Musculoskeletal- the vertebral column and skull_ part 1.pdf

22/11/23 Musculoskeletal- the vertebral column and skull: part 1 Learning objective: describe the major features of the bones of the skull, mandible and the temporomandibular joint. Learning objective: describe the major groups that the major muscles of the head and neck fall into – muscles of facia...

22/11/23 Musculoskeletal- the vertebral column and skull: part 1 Learning objective: describe the major features of the bones of the skull, mandible and the temporomandibular joint. Learning objective: describe the major groups that the major muscles of the head and neck fall into – muscles of facial expression, muscles of mastication. The skull: FSLEZ MM Anterior The Maxilla is the upper jaw and holds the upper teeth. Zygomatic is the cheek bone. Eye socket is known as the orbit. POT Lateral The coronal suture is bet ween the frontal bone and the Parietal bone. The Sagittal suture is bet ween the left and right side of the Parietal bone. The lambdoid suture is bet ween the Parietal and occipital bone. The Bregma is where the Sagittal and coronal suture meet. The lambda is where the Sagittal and lambdoid suture meet. sagittal view underside top 9.10.11 foramen means The skull is divided into fossa and there are three of these. hole Muscles in head and neck: Muscles of facial expression: Unique within the human body – they are subcutaneous and insert directly into the skin. Responsible for moving the skin to provide facial expression, but also act as sphincters around the eyes and mouth. Supplied by the facial ner ve ( cranial ner ve 7 ). Muscle of mastication: process of chewing crushing food Normal skeletal muscle. Responsible for moving the mandibular at the temporomandibular joint. Supplied by cranial nerve 5- trigeminal. grinding and Muscles of facial expression: Derived 2nd from pharyngeal arch occipitofrontal facial nerve of internal acoustic meatus out Stylomasto foramen The facial ner ve comes out of the stylomastoid foramen and splits into different branches across the face. Muscles of mastication: Derived from 1st pharyngeal arch The mandibular nerve ( V3 ): This is a branch of the trigeminal ner ve. It is both sensory to the face and motor to the muscles of mastication. Pharyngeal arches: Each arch has its own: cartilage skeleton, muscular component, sensory nerve supply and motor nerve supply. When a muscle migrates it brings its nerve supply with it. Muscles of mastication are derived from the rst pharyngeal arch, and are therefore inner vated by the trigeminal nerve. Muscles of facial expression derived from the second pharyngeal arch, and are therefore innervated by the facial nerve. Temporomandibular joint: styloid process Protrusion retraction hinge rotation Movement of the mandible: