Module 2 Drug Education PDF

Module 2: Drug Education National Service Training Program Mary Ann Umayao Nature of Drugs and Drug Abuse What is a Drug? Drugs are substances that affect the way our body and our mind function. Any substance other than food and water, which when taken in...

Module 2: Drug Education National Service Training Program Mary Ann Umayao Nature of Drugs and Drug Abuse What is a Drug? Drugs are substances that affect the way our body and our mind function. Any substance other than food and water, which when taken into the body causes change. What is Drugs or Substance Abuse? -Substance abuse, according to World Health Organization (WHO), refers to “the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs”.  Dependence Syndrome a cluster of behavioral, cognitive and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use Drug Addiction (Substance Use Disorder) Drug addiction, also termed ‘substance use disorder’, is a “disease that affects a person's brain and behavior” which often leads to one’s inability to control their use of a prescribed or illegal drug. Is Drug Abuse and Drug Addiction the Same? Medical experts advise that the terms ‘drug abuse’ and ‘drug addiction’ are not synonymous. Drug abuse is when legal or illegal substances are used in ways not advised by medical professionals.  Why do people turn to Drugs? ✓ Curiosity and “because others are doing it” ✓ Recreation ✓ Culture ✓ Loneliness ✓ To feel good ✓ To do better  Phases of Drug Dependence Experimentation Phase -new user experiments with or tries a drug for the first time in his life although he has heard that people who use drugs experience a “high” or pleasure, the first time often produces a negative experience.  Phases of Drug Dependence Occasional or Social use Some teeners, assured by their drug using friends that the unpleasant effects are normal and would pass away, decide to continue using drugs.  Phases of Drug Dependence Regular Use -In this stage, he actively, seeks the drug of abuse of his choice.  Phases of Drug Dependence Drug Dependence In this stage, he no longer just takes the drug every now and then but uses them day-by-day. PRIMARY CAUSES AND CONTRIBUTORY FACTORS TO DRUG ABUSE Family Biological Factors Psychological Factors Parental Negligence  EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE Effect to the Person (user) Medical and Physical Deterioration Personality Deterioration Mental Deterioration Spiritual Deterioration Effect to the Family Effect to the Community Effect to the Society  What are the Categories of Drugs? Stimulants Depressants Hallucinogens (Psychedelics)  Stimulants giving rise to alertness and increased bursts of activity. Example of a Stimulant: Street Names Cigarette YOSI ISOY PA-ASO BUTTS  Depressants These are drugs that cause depression of the brain's faculties by attacking the Central Nervous System (CNS) slowing down the messages between the brain and the body.  Example of a Depressants: Such as sleeping pills, alcohol, tranquilizers Effects of Depressants Slurred speech Poor judgment Slow body movements  Hallucinogens These results to hallucinations and an "out of this world" feeling. This drugs affect the sensation, thinking, and emotion that may lead to distorted sensory stimulations, Basic Facts about Commonly Abused Substances Marijuana Street Names MJ Mary Jane Flower Damo Pot Butoy Weed power Side Effect of Marijuana Hallucinations/illusions Dry mouth and throat Forgetfulness/inability to think Faster heart beat and pulse rate Alcohol Street Names Alcohol depresses Booze your central Sauce nervous system Brews (brain and spinal cord), lowers Hard Stuff inhibitions and Juice impairs judgement.  Street Names E Ecstasy XTC X Adam Ecstasy is a synthetic (man- Beans made) drug made Lover’s in laboratory. Speed Love Drug  Street Names Coke Cocaine Crack Flake Rocks It is made from the coca plant and, Snow next to methamphetamine, creates Charlie the greatest psychological Sniff dependence of any drug. Shabu or Methamphetamine Street Names Shabs It is a highly powerful and addictive man-made stimulant Bato that causes aggression and Kempit violent or psychotic behavior. Bagnos It is one of the hardest drugs to treat. Alta Sinaw Item Butang Immediate Effects Increase in blood pressure Faster heart beat and pulse rate Involuntary muscle twitching A sense of well being Feels energetic/alert Less hunger Slurred speech Inhalants Street Names When substances or fumes are inhaled, Poppers they cause permanent physical and Whippets mental damage. They starve the body of oxygen and force the heart to beat Laughing irregularly and more rapidly. Gas Rush Most Common Signs of Drug Use and Addiction 1. Intense Cravings 2. Tolerance. 3. Withdrawal symptoms. 4. Physical dependence. 5. They are engaging in increasingly risky behaviors. Most Common Signs of Drug Use and Addiction 6. Drug-seeking behaviors. 7. Financial trouble related to drug use. 8. Neglecting responsibilities. 9. They are developing unhealthy relationships with those who support the addiction. 10.Isolating behaviors. How do People take Illegal Drugs? Swallowing tablets or drinking liquids Breathing them into the lungs Snorting into the nose Injecting Through the skin Rectally or vaginally as a suppository Ill Effects of Drugs Physiological Any drugs are deemed dangerous when taken beyond the right dosage and beyond the right intention.  Social Drugs’ consciousness-altering effects can severely aggravate the mood of the person taking it. Legal Dealing or just using illegal drugs can lead to imprisonment.  Economic Pozzi adds that the “economic aftershock” that illegal drug use may cause often comes from loss of potential manpower, low productivity, money laundering, and the lack of security and safety in the community, making it an unfavorable environment for investors to trust that their businesses will thrive. Political The illegal drug trade corrupts the government system as well when drug syndicates and politicians become involved Drug Courier Drug mules or “drug couriers” are persons who transport illegal drugs in exchange for getting paid a huge amount of money, usually determined by the amount of drugs to be delivered and the route/distance to be traveled. Factors Contributing to the Drug Courier Problem These are the following factors that give rise to the drug courier problem: Prevalent poverty Lack of education The promise of easy money Unemployment Traveling opportunities Anti-Drug Campaigns and Advocacies of the Government “Barkada Kontra Droga” or “Peer Group Against Drugs” program launched by the Dangerous Drugs Board aims to tap teen-peers in advocating for preventive education to counter the ill effects of drug abuse; Several policies have been mandated by the Duterte administration including: the establishment of community-based treatment and rehabilitation programs and services; institutionalizing the Drug-Free Workplace Policy; and Conducting authorized drug testing for elective local officials and appointive public officers.  In July 2016 “Oplan Tokhang,” a combination of the Bisayan words for knock (toktok) and plead (hangyo) was launched which involves officers going door- to- door in communities to root out drug-related offenders; On September 19, 2016, the DDB approved Board Regulation No. 4, Series of 2016, entitled “OPLAN SAGIP”, which provided guidelines on the voluntary surrender of drug users and dependents, as well as mandating a monitoring mechanism for barangays in their Anti-Drug Abuse campaigns.  Effects of Illegal Drugs to Human Body Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Effects of Illegal Drugs to Human Body Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Effects of Illegal Drugs to Human Body Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Effects of Illegal Drugs to Human Body Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Signs & Symptoms of Drug Abuse Bloodshot eyes Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI Dilated pupil  Signs & Symptoms of Drug Abuse Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times Injection marks Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Signs & Symptoms of Drug Abuse Stealing items can be readily sold for cash Association with known drug user Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Signs & Symptoms of Drug Abuse Change from normal Change in mood capabilities work habits, depending on a Drug efficiency, etc. taken Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Signs & Symptoms of Drug Abuse Poor physical appearance including inattention to dress and personal hygiene Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  REPUBLIC ACT 9165 PHILIPPINE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  SECTION 2 Declaration of Policy It is the policy of the state to safeguard the integrity of its territory and well being of its citizenry, particularly the YOUTH from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs on their physical and mental well being. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  ARTICLE II UNLAWFUL ACTS AND PENALTIES Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Section 5 Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution, and Transportation of Dangerous Drugs and or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. Penalty: Life Imprisonment to Death Fine: P 500,000 to P 10,000,000 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Section 11 Possession of Dangerous Drugs 10 grams or more of opium, morphine, heroine, cocaine, PENALTY: Life marijuana resin, or marijuana Imprisonment to resin oil MDMA (ecstasy) and LSD Death 500 grams or more of marijuana 50 grams or more of FINE: P 500,000 methamphetamine hydrochloride to P 10,000,000 (shabu) Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Possession of 10 grams or more but less than 50 grams of Shabu PENALTY: Life Imprisonment FINE: P 400,000 to P 500,000 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Possession of 5 grams or more but less than 10 grams of shabu or 300 grams or more but less than 500 grams of marijuana PENALTY: Imprisonment of 20 yrs. & 1 day to Life. FINE: P 400,000 to P 500,000 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Possession of less than 5 grams of shabu or less than 300 grams of marijuana PENALTY: Imprisonment of 12 yrs & 1 day to 20 yrs. FINE: P 300,000 to P 400,000 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Section 15 Use of Dangerous Drugs 1ST Offense A penalty of 6 months to 18 months rehabilitation 2nd Offense Penalty: 6 years and 1 day to 12 yrs. Fine: P 50,000 to P 200,000 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Section 16 Cultivation or culture of plants classified as dangerous drugs Penalty: Life Imprisonment to Death Fine: P 500,000 to P 10,000,000 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Article IV PARTICIPATION OF THE FAMILY, STUDENTS, TEACHERS AND SCHOOL AUTHORITIES IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE ACT Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Section 42 Student Councils and Campus Organizations All elementary, secondary, and tertiary schools student councils and campus organizations shall include in their activities a program for the prevention and deterrence in the use of dangerous drugs. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  Section 43 - School Curricula Instruction on drug abuse prevention and control shall be integrated in the , elementary, secondary, and tertiary of all public and private schools. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  The Role of the Youth in Drug Abuse Prevention The International Youth Foundation espouses that “Young people are not problems to be solved, but problem solvers themselves,” which is a claim that rings true, because the young people of society are integral voices in helping shape our culture, government, and society at large.  The Value of the Youth in Participating the Drug Prevention Morals and character are developed The youth listen to their fellows A foundation for a good adult life A direct reflection of what young people want and need  T.E.N. (10) WAYS TO SAY "NO" TO DRUGS 1. Use your voice, just say "NO" and mean it! 2. Show them an image of clean living for yourself. 3. Get into sports. 4. Choose your friends and influence them positively. Get involved in community-based projects. Join organizations (church, school, community, or social) or youth clubs.  T.E.N. (10) WAYS TO SAY "NO" TO DRUGS 7. Learn how to manage stress. 8. Join seminars on anti-drug abuse prevention. 9. Talk to your family, listen to the problems of your brothers and sisters. 10. Enhance your talents or skills by taking part in workshops, training or seminars. To be involved in drug prevention and control requires a S.T.R.O.N.G. group: S – Steadfast personality T – Trustworthy in words and deeds R – Respectable in relating to others O – Open-minded in facing situations N – Noble character G – Gusty actions and ideas  The PDEA, PNP and other law enforcement agencies cannot do it alone. The problem rest upon us. It starts within ourselves. Every individual must do their share and contribute to the battle against illegal drugs. This country cannot afford to waste its future of our youth. If the war on illegal drugs is lost, the future of the country will follow the wrong direction. Despite and in spite of the government, we must remain resolute to win the war against illegal drugs. Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI  “The world will not be destroyed by those who do evil, but by those who watch & do nothing.” ~ Einstein Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency Regional Office XI