MODULE-3.-Lesson-Proper.pdf

COURSE CODE/ DESCRIPTION MODULE 3: Traffic Engineering Page 1 of 5 LESSON PROPER TRAFFIC ENGINEERING Traffic Engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses techniques to achieve safe and efficient road m...

COURSE CODE/ DESCRIPTION MODULE 3: Traffic Engineering Page 1 of 5 LESSON PROPER TRAFFIC ENGINEERING Traffic Engineering is a branch of civil engineering that uses techniques to achieve safe and efficient road management. AREAS WORK OF TRAFFIG ENGINEERING  Safety Highways  Convenience Planning  Economy Designs  People Operation  Vehicle OBJECTIVES OF TRAFFIC ENGINEERING  To achieve free and rapid flow of traffic yet at the same time to prevent traffic accidents and casualties.  To build and design new roads and improve older ones.  To build safety features of the roads and introduce new design. ROAD CLASSIFICATION IN THE PHILIPPINES According to the Department of Public Works and Highways, and under R.A No. 917 also known as the Philippine Highway Act, Philippines are classified into three types: a. National Primary - Are roads which form parts of the main trunkline system and directly connect three or more major cities and metropolitan areas with a population of at least 100,000. b. National Secondary - Are roads that complement the primary roads and provide access to other major population centers. They directly link smaller cities and provincial capitals, airports, seaports, and tourist centers to the primary roads. c. National Tertiary - A third classification was introduced in 2014 known as national tertiary roads. They include other existing roads administered by DPWH which perform as local function. TYPES OF ROADS The main types of roads in the Philippines: a. National roads - are those connecting major cities b. Provincial roads - are those connecting cities and municipalities. They connect National roads to barangays. c. Municipal and city roads - are roads within cities or towns. They connect to provincial and national roads d. Barangay roads - are other public roads within the barangay. e. Expressways- are highways with interchanges. COURSE CODE/ DESCRIPTION MODULE 3: Traffic Engineering Page 2 of 5 TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES  Any signs, signal marking placed exerted for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic.  The oldest traffic control device used to guide the safe and orderly movement of traffic is the traffic sign.  Signs contain instructions, which the road user is required to obey, warning of hazards which may not be self-evident.  Information about routes, directions designations and point of interest must be recognizable as such the means to convey the intended message  TRAFFIC SIGNALS Signal operated manually electrically or mechanically by which traffic is alternately commanded to stop and permitted to proceed. Figure 1: Traffic Signals RED STOP- No entry into intersection YELLOW OR AMBER- Permit the driver to proceed but requires the intersection further cross way to be cleared before the red signal appears. GREEN-GO - proceed. GREEN and ARROW - Directs movement indicated by the arrow TRAFFIC SIGNS A device mounted on affixed or portable support whereby official notice is given in the form of symbol for the purpose of regulating warning and guiding. SYMBOL SIGNS Upon which words are completely omitted. They have marked ability to compel attention and to rapidly communicate the planned message. COURSE CODE/ DESCRIPTION MODULE 3: Traffic Engineering Page 3 of 5 Figure 2 : Road Signs THE LEGALITY OF TRAFFIC MARKINGS  The Department of Public Works and Highways has the legal authority over markings and all marking or line-marking plans must be approved by the DPWH.  Marking shall be uniform in design and application. Pavement and Curve Markings a.) Longitudinal lines - are those laid in the direction of travel. These include Center line, lane line, double line. b.) Curve markings- are used to show where parking is legally prohibited or not allowed. such as Hus Stop, or in front of a fire hydrant, drive way. c.) Object markings are those markings painted on fixed poles, and on vertical ends of bridges and posts to avoid accidents. d.) Striped curb markings- are those markings used in traffic islands in order to warn the driver of the island on the road and aids the motorist to its traffic lane. e.) Painted crosswalk- is placed at the intersection and other places where there is considerable pedestrian's traffic to provide pedestrians with safety zones when crossing. f.) Broken white lines- used to define or separate traffic lanes. It permits crossing from one lane to another is ample passing distance and it the opposing lane is clear of traffic. g.) Solid yellow line- is your driving lane prohibits you from passing other vehicles. h.) Double yellow line- indicates two-way traffic where crossing of pedestrian and motorist is not allowed. It separates the opposing flow of traffic. i.) Broken yellow line- a two way/highway which means no overtaking or passing is permitted only when the road ahead is clear. j.) Stop line- indicates where stop should be made COURSE CODE/ DESCRIPTION MODULE 3: Traffic Engineering Page 4 of 5 TRAFFIC SIGN MAY BE CLASSIFIED IN THE FOLLOWING GROUPS ACCORDING TO THEIR USE 1. REGULATORY SIGNS (Type R) - regulate the movement of traffic to comply with their directions against constituting an offense. They are subdivided into: A. Priority signs -these are signs intended to regulate priority over a particular road section or roadway. The examples of priority signs are as follows. B. Prohibitory signs or restrictive signs- these signs shall be used on specified section of the road which will be easily seen by motorist to indicate regulation which is prohibitive or restrictive in nature such as. C. Mandatory signs- these shall be used to notify the road users of special rules in which they must comply for the safety. SPECIAL MANDATORY SIGNS (Type S) - instruct road users to meet certain traffic rule requirements or road conditions that ordinary guide or regulatory signs do not achieve the desired result. * lane Direction sign *maximum speed *paytoll sign * Movement instruction sign *pedestrian only sign *switch lamp on sign WARNING SIGNS (Type W) - warn road users of condition on or adjacent to the road which may be unexpected or hazards to traffic operation. Figure 3 : Warning Signs GUIDE SIGNS OR INFORMATIVE SIGNS (Type G) - Inform and advise road users of direction distances, destination one routes, the location services for road users, and points of interest. 1. Advanced signs- these inform motorists. read users of the names and distances of the principal destination or destinations served by the intersecting roads COURSE CODE/ DESCRIPTION MODULE 3: Traffic Engineering Page 5 of 5 2. Direction signs-unlike the advanced direction signs direction signs shall be placed at the right of the intersection to shown the direction and destination of a route. 3. Place identification signs- these may be used to show the frontier between two countries for the purpose of showing the beginning and for end of built-up area 4. Confirmatory signs- these are used to confirm the direction of a road. They shall beat the name of one or more places. When distances are shown. 5. Other signs providing useful information drivers of vehicle. 6. Other signs indicating facilities which may be useful to road users.