Module 4: Communication and Globalization PDF

Module 4. Communication and Globalization Competence (STCW) Use IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases and Use English in Multilingual Contexts both Oral and written form KUP: Use of English language to develop the communicative competence and enhance their cultural and intercultural awareness...

Module 4. Communication and Globalization Competence (STCW) Use IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases and Use English in Multilingual Contexts both Oral and written form KUP: Use of English language to develop the communicative competence and enhance their cultural and intercultural awareness through multimodal tasks that provide opportunities for communicating effectively and appropriately to a multicultural audience in a local and global context. Learning Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students must have: L.O 1: read the article about the global and cultural issues on globalization and communication and unlock the difficult terms in the reading text; L.O. 2: answered comprehension questions based on the reading; L.O. 3: made a collage, poster or slogan about the impact of globalization to communication. Subject- matter/ Topic: 1. Cultural and global issues that affecting communication 2. The impact of communication to the society and to the world References: R-1 Grice, T. 2012- English for the Maritime Industry R-2 Madrunio, M.R. & Martin, I.P., Purposive Communication Using Multilingual Context R- 3- Uychoco, M.T. & Santos, M.I., Communication for Society (Purposive Communication) CHED Training Manuals Powerpoint Presentations, Video clips, Films, Pictures Procedures: A. Introduction / Review “Globalization” and “global” are terms we often encounter today. Globalization makes the world go round. It has affected us in many ways so to speak. Travel for business and pleasure are swift. Airfare has become cheaper even for meager incomes as long as you have reserved ahead of time. Filipinos have decided to work and live abroad and becomes immigrants. The free trade of goods and services all over the world has brought multinational companies and foreign investors at our doorstep. With this, it is a must to be aware of the differences between our culture and the rest of the world’s culture. Internet paved the way for the easy access of communication locally and internationally in a matter of seconds. Different platforms in social media offer swiftness in communication such as e-mail, twitter, Instagram, messenger, videoconferencing, teleconferencing, texting make things easy for us. One can read about different cultures, and have access to films, academic papers, and the like from countries around the world. Given with this increasingly shrinking  world, one should know the difference between the kind of English that we write and speak and the kind of Englishes that exist outside of the Philippines. B. Learning Activity These inputs provide information about globalization- how it works, how it happens and what drives it, what is good and bad about it. C. Discussion/ Processing WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION ANYWAY? by: Alex Gray (World Economic Forum, 2017) How globalization works? In simple term, globalization is the process by which people and goods move easily across borders. Principally, it’s an economic concept- the integration of markets, trade and investments with few barriers to slow the flow of products and services between nations. There is also a cultural element, as ideas and traditions are traded and assimilated. Globalization has brought many benefits to many people. But not for everyone. Storm in a coffee cup To help explain the economic side of globalization, let’s take a look at the well-known coffee chain Starbucks. The first Starbucks outlet opened its doors in 1971 in the city of Seattle. Today it has 15,000 stores in 50 countries. These days you can find a Starbucks anywhere, whether Australia, Cambodia, Chile or Dubai. It’s what you might call a truly globalized company. And for many suppliers and jobseekers, not to mention coffee- drinkers, this was a good thing. The company was purchasing 247 million kilograms of unroasted coffee from 29 countries. Through its stores and purchases, it provided jobs and income for hundreds of thousands of people all over the world. But then disaster struck. In 2012, Starbucks made headlines after Reuter’s investigation showed that that the chain hadn’t paid much tax to the UK government, despite having almost a thousands of coffee shops in the country and earning millions of pounds in profit there. As a multinational company, Starbucks was able to use complex accounting rules that enabled it to have profit earned in one country taxed in another. Because the latter country had a lower tax rate, Starbucks benefited. Ultimately, the British public missed out, as the government was raising less tax to spend on improving their well-being. How did globalization happen? We might think of globalization as a relatively new phenomenon, but it’s relatively around for centuries. One example is the Silk Road, when trade spread rapidly between China and Europe via an overland route. Merchants carried goods for trade back and forth, trading silk as well as gems and spices and, of course, coffee. (In fact, the habit of drinking coffee in a social setting originates from a Turkish custom, an example of how globalization can spread culture across borders). What drives it? Globalization has speeded up enormously over the last half- century, thanks to great leaps of technology. The Internet revolutionized connectivity and communication, and helped people share their ideas much widely, just as the invention of the printing press did in the 15 th century. The advent of e-mail made communication faster than ever. The invention of enormous container ships helped too. In fact, improvements in transport generally- faster ships, trains and airplanes- have allowed us to move around the globe much more easily. What’s good about it? Globalization has led to many millions lifted to poverty. For example, when a company like Starbucks buys coffee from farmers in Rwanda, it is providing a livelihood and a benefit to the community as a whole. A multinational company’s presence overseas contributes to those local economies because the company will invest in medical and educational facilities. Globalization has not only allowed nations to trade with each other, but also to cooperate with each other as never before. Take the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, for instance, where 195 countries all agreed to work towards reducing the carbon emission for the greater global good. What’s bad about it? While some areas have flourished, others have floundered as jobs and commerce move elsewhere. Steel companies in the UK, for example, once thrived, providing work for hundreds and thousands of people. But when China began producing cheaper steel, steel plants in the UK closed down and thousands of jobs were lost. Every step forward in technology brings with it new danger. Computers have vastly improved our lives, but cyber criminals steal millions of pounds a year. Global wealth has skyrocketed, but so has global warming. While others were lifted out of poverty, not everybody has benefited. Many argue that globalization operates mostly in the interests of the richest countries, with most of the world’s collective profits flowing back to them and into the pockets of those who already own the most. Although globalization is helping to create more wealth in developing countries, it is not helping to close the gap between the world’s poorest and richest nations. Leading charity Oxfam says that when corporations such as Starbucks can legally avoid paying tax, the global inequality crisis worsens. Basically, done wisely (in words of the International Monetary Fund) globalization could lead to “unparalleled peace and prosperity.” Done poorly, “to disaster.” D. Generalization: 1. In real sense, Globalization is essentially an economic phenomenon because it is concerned with the movement of people and products across borders. 2. As more people cross borders because of globalization, more language contact happens, making communication more challenging. 3. Globalization has benefits but not for everyone. 4. One best example is Starbucks- a coffee chain of restaurants. 5. Globalization happened when China traded Silk to Europe. 6. Technology gave globalization a great leap. 7. Globalization is good because millions were lifted to poverty. 8. Globalization is bad because it did not close the gap between the rich and the poor.