Module 2 Water Demand PDF

MODULE 2 WATER DEMAND Population served = more than 600 people (more than 100 Factors that Influenced Water Demand households)...

MODULE 2 WATER DEMAND Population served = more than 600 people (more than 100 Factors that Influenced Water Demand households) Rate of consumption = 80 to 100 1. Service levels to be implemented liters/capita/day 2. Size of the community 3. Standard of living of the populace Design Period (5 to 10 years) 4. Quantity and quality of water available in the area Five-Year Design Period 5. Water tariffs that need to be shouldered by the 1. Low initial capital cost consumers 2. Need for new capital outlays after 5 years 6. Climatological conditions to upgrade system capacity 7. Habits and manners of water usage by the people Ten-Year Design Period 1. Higher initial capital cost Classification of Water Supply Facilities 2. Capable of meeting the demand over long period and no major investment cost is 1. Level I (point source) – a protected well or a expected. developed spring with an outlet but has no distribution system. Its outreach must not Water Consumption be more than 250 meters from the farthest user. Water consumptions served by small water utilities are commonly classified into Domestic Population served = 90-150 people Use, Commercial Use, Institutional Use, or (15-25 households) Industrial Use. Rate of consumption = at least 20 liters/capita/day Unit Consumption for domestic water demand is usually in liters per capita per day (LPCD) 2. Level II (communal faucet system or stand post) – a system made up of a source, a For Level II Public Faucet reservoir, a piped distribution network, and 50 to 60 LPCD communal faucets. Usually one faucet Each public faucet should serve 4 to 6 serves four to six households and located at household not more than 25 meters from the farthest For Level III house. The consumers still go to the supply 80 to 100 LPCD point (communal faucet) to fetch the water. If there are public schools and health centers, Population served = 600 people they will be supplied from the start of system (100 households) operation and be classified as institutional Rate of consumption = 50 to 60 connections. liters/capita/day Commercial establishments can be assumed to 3. Level III (waterworks system or individual be served within the 5-year period. household connections) – a system with a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution Unit Consumption network and individual household taps. Institutional Connections – 1.0 m3/day Commercial Connection – 0.80 m3/day EC Lazarte 4 Total Consumption Minimum Day Demand – the minimum amount of water required in a single day over a year. It is the sum of the domestic, institutional and commercial consumptions expressed in m3/day. Average Day Demand – the average of the daily water requirement spread in a year. Domestic Consumption Maximum Day Demand – the maximum amount Most water systems originally constructed as of water required in a single day over a year. Level II have upgraded either to Level III or to a combined Level II and Level III system. Peak Hour Demand – the highest hourly demand in a day. In anticipation of the trend towards upgrading to Level III, the Level II system planner should Demand Factors for Level II and III assume that within 5 years, 90% of the households served would opt for individual Demand Parameter Demand Factor house connections. Min. Day Demand 0.30 of ave. day demand Ave. Day Demand 1.0 Non-Revenue Water Max. day Demand 1.3 of ave. day demand Peak Hour Demand 2.5 of ADD (>1,000 con) It is the amount of water that is produced but 3.0 of ADD (