NCM-112-A Unit Exam 1st Semester 2024-2025 PDF

## NCM-112-A UNIT EXAMINATION **1st Semester S. Y. 2024-2025** **Instructions:** Read each statement and carefully analyze what is being asked for. Write your answer/s on the space provided using **BOLD CAPITAL LETTERS**. SUPERIMPOSITION is NOT ALLOWED. ### Questions: 1. **D** The initial cours...

## NCM-112-A UNIT EXAMINATION **1st Semester S. Y. 2024-2025** **Instructions:** Read each statement and carefully analyze what is being asked for. Write your answer/s on the space provided using **BOLD CAPITAL LETTERS**. SUPERIMPOSITION is NOT ALLOWED. ### Questions: 1. **D** The initial course of treatment for a patient with cholecystitis may include: * A. Analgesics and antibiotics * B. Intravenous fluids. * C. Nasogastric suctioning. * D. All of the above. 2. **B** A patient with cholecystitis is limited to low-fat liquids only. As foods are added to the diet, the patient must know that the following should be avoided: * A. Cooked fruits. * B. Eggs and cheese. * C. Lean meats. * D. Rice and tapioca. 3. **D** Postoperative nursing observation includes assessing for: * A. Indicators of infection. * B. Leakage of bile into the peritoneal cavity. * C. Obstruction of bile drainage. * D. All of the above. 4. **A** Marie, a 51-year-old woman, is diagnosed with cholecystitis. Which diet, when selected by the client, indicates that the nurse's teaching has been successful? * A. 4-6 small meals of low-carbohydrate foods daily. * B. High-fat, high-carbohydrate meals. * C. Low-fat, high-carbohydrate meals. * D. High-fat, low protein meals. 5. **D** Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect a client diagnosed with acute cholecystitis to exhibit? * A. Jaundice, dark urine, and steatorrhea * B. Acute right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain, diarrhea, and dehydration * C. Ecchymosis petechiae, and coffee-ground emesis * D. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia 6. **D** A nurse is providing education to a group of young women about Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). Which statement by one of the attendees indicates a need for further teaching? * A. "PID can lead to infertility if left untreated.” * B. "Having multiple sexual partners is a risk factor for PID." * C. "Using protection during sex can prevent PID." * D. "PID is mainly caused by urinary tract infections." 7. **A** A client with PID asks the nurse about the main cause of condition. How should the nurse respond? * A. "The main cause of PID is bacterial spread from vagina and cervix to the upper genital tract." * B. "PID is mainly caused by hormonal imbalances in the reproductive organs." * C. "PID is mainly caused by lack of cervical mucus production." * D. "PID is primarily caused by the presence of fibroids in the uterus." 8. **A** A client who has been diagnosed with PID asks the nurse about treatment options. Which response by the nurse is correct? * A. "Treatment for PID typically involves a course of antibiotics." * B. "Surgery is the primary treatment for PID." * C. "There is no effective treatment for PID." * D. "PID is treated with hormonal therapy." 9. **A** A nurse is conducting a nursing assessment for a patient with PID. Which assessment findings should the nurse prioritize during the initial assessment? * A. The patient's hair color. * B. The patient's favorite hobbies. * C. The patient's sexual history and recent partners. * D. The patient's dietary preferences. 10. **A** A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID). The patient reports lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, and painful intercourse. Which statement by the patient is consistent with the clinical presentation of PID? * A. " I've been experiencing irregular menstrual bleeding." * B. "I have a history of hypertension." * C. "I have often have headaches and fatigue." * D. "I've been having trouble sleeping lately." 11. **D** During the nursing assessment of a patient with suspected PID, the nurse observes the patient experiencing fever and chills. Which statement by the patient supports the clinical presentation of PID? * A. "I've been having pain in my joints lately." * B. "I've had a persistent cough for the past week." * C. "I've been feeling very thirsty all the time." * D. "I've been sweating a lot during the night." 12. **D** Jerry has diagnosed with appendicitis. He develops a fever, hypotension and tachycardia. The nurse suspects which of the following complications? * A. Intestinal obstruction * B. Peritonitis * C. Bowel ischemia * D. Deficient fluid volume 13. **B** Which of the following compilations should the nurse carefully monitors a client with acute pancreatitis. * A. Myocardial Infarction - * B. Cirrhosis * C. Peptic ulcer - * D. Pneumonia 14. **B** Which of the following symptoms during the icteric phase of viral hepatitis should the nurse expect the client to inhibit? * A. Watery stool * B. Yellow sclera * C. Tarry stool * D. Shortness of breath 15. **D** Nurse Rachel teaches a client who has been recently diagnosed with hepatitis A about untoward signs and symptoms related to Hepatitis that may develop. The one that should be reported immediately to the physician is: * A. Restlessness * B. Yellow urine * C. Nausea * D. Clay- colored stools 16. **D** The nurse was assigned a patient with acute appendicitis complaining pain of 9 in a scale of 1-10 in the RLQ. Which of the following assessment findings need to be reported immediately? * A. pain while moving * B. absent bowel sounds * C. loss of appetite * D. leukocytosis 17. **D** Following an acute episode of pancreatitis the nurse needs to report immediately if she observed? * A. Jaundice with pruritus * B. Severe abdominal pain * C. Rapid respirations * D. Muscle twitching 18. **D** A patient with Chron's was assigned to the nurse. Upon assessment, the nurse would note that the stool consistency from the patient is: * A. Liquid Stools * B. Bloody stools * C. Black Tarry stools * D. Semi-liquid stools 19. **D** The characteristic pattern of progression of Ulcerative Colitis is: * A. Involves entire thickness of the bowel wall. * B. Starting from the distal colon, spreading upward. * C. Develops anywhere in the Gl tract * D. Characterized by periods of remissions and exacerbations. 20. **D** The nurse is preparing a client with systematic lupus erythematous for discharge. Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? * A. Exposure to sunlight will help control skin rashes. * B. There are no activity limitations between flare-ups * C. Monitor body temperature * D. Corticosteroids may be stopped when symptoms are relieved. 21. **B** In some clients with multiple sclerosis (MS), plasmapheresis diminishes symptoms. Plasmapheresis achieves this effect by removing: * A. Catecholamines * B. Antibodies * C. Plasma proteins * D. Lymphocytes 22. **C** Which of the following infections is most likely to trigger glomerulonephritis? * A. HIV * B. Hepatitis B * C. Strep throat * D. Malaria 23. **A** What type of glomerulonephritis is triggered by an infection? * A. Primary * B. Secondary * C. A and B * D. None of the above 24. **D** To prevent the spread of infection in a patient admitted with hepatitis B, which measure is appropriate? * A. Enteric precautions * B. Respiratory precautions * C. Contact precautions * D. Blood and body fluid precautions 25. **A** A patient, age 50, seeks medical attention for low-grade afternoon fevers, night sweats, loss of appetite, and a productive cough. The physician suspects pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), especially after the patient remarks that his wife recently was diagnosed with TB. A positive acid-fast bacillus sputum culture confirms that the patient has a TB. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority? * A. Risk for injury related to infection * B. Anxiety related to the diagnosis * C. Deficient knowledge related to the spread of infection * D. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to not eating 26. **B** A 19-year-old patient is HIV positive. When would a diagnosis of AIDS be confirmed? * A. When seroconversion takes place * B. When he's diagnosed with malignant (non-Hodgkin's) lymphoma. * C. When the western blot test is confirmed * D. When the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is positive 27. **D** During routine care of the patient with AIDS, following the precautions needed, the nurse would * A. Put on mask, gloves, and a gown * B. uses reverse isolation * C. Place the patient in a private room * D. Wear gloves when giving mouth care 28. **D** While changing a surgical dressing, the nurse notes green, foul-smelling drainage at the incision site. Another post-operative client is sharing room with the client. The most appropriate nursing action is to: * A. Place the client with drainage in a private room * B-. Institute drainage and secretion precaution * C Move the other client in other room * D. Place the client in a strict isolation until the organism is cultured and identified 29. **D** A patient with active tuberculosis has an order for a chest x-ray. What is the best way of carrying out the order? * A. Informing the x-ray department that a TB patient will be scheduled for an x-ray * B. Call the physician to order a portable x-ray * C. Wear a high filtered mask while transporting the patient going to the x-ray room * D. Instructing the client to wear facial mask before leaving the room 30. **C** Infection control: Which among the following does not apply? * A. Wearing gloves when caring a client with chicken pox * B. Wearing gown and gloves for a client with MRSA * C. Wearing a gown with measles patient * D. Placing a TB client in negative pressure room * E. Wearing a surgical mask when caring a client with bacterial meningitis 31. **A** Type of precaution to be implemented in patients with MRSA? * A. Contact * B. Airborne * C. Droplet * D. Standard 32. **A** A nurse caring a child with suspected measles would expect to find which of the following signs and symptoms? * A. Maculopapular rashes * B. White purulent vesicles * C. Red fine papular rash * D. Indurations and erythematous rashes. 33. **D** Appropriate treatment and prevention of lice (pediculosis) would include * A. Warm soaks to head twice a week * B. Wash linen and clothing using a high concentration of bleach * C. Shampooing hair with lindane shampoo every other day * D. Using fine-toothed comb dipped in vinegar to remove nits 34. **D** An elderly client is admitted with tuberculosis. Which of the following infection control protocol is correct? * A. The door of the room should be open always * B. Wear a gown while communicating with the patient * C. Place the client in a private room with negative airflow * D. Use gloves in rendering direct care 35. **A** A patient is admitted with Hepatitis A infection. Which nursing intervention is indicative of correct infection precautions * A. RN segregates the patient's eating utensils from other * B. RN wears a mask when the client sneezes * C. Patient is admitted to an area remarked for reverse isolation * D. LPN uses gloves and gowns when in contact with the patient 36. **D** An HIV positive patient is admitted with scabies. Which of the following nursing interventions is correct? * A. Place the patient in a private room and follow standard precautions * B. Wear disposable gloves while taking BP * C. Prepare the patient for taking specimen for culture and sensitivity * D. Institute a reverse isolation technique 37. **A** A 13-year- old teenage girl has come with complains of infectious mononucleosis infection. Which of the following teaching is a priority? * A. Tell the client to avoid kissing for 1 month period * B. Advice the client to take bed rest for the entire course of treatment * C. Tell the client to avoid contact sports * D. Institute respiratory precautions until 24 hours after the initiation of the treatment 38. **D** Appropriate isolation technique for a patient with chickenpox would include * A. droplet * B. airborne * C. respiratory * D. standard precaution 39. **D** The nurse is reviewing the health care record of a newly endorsed patient with a herpes zoster (shingles). Which of the following action would be appropriate to implement for the patient? * A. Maintain a good hand washing and wear surgical mask * B. Apply hot compress to the blisters * C. Obtain culture from the lesions * D. Wear gown and gloves in caring the patient 40. **D** What type of precaution is appropriate to prevent the transmission of influenza? * A. Droplet * B. Contact * C. Standard * D. Airborne 41. **B** Which among the following is a correct intervention for pediculosis capitis? * A. Use a pediculicide shampoo; repeat the treatment in 3 days * B. Use a permethrin (Nix) rinse. Apply to washed and towel-dried hair, leave in place for 2 minutes, and then rinse. * C. Instruct the parents that nonessential bedding and clothing can be stored in a tightly sealed bag for 10 days to 2 weeks and then washed. * D. Instruct the parents to seal toys that cannot be washed or dry cleaned in a plastic bag for 1 week. 42. **D** Which of the following is a preventative method for transplant rejection? * A. Ensuring that the donor and recipient are a close match * B. Using the recipient's own cells to grow transplant tissues or organs * C. Immunosuppressant drugs * D. All of these answers are correct 43. **C** A 21-year-old is dying after an automobile accident. The family members want to donate the patient's organs and ask the nurse how the decision about brain death is made. The nurse explains that the patient will be considered brain dead when * A. the patient is flaccid and unresponsive. * B. CPR is ineffective in restoring heartbeat. * C. the patient is apneic and without brainstem reflexes. * D. respiratory efforts cease and no apical pulse is audible. 44. **D** When the nurse is admitting a patient who has acute rejection of an organ transplant, which of these already admitted patients will be the most appropriate roommate? * A. A patient who has viral pneumonia * B. A patient with second degree burns * C. A patient who is recovering from an anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting * D. A patient with graft-versus-host disease after a recent bone marrow transplant 45. **A** patient is admitted to the hospital with acute rejection of a kidney transplant. The nurse will anticipate * a. administration of immunosuppressant medications. * b. insertion of an arteriovenous graft for hemodialysis. * c. placement of the patient on the transplant waiting list. * d. drawing blood for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and ABO compatibility matching. 46. **B** Nurse Donald Duck is reviewing the chart of a client who is newly diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Which of the following laboratory values is expected to be seen? * A. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase and alanine. aminotransferase levels * B. Thrombocytopenia and increased lymphocytes * C. Elevated sedimentation rate * D. Uncontrolled proliferation of granulocytes 47. **A** Which of the following clients is most at risk for developing multiple myeloma? * A. A 60-year-old African-American man * B. A 52-year-old Hispanic woman * C. A 35-year-old White man * D. A 25-year-old Asian woman 48. **A** A client has been diagnosed with lung cancer and requires a wedge resection. How much of the lung is removed? * A. A segment of the lung, including a bronchiole and its alveoli * B. One entire lung * C. A lobe of the lung * D. A small, localized area near the surface of the lung 49. **A** Which of the following complications are three main consequences of leukemia? * A. Anemia, infection, and bleeding tendencies * B. Bone deformities, spherocytosis, and infection * C. Polycythemia, decreased clotting time, and infection * D. Lymphocytopoiesis, growth delays, and hirsutism 50. **A** Which of the following is the reason to perform a spinal tap on a client newly diagnosed with leukemia? * A. To assess for central nervous system infiltration * B. To aid in classification of the leukemia * C. To rule out meningitis * D. To decrease intracranial pressure