Narcotic Drugs Chapter I PDF

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N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs  gs Color tests ru D Material Indicators Green plant material: unlikely to test for cocaine or heroin initially. tic Brownish tarry material: suggests hashish or heroin. Tan powders: often contain heroin, methamphetamine, and related substances. co Blotter papers, gel windows, tiny tablets: common for LSD. Tan or whitish powders/pills: suitable for extensive color tests. ar Note that: Some color tests involve precipitation, but not all. N  Spot Plate/Test Tube gs Spot tests are performed using a glass or ceramic spot plate or a disposable test tube. Results are easier to see on a white background; some tests work ru better on a black spot plate. Procedure: D Place a small amount of the questioned powder in a well of the plate. Add the reagent. tic Use test tubes for tests requiring successive reagents or liquid– liquid extraction. Presumptive Nature: These tests react with multiple substances, but co experienced chemists can differences discern subtle. Control Samples: ar Include a blank or negative control (reagent only). Analyze known samples in parallel with the questioned material. N  WHAT IS COLOR? gs Color Change indicates a chemical reaction. Color change points to an alteration in chemical bonding ru during a reaction. Colorants: Substances that absorb or emit electromagnetic D energy in the visible range; includes dyes and pigments. Mechanisms of Color Change: tic Dye Formation: Changes in molecular structure allow visible light to interact with molecular orbitals. co Transition-Metal Complexes: Alteration of d orbitals allows for visible light interactions. ar The reaction between a drug and a reagent creates an energy difference between orbitals (atomic or molecular) , N enabling visible light to promote an electron. N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs N ar co tic D ru gs  gs NaOH----.... ? M icrocrysta I Tests r;--;L-]-.....- Class cylinder / M1cr-oscope ru /; SampJe shde D The precipitating reagent is placed on a coverslip and / HAuCl4 + H3 :PO4 inverted over a small portion of the sample to which a Coverslop strong base is added. tic i lm,ert Amphetamine and methamphetamine in the freebase form have sufficient vapor pressure to evaporate and co condense in the reagent. ar Nonvolatile are effectively removed from the sample. N