Module+1.pdf

Module No. 1 CE405 Wed/Sat – 1800-2100/1230-1430 Ireneo Garcia Mateo  INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES (ILO) 1.Analyze the characteristics and applications of various building materials and their development: At the end of this topic, students will be able to identify, describe, and compare t...

Module No. 1 CE405 Wed/Sat – 1800-2100/1230-1430 Ireneo Garcia Mateo  INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES (ILO) 1.Analyze the characteristics and applications of various building materials and their development: At the end of this topic, students will be able to identify, describe, and compare the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of different building materials, and explain their uses in various construction projects. 2.Explain the importance and role of ASTM standards in the construction industry: By the end of this topic, students will be able to describe the significance of ASTM standards in ensuring the quality and safety of building materials, and explain how these standards are developed, implemented, and enforced in the construction industry. 3. Apply ASTM standards to select and specify appropriate building materials for a construction project: Upon completing this topic, students will be able to apply their knowledge of ASTM standards to select and specify suitable building materials for a given construction project, taking into account factors such as cost, sustainability, and environmental impact. 2 8/26/2024  INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING MATERIALS Building materials are the materials used in the construction of buildings, houses, and other structures. These materials provide the necessary strength, durability, and aesthetic appeal to a building, and can be categorized into several types based on their properties, uses, and applications. 3 8/26/2024  NATURAL MATERIALS Wood (lumber, timber, plywood) Stone (marble, granite, limestone) Bricks Clay Earth (rammed earth, adobe) 4 8/26/2024 Add a footer  SYNTHETHIC MATERIALS Plastics (PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene) Fiberglass Composite materials (e.g., fiber- cement, wood-plastic composites) 5 8/26/2024 Add a footer  METALS Steel (reinforcing bars, structural steel, stainless steel) Aluminum Copper Zinc 6 8/26/2024 Add a footer  INSULATION MATERIALS Fiberglass batts Cellulose insulation Spray foam insulation Reflective insulation 7 8/26/2024 Add a footer  ROOFING MATERIALS Asphalt shingles Clay tiles Metal roofing (galvanized, aluminum, copper) Slate tiles 8 8/26/2024 Add a footer  EXTERIOR FINISHES Vinyl siding Stucco Brick veneer Exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS) 9 8/26/2024 Add a footer  INTERIOR FINISHES Drywall Paint Wallpaper Flooring materials (hardwood, carpet, tile, laminate) 10 8/26/2024 Add a footer  GLAZING MATERIALS Glass (windows, doors, skylights) Acrylic Polycarbonate 11 8/26/2024 Add a footer  SPECIALIZED MATERIALS Fire-resistant materials (e.g., fireproofing, intumescent coatings) Soundproofing materials (e.g., acoustic insulation, sound- absorbing panels) Waterproofing materials (e.g., waterproof membranes, coatings) 12 8/26/2024 Add a footer  CEMENT AND CONCRETE Portland cement Ready-mix concrete Precast concrete 13 8/26/2024 Add a footer  The most common classifications are based on their chemical components and functions 14 8/26/2024 Add a footer  According to the functions of materials, they can be divided into structural materials and functional materials: Structural Materials: mainly used as load-bearing members, such as the materials used for beams, plates and columns. Functional Materials: mainly possessing some special functions in construction, such as waterproof, ornamental and heat-insulating functions, etc.. 15 8/26/2024 Add a footer  Characteristics of Building Materials and Their Status in Architecture Importance of building materials: Building materials are the foundation of construction engineering and a crucial part of the national economy. Impact on building quality: The variety, specification, and quality of building materials directly affect the applicability, artistry, and durability of buildings, as well as project costs. Economic significance: Building materials account for about 50% of the total construction cost, making proper choice and utilization crucial for cost reduction and investment benefits. Innovation and development: New building materials continue to emerge, promoting innovation and development in construction techniques, such as: Clay bricks leading to brick-timber structures Concrete and steel bars enabling reinforced concrete structures Light high-strength materials facilitating modern and high-rise buildings Functional materials creating comfortable living and production environments while conserving energy. 16 8/26/2024  Development of Building Materials Evolution of building materials: Building materials have developed alongside human civilization, reflecting the cultural and scientific advancements of each era. Stages of development: Natural materials: Early humans used natural materials to build shelters. Artificial production: With the use of fire, humans began producing bricks, tiles, and lime, marking the beginning of artificial production. Industrialization: The emergence of steel, cement, concrete, and reinforced concrete in the 18th and 19th centuries pushed building materials into a new stage of development. Modern advancements: The 20th century saw significant improvements in building materials, including: New materials with special functions: Heat-insulating, sound-absorbing, ornamental, and other specialized materials were developed. Light, high-strength, and functional materials: Building materials evolved to prioritize these characteristics in the second half of the 20th century. Sustainability and environmental awareness: In the new century, there is a growing emphasis on "Green Building Materials" that are non-toxic and pollution-free, allowing humans to build environmentally friendly "Green Homes". 17 8/26/2024  INTRODUCTION TO ASTM STANDARDS History of ASTM (American Society of the International Association for Testing and Materials) Founded in 1898 by Pennsylvania Railroad engineers and scientists Initially focused on developing standards for railway design and materials 18 8/26/2024 Add a footer  INTRODUCTION TO ASTM STANDARDS Today's ASTM International 30,000 members from various industries, including consumers, academics, producers, and consultants Headquarters in Pennsylvania, with offices worldwide 19 8/26/2024 Add a footer  INTRODUCTION TO ASTM STANDARDS ASTM's Role Develops and publishes technical standards for various industries Enhances performance and safety across products, materials, systems, and services Thousands of ASTM standards are used globally, each with a unique number Standards fall into categories, including: a. Standard Specification b. Standard Test Method c. Standard Practice Guide d. Standard Classification e. Terminology Standard 20 8/26/2024 Add a footer  INTRODUCTION TO ASTM STANDARDS Additional Services Offers technical training programs, proficiency testing, and inter-laboratory crosscheck programs Provides continuing education and online training programs for industries and government employees Courses cover topics such as plastics, coal, statistics, glass, and more Self-guided training courses available for QA/QC technicians On-site training and certification programs available for various products, materials, systems, and services Laboratories can assess their performance with proficiency testing, ideal for various industries such as aromatic hydrocarbons, petroleum products, engine coolant, textile testing, and more. 21 8/26/2024 Add a footer  INTRODUCTION TO ASTM STANDARDS The Annual Book of ASTM Standards The book addresses many different products, services, and industries that include: Plastics Adhesives Rubber Iron and steel Nonferrous metal Metal test methods and analytical procedures Construction Textiles Electrical insulation and electronics Water and environmental technology Nuclear A total of 143 technical writing committees work on the Solar and geothermal energy standards inside the book each year, developing those Medical devices and services standards in accordance with the guidelines of the World Trade And many more Organization. 22 8/26/2024  Laboratory No.1 Inspection of Material Testing Laboratory Equipment and Apparatus 23 8/26/2024  ThankYou…. 24 8/26/2024