Muscle, Bone, and Joint Injuries PDF

MUSCLE, BONE AND JOINT INJURIES Have you ever suffered a fracture or dislocation? What was the mechanism of injury? (How did the injury happen?) How was it cared for? Students will be able to: Identify various musculoskeletal injuries. Identify signals of head, neck and back injuries. ...

MUSCLE, BONE AND JOINT INJURIES Have you ever suffered a fracture or dislocation? What was the mechanism of injury? (How did the injury happen?) How was it cared for? Students will be able to: Identify various musculoskeletal injuries. Identify signals of head, neck and back injuries. Demonstrate how to care for head, neck and back injuries. Demonstrate how to care for musculoskeletal injuries. Categories ture Disloc Frac ation prain Strain S Sprain – stretch or tear of a ligament What does a ligament connect? Terminology Strain – stretch or tear of a muscle or tendon Terminology RICE Rest Ice Compression Elevation Treatment for Strains & Sprains Why Rice? REST Compression - Avoids further -Helps control damage swelling - Length of rest varies -Provides Support ICE Elevation -Slows down swelling -limits swelling - Decreases local blood flow - Encourages - Decreases pain venous return Check for ◦Pulse ◦Feeling ◦Warmth of skin ◦Color of skin ◦Capillary refill Signs of Circulation Fracture break or disruption of bone Terminology Dislocation Disruption of joint where it becomes “Out of place” Terminology  Splint – a method of immobilizing an injury Treatment for Fractures & Dislocations  Splinting Methods Soft Splinting ◦Use soft materials  Blanket, towel, pillow, jacket, etc  Splinting Methods Rigid Splinting ◦Use hard materials ◦Boards, magazines, newspaper, cardboard, tree limbs, etc Splinting Methods Anatomical Splinting Use victim’s body or body part ◦Arm to chest ◦Leg to leg Splinting Methods Sling & Swath ◦Use triangular bandages ◦Use on upper extremity ◦Sling on injured arm ◦Swath across chest Cravat – triangular bandage used to make a sling Care for Muscle, Bone & Joint Injuries Check for signs of circulation (feeling warmth and color) after splint is applied Splint should be snug but not cut off ◦Splint body part in circulation position you find it ◦Immobilize body parts above and below injury site  Sign Any observable evidence of an injury  Deformity  Bruising or swelling  Inability to use the affected part normally  Bilateral Comparison  Mechanism of injury Determining the Severity Determining the Severity Symptom What the victim tells you about his or her condition  Feels bone grating  Heard or felt a “pop” or “snap” at time of injury  Pain Scale (1-10)  Numbness or tingling in extremity What causes Head, Neck & Back Injuries?  Landing head first (diving into  Motor vehicle accidents shallow pool)  Bike or motorcycle accidents (with or without  Lifting objects helmets)  Fall from a height  Falls, slips  Direct blow  Acts of violence  Twisting mechanism  Sports Injuries S & S of Head, Neck & Back Injuries Change Blood from nose or in consciousness ears or bleeding from Numbness or tingling head, neck or back Unusual bumps or into hands or feet Loss of movement in depressions on head, arms or legs neck or back Breathing difficulty Mechanism of injury Vision problems leads you to believe Headache there is head, neck or Loss of balance back injury Neck or back pain  Minimize movement of victim (keep victim from moving by using your hands Place hands on both sides of head Hold persons head in line with spine Support in position you found it Methods in care for HNB injuries Minor-RICE:Rest, Ice Compression & Elevation Severe- H-N-B Injury Splintif: ◦You are not using EMS to move victim ◦You can do it without causing more pain Minor vs. Severe Care