Music Technology 1.pdf

Music Technology I Unit 1 Lesson 3 A history of computer science, computers, electronic and digital technology, and music. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georg...

Music Technology I Unit 1 Lesson 3 A history of computer science, computers, electronic and digital technology, and music. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Alan Turing & the Enigma Code Alan Turing was born in 1912 in England. He became interested in science at an early age and would eventually study physics and mathematics in college. During WWII, Germany developed a complex communication system called the “Enigma Code.” The Enigma Code was considered indecipherable, or unbreakable. Turing developed a machine in 1941 that used algorithms to break the German’s Enigma Code. His machine would become the foundation of computer science. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Computer Science Computer science as a new field of research and development would grow during the 1950s, 60s and 70s. The computers developed during this period were very large and very expensive. The computers developed during this time were used almost exclusively in universities, government agencies, and large corporations who could afford the developing technology. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  August 12, 1981 It wasn’t until this date that the first personal computer (PC) was released by IBM. The IBM model 5051 PC sold for around $1600 and was used primarily in business settings. *Click on image for online simulator Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  August, 1982 The Commodore 64 home computer was released on this date and became the first PC designed for and marketed for home use. The computer was sold in retail stores rather than electronics stores, could be connected directly to a television set and had a large collection of software and games that could be purchased for the computer. The original Commodore 64 sold for around $600 and is still the best-selling PC of all time. *Click on image for online simulator Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  January 24,1984 The Apple Macintosh computer was released on this date with much hype and anticipation. The Macintosh was the first personal computer that featured a built-in screen, mouse, and a graphic interface. Instead of having to type in computer code and language, you simply used the mouse to “click” on commands. Windows and folders were used to organize files and programs. The revolutionary design would permanently change how consumers interfaced with computers. *Click on image for online simulator Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Other innovations 1985 1999 2007 Nintendo Entertainment System Apple offers Wi-Fi laptop computers First iPhone 1989 2000 2012 Google Glass First camera phone World Wide Web 2015 1995 2005 First youtube video posted Apple Watch Playstation Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Music Technology Sound recording and production for most of the 20th century was created through analog signals and systems. Analog signals or sounds are captured and played back through electronic devices such as microphones, records, and tape. With the evolution of computers and specifically personal computers in the 1970s, the digital revolution began to impact music creation and production in the early 1980s. The root word of digital is digit. A digit is a number. The language of computer programming is based on binary code, or a two-number system of 1s and 0s. So, anything that is described as “digital” is referring to computers. It is important to remember that “electronic” instruments and systems and “digital” instruments and systems are not the same. Analog sounds are captured and processed through electronic systems. Digital sounds are captured and processed through computer systems. Analog recordings can be converted to digital systems. Digital recordings cannot be converted to analog. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Digital music technology emerges with the rise of home computing. 1980 - Roland 808 1980 – Yamaha GS-1 1982 – Sony and Phillips Drum Machine Digital Synthesizer introduce the compact disc (CD) Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  With so many companies developing new digital instruments and systems, there was a need to create a common digital language. 1983 – Introduction of Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) Digital music technology companies could now use a common computing language for all their devices and all these devices could now interface with personal computers. (This was and is a really big deal…) Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  More innovations and inventions… 1985 – First album released for CD 1991 – The digital audio workstation (DAW) only. Brothers in Arms by Dire Straights Pro Tools is released. Pro Tools would become the industry standard for audio production by the late 1990’s. 1986– CDs overtake cassettes as the most popular format for buying music. 1993 -.mp3 audio file format is introduced. 1988– Akai with Roger Linn release the 1999 – Livin’ La Vida Loca Music Production Center (MPC). The MPC becomes first 1# hit recorded allowed musicians and producers to create and produced in Pro Tools elaborate tracks without needing a studio. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  1999 Napster was a peer to peer file sharing service that allowed users to share music from their computers using the.mp3 audio file. The record companies would sue for copyright infringement and Napster would eventually be forced to shut down. Nevertheless a musical Pandora’s Box had been opened. Consumers wanted to access music digitally using the.mp3 audio file format. The music industry was forced to go all in with digital music, but how…? Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  2001 Apple releases the iPod. Consumers can now download digital copies of songs onto a compact device that easily fits in a pocket. The original 80GB model could hold up to 20,000 songs or approximately 1800 albums. 2003 – Apple introduces the iTunes store. Consumers can now purchase music from their computers. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  2004 – Apple introduces GarageBand. The consumer level DAW brings studio recording and production to home computing. Consumers can now record, sequence, and sample music to create studio level productions in their homes. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  2005 – YouTube is founded. Consumers can now create, upload, share, and view videos freely. Music videos are particularly import because YouTube provided access to many songs and artist that iTunes did not offer. 2005 – Pandora introduces internet radio. Now consumers have the option to either purchase individual songs through iTunes, or purchase access to music with Pandora. Pandora also offers a free version that incorporates commercials into the experience. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  2007 – Apple releases the iPhone combining the audio and video capabilities of the iPod with the photo and video capabilities of the camera phone. By utilizing WiFi, the new App Store, and internet access consumers can now create and share music and video using a single device that fits into a pocket. And they can still make phone calls and check their email and text messages. 2007 – Soundcloud is released. The social media platform allows users to publish their own music and share with millions of users around the world. Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Other Innovations Music based video games MIDI Instruments/Controllers Smartphone Apps Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  The evolution of music technology and personal music creation continues to evolve and develop. Access to digital tools and resources for creating music has never been greater. The internet and social media allows anyone to share, promote, and listen to an almost endless selection of music. The only limitation is our own imagination! Let’s learn how to make music!! Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future  Additional Resources: A Brief History of the Music Industry (video) Chronology: Technology and the Music Industry The Evolution of the Music Industry Reelin' In The Years - Video Library ABC News Music Video Library http://www.teachrock.org/ 24 Inventions That Changed Music The Rise of DIY Recording Artists Richard Woods, Georgia’s School Superintendent | Georgia Department of Education | Educating Georgia’s Future