Slime moulds and Protozoans 33. Protists form a link with – (d) All (a) Plants only 41. Locomotory structures in protists are – (b) Animals only (a) Flagella (b) Cilia (c) Fungi only (c) Pseudopodia (d) All of the above (d) Plants, animals and fungi Topic 34. Protista includes - Chrysophytes (a) Unicellular prokaryotes 5 (b) Bacteriophages (c) Unicellular eukaryotes 42. The diatoms do not easily decay like most of (d) B.G.A the other algae because - (a) They have highly siliceous wall 35. Which of the following kingdoms has no well (b) They have waterproof cells defined boundaries? (c) Their cell wall are mucilaginous (a) Monera (d) Cell wall is virus-resistant (b) Protista (c) Fungi 43. Diatomaceous earth is used for all except (d) Metaphyta and Metazoa (a) Polishing (b) Filtration of oils and syrups 36. Members of Protista are primarily (c) Sound and fire proof room (a) Parasites (b) Terrestrial (d) Biogas (c) Aquatic (d) Photosynthetic 44. Chrysophytes are - 37. Nearly all protists are – (a) Planktons (b) Nektons (a) Aerobic (c) Benthos (d) Active swimmers (b) Anaerobic (c) Aerobic or anaerobic 45. Chief producers in ocean are - (d) Photosynthetic (a) Dinoflagellates (b) Diatoms (c) Euglenoids (d) Green algae 38. Nutritionally, protists are- (a) Photoautotrophs 46. Photosynthetic protists are - (b) Heterotrophs (a) Euglenoids, Diatoms and Dinoflagellates (c) Saprotrophs (b) Euglenoids and slime moulds (d) Photoautotrophs, heterotrophs or autotrophs (c) Diatoms and Zooflagellates (d) Desmids and Ciliates TG: @NEETxNOAH Biological Classification 15 TG: @NEETxNOAH (c) Euglenoids (d) Sporozoans 47. Chrysophytes include – (a) Diatoms and desmids (golden algae) 54. Dinoflagellates are mostly- (b) Euglenoids (a) marine (b) fresh water (c) Dinoflagellates (c) terrestrial (d) saprophytes (d) Slime moulds 55. Red tides in warm coastal water develop due 48. Which of the following modes of reproduction to super abundance of- can be found in at least some protists? (a) Dinoflagellates (a) Binary fission (b) Euglenoid forms (b) Sexual reproduction (c) Diatoms and desmids (c) Spore formation (d) Chlamydomonas nivalis (d) All of the above 56. Red tide is caused by- 49. Select the following statement that does not (a) Ceretium (b) Noctiluca apply to diatoms. (c) Gonyaulax (d) All of these (a) Diatom cell wall may be impregnated with silica Topic (b) Cell wall is made up of 2 half-shells fit Euglenoids tightly together 7 (c) Diatom is a chrysophyte (d) Diatom is multiflagellate 57. Euglenoids e.g. Euglena are found – (a) In fresh running water 50. Silica gel (Keieselghur)/Diatomite/Diatomaceous (b) In fresh stagnant water earth is obtained from – (c) In marine environment (a) Diatoms (b) Dinoflagellates (d) In both fresh and marine water (c) Euglenoids (d) Brown algae 58. Which of the following statements about Euglena Topic is true? 6 Dinoflagellates (a) Euglenoids are flagellates (b) Euglena placed in continuous darkness 51. Dinoflagellates have – loses their photosynthetic activity and die (a) a single flagellum in the transverse groove (c) The pigments of Euglena are quite different between the cell plates from those of green plants (b) a single flagellum in the longitudinal (d) Euglena is a marine protist groove between the cell plates 59. Which of the following statement is true about (c) two flagella, one lies longitudinally and the Euglena? other transversely in a furrow between the (a) They show flagellar locomotion wall plates (b) They have a rigid cell wall (d) no flagella (c) They have no chloroplast 52. In which of the following, the cell wall has (d) They are obligate autotroph stiff cellulose plate on the outer surface? 60. Consider the statements given below: (a) Dinoflagellates (b) Desmids i. Instead of a cell wall they have a protein rich (c) Diatoms (d) Euglenoids pellicle making their body flexible. 53. Which of the following releases toxins that may ii. They have 2 flagella, a short and a long even kill other marine animals like fishes – one. (a) Gonyaulax (b) Paramecium iii. They have mixotrophic nutrition TG: @NEETxNOAH  Join Telegram - CLICK HERE 16 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH iv. In light they are photosynthetic, but act as Topic heterotroph (predating other smaller organ- Protozoans ism) when they are in dark. 9 v. They are connecting link between plants and animals. 64. Which one is correct about Trypanosoma? The above statements are assigned to – (a) They are flagellated protozoan (a) Dinoflagellates (b) They are parasite (b) Slime mould (c) They cause sleeping sickness (c) Desmids and Diatoms (d) All of these (d) Euglena 65. Paramecium- (a) is a ciliated protozoan Topic (b) shows water current movement by cilia 8 Slime Moulds which helps the food to be steered into gul- let 61. Slime moulds – (c) has a cavity (gullet) that opens to the out- (a) are parasite side of the cell surface (b) do not produce fruiting bodies (d) all of the above (c) do not produce spores 66. Plasmodium (malarial parasite)- (d) saprophytic protists (a) is a ciliated protozoan 62. The slimy mass of protoplasm with nuclei forms (b) shows water current movement by cilia which helps the food to be steered into gul- the body of slime moulds called as – let (a) Plasmodium (c) causes malaria (b) Myxamoeba (d) all of the above (c) Sporocytes (d) Periplasmodium 67. Which of the following always produce an 63. Which of the following is correct about the infectious spore like stage in their life cycles? (a) Ciliated protozoans slime mould? (b) Flagellated protozoans I. Its thalloid body, plasmodium, has pseudo- (c) Sporozoans podia for locomotion and engulfing organic (d) None matter II. During unfavourable conditions plasmo- 68. Protozoans are not included in the kingdom dium differentiates and produces fruiting Animalia because – bodies, sporangium (a) mostly asymmetrical III. Spores possess no true cell wall. (b) unicellular eukaryotes IV. They are dispersed by air current. (c) they are heterotrophic in nature V. Being extremely resistant, spores survive (d) multicellular prokaryotes for many years VI. Plasmodium can grow upto several feet. 69. All protozoans are – (a) I, II, IV, V, VI (a) Saprophytes only (b) I, II , III (b) Parasites only (c) I, II , III, VI (c) Predators only (d) II, III , VI (d) Heterotrophs (parasites or predators) only 70. Which of the following are considered to be primitive relatives of animals -? TG: @NEETxNOAH Biological Classification 17 TG: @NEETxNOAH (a) Dinoflagellates (b) Slime moulds 78. Fungi can be parasites on – (c) Protozoans (d) Protochordata (a) Animals (b) Human being (c) Plants (d) All of the above 71. How many major groups protozoan have? (a) 3 (b) 4 79. Fungi prefer to grow in – (c) 2 (d) 8 (a) Cold and dry places (b) Hot and dry places 72. Which of the following are protozoans? (c) Sea water (a) Diatoms, flagellates, ciliates (d) Warm and humid places (b) Desmids, flagellates, ciliates (c) Amoeboid, flagellates, ciliates, sporozoans 80. Fungi occur- (d) Amoeba, Paramecium, dinoflagellates, (a) in air and soil Plasmodium (b) in water (c) on plants and animals 73. Which of the following statements is wrong (d) all of the above about the amoeboid protozoans? (a) They live in freshwater, sea water or moist 81. Fungi show a great diversity in – soil (a) Morphology (b) Amoeba has pseudopodia for locomotion (b) Habitat and capture prey (c) Both (a) and (b) (c) Entamoeba show holozoic nutrition (d) Nutrition (d) Marine forms are shelled with silica 82. Mode of nutrition in fungi is not – 74. Flagellated protozoans are – (a) Parasitic (b) Saprophytic (a) Free-living (c) Autotrophic (d) Heterotrophic (b) Parasites (c) Either free-living or parasites 83. All of the following are fungi except – (d) Pseudopodia (a) Yeast (b) Penicillium (c) Plasmodium (d) Puccinia Topic 84. Which of the following is odd? 10 Kingdom Fungi (a) Toad stool (b) Puccinia (c) Alternaria (d) Mushroom 75. Which one is unicellular fungus? (a) Puccinia (b) Toad stool 85. Cell walls of all fungi consist of the (c) Penicillium (d) Yeast polysaccharide – (a) Chitin (b) Cellulose 76. Coenocytic hypha is – (c) Silica (d) Pectin (a) Uninucleate hypha (b) Multicellular hypha 86. The body of multicellular fungus is called as – (c) Multinucleate hypha without septae (a) Monokaryon (b) Hyphae (d) Hypha in coelom (c) Rhizoids (d) Dikaryon 77. Many fungi are in ____ association with 87. The cells of the body of a multicellular fungus photosynthetic organisms to form mycorrhizae are organised into rapidly growing individual or lichens. filaments called – (a) Parasitic (b) Symbiotic (a) Mycelium (b) Rhizoids (c) Photosynthetic (d) Saprobic (c) Hyphae (d) Dikaryon TG: @NEETxNOAH 18 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH 88. Reproduction in fungi can take place by all of (c) Ascomycetes the following vegetative methods except- (d) Deuteromycetes (a) Gemmae (b) Fragmentation (c) Fission (d) Budding 96. Match the following Columns Column I Column II 89. Fungi show asexual reproduction by all of the A. Phycomycetes I. Sac fungi following spores except- B. Ascomycetes II. Algal fungi (a) Conidia (b) Oospore C. Basidiomycetes III. Fungi imperfecti (c) Sporangiospore (d) Zoospores D. Deuteromycetes IV. Club fungi The correct matching is - (a) A-II, B-I, C- IV, D-III 90. Sexual reproduction in fungi is by all of the (b) A- II, B - IV, C - I, D – III following except- (c) A- IV, B - I, C - II, D – III (a) Oospores (b) Ascopores (d) A- IV, B - III, C - II, D – I (c) Zoospores (d) Basidiospores 91. Select the correct statements below that correctly Topic apply to the Kingdom Fungi. 11 Phycomycetes (a) Some fungi form beneficial interrelation- ships with plants 97. Members of phycomycetes are found- (b) Certain fungi are natural sources of antibi- I. In aquatic habitat otics II. On decaying wood (c) The fungal life cycle typically includes a III. On moist and damp places spore stage IV. As obligate parasite on plants (d) All of the above (a) None of the above (b) I and IV 92. Which of the following is the correct sequence (c) II and III of 3 steps in the sexual cycle of fungi? (d) All of the above (a) Mitosis → Meiosis →Fertilization (b) Plasmogamy→ Karyogamy→ Meiosis 98. In phycomycetes, asexual reproduction occurs (c) Meiosis→ Plasmogamy Karyogamy by- (d) Karyogamy→Plasmogamy→ Meiosis (a) Zoospores (motile) (b) Aplanospores (non-motile) 93. Fungi are classified on the basis of – (c) Both (a) Morphology of mycelium (d) Aplanogamete (b) Development of fruiting bodies (c) Mode of spore formation 99. Which of the following spores are produced (d) All of the above endogenously? 94. Dikaryophase/Dikaryon formation is a specific (a) Zoospores and Conidia (b) Conidia and aplanospores characteristic of- (c) Aplanospores and zoospores (a) All fungi (d) Aplanospore, zoospores and conidia (b) Phycomycetes and ascomycetes (c) Only basidiomycetes 100. In Phycomycetes, sexual reproduction (d) Ascomycetes and basidiomycetes occurs by- 95. Coenocytic, multinucleate and branched mycelial (a) Isogamy and anisogamy habit is found in- (b) lsogamy, oogamy (a) Basidiomycetes (b) Phycomycetes TG: @NEETxNOAH Biological Classification 19 TG: @NEETxNOAH (c) Isogamy, anisogamy and oogamy (c) Morels + Truffles (d) Oogamy and anisogamy (d) Puffball + Mushroom 101. All the following belong to phycomycetes 106. Which one is used extensively in biochemical except – and genetical work? (a) Penicillium (a) Agaricus (b) Alternaria (b) Rhizopus (bread mould) (c) Neurospora (d) Mucor (c) Mucor (d) Albugo 107. Which of the following ascomycetes is thesource of antibiotic? 102. Which of the following is parasite on mustard? (a) Neurospora (b) Penicillium (a) Albugo (b) Puccinia (c) Claviceps (d) None (c) Yeast (d) Ustilago Topic Topic 13 Basidiomycetes 12 Ascomycetes 108. Basidiomycetes include - 103. Which of the following is not true about (a) Mushroom, Toadstool, Puffball and bracket fungi ascomycetes? (b) Smut fungi and rust fungi (a) They are saprophytic, (c) Both (a) and (b) decomposer,coprophilous (growing on (d) Bread mould, sac fungi and algal fungi dung) and parasitic (b) Includes unicellular (e.g., yeast) and multi- 109. Which of the following are common parasite cellular forms basidiomycetes? (c) Mycelium is coenocytic (a) Puccinia (rust) and Ustilago (smut) (d) Aspergillus, Claviceps, Neurospora are (b) Sac fungi important members of Ascomycetes (c) Puffballs 104. (d) Agaricus (mushroom) I. It includes unicellular as well as multicel- 110. Where does meiosis occur in mushroom? lular fungi (a) Basidiospore II. In multicellular forms hyphae are branched (b) Basidium and septate (c) Basidiocarp III. Conidiophore produces conidia (spores) (d) Ascus mother cell exogenously in chain 111. IV. Sexual spores are ascopores produced I. Mycelium is branched and septate endogenously in Ascus II. No asexual spores are generally formed V. Fruiting body is called ascocarp III. Vegetative reproduction by fragmentation is The above characters are shown by - common (a) Phycomycetes (b) Sac fungi IV. Sex organs are absent but sexual reproduc- (c) Club fungi (d) Fungi imperfecti tion takes place by nsomatogamy V. Karyogamy and meiosis occur in basidium to form haploid exogenous 4 basidiospores 105. Which of the following are edible considered VI. Basidia are arranged in basidiocarp. delicacies? (a) Morels + Mushroom (b) Truffles + Toadstool TG: @NEETxNOAH  Join Telegram - CLICK HERE 20 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH The above characters are assigned to – (b) Basidiomycetes (a) Sac fungi (c) Ascomycetes (b) Club fungi (d) Both (b) and (c) (c) Algal fungi (d) Fungi imperfect Topic 112. Plasmogamy in fungi is the fusion of- 15 Diagram Based Questions (a) Two haploid gamete cells and their nuclei at once 118. Identify the diagram. (b) Two haploid nuclei (c) Two haploid gamete cells (d) Two diploid vegetative cells with nuclei 113. Karyogamy is - (a) Fusion of two protoplasts (b) Fusion of two nuclei (a) (i) Mucor (ii) Aspergillus (iii) Agaricus (c) Fusion of two plasma membranes (b) (i) Aspergillus (ii) Mucor (iii) Agaricus (d) All of these (c) (i) Agaricus (ii)Aspergillus (iii) Mucor (d) (i) Agaricus (ii) Mucor (iii) Aspergillus Topic Deuteromycetes 119. Kingdom plantae includes- 14 i. All eukaryoti, chlorophyllous organisms ii. Some prokaryotic, chlorophyllous organ- 114. Which of the following is false about isms deuteromycetes? iii. Few eukaryotic, partial heterotrophic plant (a) They reproduce only by asexual spores iv. Few prokaryotic, partial heterotrophic plant (conidia) (a) i, iii (b) ii, iv (b) Mycelium is branched and septate (c) i, ii, iii (d) i, iii, iv (c) They have only parasitic forms (d) They have no sexual stage (perfect stage) 120. Plantae does not includes how many of 115. Which of the following is correct about class following? Deuteromycetes? Algae, Fungi, Bryophyte, Bladderwort, (a) Some members are saprophytes or parasites Pteridophyta, Gymnosperm, Angiosperm, (b) A large number of members are decompos- (a) Zero (b) One ers of litter and help in mineral cycling (c) Two (d) Three (c) Alternaria, Colletotrichum and Trichoder- ma are deuteromycetes 121. Life cycle of angiosperm plant have (d) All of the above (a) Diploid sprophyte and diploid gametophyte (b) Diploid gametophyte & haploid sporophyte 116. Sexual reproduction is found in all except – (c) Diploid sporophyte & haploid gametophyte (a) Deuteromycetes (d) Haploid sporophyte & haploid gametophyte (b) Ascomycetes (c) Phycomycetes 122. How many of following enlisted are correct (d) Basidiomycetes about plantae? I. Cells have eukaryotic structure 117. If sexual stage is discovered in a member of II. Prominent chloroplast deuteromycetes, it is moved to- III. Cellulosic cell wall (a) Phycomycetes IV. Life cycle has three distinct phase TG: @NEETxNOAH Biological Classification 21 TG: @NEETxNOAH V. Show alteration of generation (c) A = capsid, B = capsomere, C = enzyme (a) One (b) Two and mineral (c) Three (d) Four (d) A = capsomere, B = capsid, C = enzyme and mineral Topic 128. Head of bacteriophage is – 16 Kingdom Animalia (a) Helical (b) Polyhedral (c) Icosahedral (d) (a) and (b) 123. Kingdom Animalia are characterized by- (a) Heterotrophic eukaryotic unicellular & 129. multicellular organism that lack cell wall (b) Holozoic, digest food in an internal cavity and store food as complex carbohydrates or fat (c) Higher as well as lower forms show elabo- rate sensory mechanisms (d) All of the above (a) A = head, B = sheath, C = tail fibers, D = 124. How many of following term is correct collar about Animalia- Heterotroph, eukaryotic, (b) A = head, B = collar, C = sheath, D = tail prokaryotic, unicellular, multicellular, store fibers food as glycogen, presence of elaborated (c) A = collar, B = head, C = tail fibers, D = sheath neuromotor mechanism without any exception, (d) A = tail fibers, B = sheath, C = head, embryological development? D = collar (a) 6 (b) More than 6 (c) 5 (d) Less than 3 130. Viroid was discovered by – (a) T.O. Diener (1971) Topic (b) W.M. Stanley (1935) 17 Viruses, viroids, prions, & (c) T.O diener (1935) lichens (d) W.M. Stanley (1971) 125. Genetic material of bacteriophage is – 131. Choose the correct on basis of size : (a) ds DNA (b) ss RNA (a) Bacteria < virus < viroid (c) ds RNA (d) ss DNA (b) Viroid < virus < bacteria (c) Viroid > bacteria < virus 126. Bacteriophage is – (d) Bacteria > viroid > virus (a) bacteria that infect virus (b) virus that infect bacteria 132. Choose the correct statements given below. (c) bacteria that infect cellular organism i. Viroid = Virus - Capsid (d) virus that infect other than bacteria ii. Potato spindle disease cause by Prions 127. The protein coat called ___(A)___ made of iii. Viroid have free DNA small subunit called ____(B)____ that protect iv. Viroid have free RNA ____(C)____ of virus v. DNA of viroid is of low molecular weight (a) A = capsomere, B = capsid, C= genetic iv. RNA of viroid is of light molecular weight material (a) i,iv only (b) i, vi, iii (b) A = capsid, B = capsomere, C = genetic (c) i, iv, vi (d) i, iii, v material TG: @NEETxNOAH 22 Botany TG: @NEETxNOAH 133. Prions cause- 141. In R.H. Whittaker system, viroids, prions & (a) BSE in cattle and CJD in human lichens are grouped into- (b) BSE in human and CJD in cattle (a) Monera (b) Protista (c) BSE and CJD cause in cattle (c) Protista and Fungi (d) None of these (d) BSE and CJD cause in human 142. Viruses did not place in classification due 134. Prions are- to- (a) Smaller than virus (a) Lack in study of viruses (b) Larger than virus (b) They are not considered truly ‘living’ (c) Smaller than viroid (c) Lack of genetic material (d) Similar in size to viruses (d) All of these 135. Choose the incorrect about BSE. 143. Viruses are not- (a) It is expanded as Bovine spongiform en- (a) Non-cellular organisms cephalophathy (b) Inert crystalline structure outside the living (b) Caused by prions cell (c) Its analogous variant is CJD (c) Active crystalline structure outside the liv- (d) Its homologous variant is CJD ing cell (d) Once they infect a cell they take over the 136. Lichens are – machinery of host cell to replicate them- (a) Saprotroph only selves, killing the host (b) Symbiotic (c) Parasitic only 144. The name viruses- (d) (a) and (c) (a) which means venom was given by Dmitri Ivanowsky 137. Lichens are mutual association of- (b) which means venom was given by M.W. (a) Mycobiont (fungal) and phycobiont (algae) Beijerinek (b) Roots of Gymnosperm & fungi (c) which means venom was given by Stanley (c) Algae & gymnosperm root (d) which means venom was given by Pasteur (d) All of these 145. 138. Mycobiont and phycobiout are ___and___ respectively (a) Autotrophic & heterotrophic (b) Autotrophic & autotrophic (c) Heterotrophic & autotrophic (d) Heterotrophic & heterotrophic Identify A, B & organism (C) 139. The function of fungal part of a lichen is/are (a) a=DNA, b=capsid, c=TMV (a) Absorption of water (b) a=RNA, b=capsid, c=TMV (b) Absorption of mineral (c) a=capsid, b=DNA, c=bacteriophage (c) Provide shelter (d) a=capsid, b=RNA, c=bacteriophage (d) All of these 146. Choose the correct statement – 140. Lichens cannot grow in – (a) Genetic material of mosaic disease of (a) Polluted area tobacco causing organism is DNA (b) Area where there is no pollution (c) heavily polluted (d) All of these TG: @NEETxNOAH Biological Classification 23 TG: @NEETxNOAH (b) Viruses were found to be larger than bac- 151. Genetic material of viruses are/is – teria but they cannot pass through bacteria (a) DNA proof filters (b) RNA (c) M.W Beijerinek (1898) demonstrated that (c) DNA and RNA both in an individual virus the extract of infected plants of tobacco could (d) DNA or RNA in an individual virus cure infection in healthy plants 152. The infection material of viruses is/are (d) Viruses were found to be smaller than (a) Protein coat bacteria and they can pass through bacteria (b) Genetic material proof filters. (c) Nucleoprotein (d) All of these 147. Contagium vivum fluidum was demonstrated by – 153. In general, viruses that infect plants have- (a) Dmitri lavanowsky (1898) (a) ds RNA (b) ss RNA (b) M.W. Beijerinek (1892) (c) ds DNA (d) ss DNA (c) W.M. Stanley (1935) (d) None of these 154. Animal infection viruses are not generally (a) ss RNA (b) ds RNA 148. Who showed that viruses could be crystallized